Effects of a target movement direction cue on head-tracking performance

References

• ALBRECHT , R. E. 1989 . An adaptive digital filter to predict pilot head look direction for helmetmounted displays , Dayton, Ohio : University of Dayton . MSc thesis
   Google Scholar
• ASTLEY , S. M. , TAYLOR , C. J. , BOGGIS , C. R. M. , ASBURY , D. L. and WILSON , M. 1993 . “ Cue generation and combination for mammographic screening ” . In Visual Search 2 , Edited by: Brogan , D. , Gale , A. and Carr , K. 207 – 223 . London : Taylor & Francis .
   Google Scholar
• BARFIELD , W. and FURNESS III , T. A. 1995 . Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design , New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• BARNES , G. R. and SOMMERVILLE , G. P. 1978 . Visual target acquisition and tracking using a helmet-mounted sight . Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine , 49 : 565 – 572 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BATY , D. L. Human transinformation rates during one-four-axis tracking with a concurrent audio task . Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference on Manual Control. SP- 281 . pp. 293 – 306 . Washington, DC : National Aeronautics and Space Administration .
   Google Scholar
• BAUER , B. and MCFADDEN , S. 1997 . Linear separability and redundant colour coding in visual search display . Displays , 18 : 21 – 28 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BENDAT , J. S. and PIERSOL , A. G. 1980 . Engineering Applications of Correlation and Spectral Analysis , New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• BOFF , K. R. and LINCOLN , J. E. 1988 . Engineering Data Compendium , Vol. 3 , Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Human Engineering Division, Armstrong Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory .
   Google Scholar
• CATLING , P. R. 10 February 1987 . “ A helmet-mounted sight evaluation exercise ” . In Royal Aeronautical Society Symposium on Aircrew Helmet and Helmet Mounted Devices 10 February , Farnborough
   Google Scholar
• CHERNIKOFF , R. and TAYLOR , F. V. 1957 . Effects of course frequency and aided time constant on pursuit and compensatory tracking . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 53 : 285 – 292 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DAVIS , R. 1956 . The limits of the ‘Psychological Refractory Period’ . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 8 : 24 – 38 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DREW , E. , GEORGE , G. and KNIGHT , S. AH-64 combat mission simulator tactical system . Proceedings of the AIAA Flight Simulation Technologies Conference . August 17-19 , Monterey, CA. pp. 155 – 164 . AIAA 87-2575
   Google Scholar
• DREWELL , N. H. 1972 . “ The effects of preview on pilot describing functions in a simple tracking task ” . In Institute for Aerospace Studies technical report note 176 , Toronto : University of Toronto .
   Google Scholar
• EARNSHAW , J. A. and VINCE , H. J. 1995 . Virtual Reality Applications , London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• ELKIND , J. I. 1956 . Characteristics of simple manual control systems , Technical report no. 111 MIT Lincoln Laboratory .
   Google Scholar
• ELLSON , D. G. and HILL , H. 19 November 1948 . The interaction of response to step function stimuli: I. Opposed steps of constant amplitude , ACM memorandum report no. MCREXD-694-2P 19 November ,
   Google Scholar
• FEARNSIDE , P. J. , SELCON , S. J. , DAVY , E. C. , DREQERY , C. and CAMPBELL , J. 1997 . “ A comparison of alternative helmet-mounted flight control displays ” . In Engineering Psychology and Cogni tive Ergonomics, vol. 1: Transportation Systems , Edited by: Harris , D. 23 – 29 . Aldershot : Ashgate .
   Google Scholar
• GAUTHER , G. M. , OBRECHT , G. , PEDRONO , C. , VERCHER , J. L. and STARK , L. 1987 . “ Adaptive optimization of eye-head co-ordination with degraded peripheral vision ” . In Eye Movements: From Physiology to Cognition , Edited by: O'Regan , J. K. and Levy-Schoen , A. Amsterdam : Elsevier Science .
   Google Scholar
• GERHART , G. R. Target acquisition criteria for human observers. Visions . Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35th Annual Meeting . San Francisco, CA. pp. 1517 – 1521 . Santa Monica : Human Factors Society .
   Google Scholar
• GELTMACHER , H. E. 1988 . Recent advances in computer image generation simulation . Aviation, Space, and Environment Medicine , 59 : A39 – 45 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GOODYEAR . 8 April 1952 . Human dynamic study , Final report no. GER-4750 8 April , Goodyear Aircraft Corp .
   Google Scholar
• GOODYEAR . 25 November 1953 . Investigation of vestibular and body reactions to the dynamic response of a human operator , Final report: BuAer Report AE-61-6 and Report GER 5452 25 November , Goodyear Aircraft Corp .
   Google Scholar
• GOODYEAR . 25 April 1955 . Investigation of control ‘feel’ effects of the dynamics of a piloted aircraft system , Report GER 6726 25 April , Goodyear Aircraft Corp .
   Google Scholar
• GROSSMAN , J. D. 1974 . Flight evaluation of pilot sighting accuracy using a helmet mounted sight , Report NWC TP 5638 China Lake : Naval Weapons Center .
   Google Scholar
• GRUNWALD , A. J. and KOHN , S. 1994 . Visual field information in low-altitude visual flight by line-of- sight slaved helmet-mounted displays . IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics , 24 : 120 – 134 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GRUNWALD , A. J. , KOHN , S. and MERHAV , S. J. Visual field information in Nap-of- the earth flight by teleoperated helmet-mounted displays . SPIE Conference on Largescreen Projection, Avionics and Helmet-mounted Displays . pp. 132 – 153 . Bellingham : Society of Photooptical Instruments Engineers .
   Google Scholar
• HAWORTH , L. A. , BUCHER , N. and RUNNINGS , D. Helmet-mounted display systems for helicopter . Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society . Denver, CO. pp. 86 – 90 .
   Google Scholar
• HENKE , A. H. An investigation of head-tracking performance using a helmet mounted sight and display system . Proceedings of the 6th Annual Conference of Manual Control, Air Force Institute of Technology . pp. 7 – 18 . Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Air Force Institute of Technology .
   Google Scholar
• HORNSETH , J. P. , STANLEY , G. and CARSON , P. Head tracking: a fatigue study . Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference of Manual Control, Ames Research Center . Moffett Field, CA. NASA TMX-73 170
   Google Scholar
• HUMPHREYS , G. W. and BOUCART , M. 1997 . Selection by color and form in vision . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 23 : 136 – 153 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JENSEN , R. J. 1981 . Prediction and quickening in prospective flight displays for curved landing and approaches . Human Factors , 23 : 333 – 364 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JEX , H. R. and ALLEN , R. W. Research on a new human dynamics response test battery, Part 2: Test development and validation . Proceedings of the 6th Annual Conference on Manual Control . Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Institute of Technology .
   Google Scholar
• JEX , H. R. and CORNWELL , C. H. 1961 . Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of New Longitudinal Handling Quality Parameters , DTIC no. AD 282878, ASD-TDR-61-26 Wright Patterson Air Force Base: Aeronautical System Division .
   Google Scholar
• KAWARA , T. , OHMI , M. and YOSHIZAWA , T. 1996 . Effects on visual functions during tasks of object handling in virtual environment with a head mounted display . Ergonomics , 39 : 1370 – 1380 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KINCHLA , R. A. , CHEN , Z. and EVERT , D. 1995 . Precue effects in visual search: data or resource limited? . Perception and Psychophysics , 57 : 444 – 450 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KRENDEL , E. S. 1951 . A Preliminary Study of the Power Spectrum Approach to the Analysis of Perceptual Motor Performance , Air Force technical report no. 6723 Dayton : Wright Air Development Center .
   Google Scholar
• KRENDEL , E. S. 1952 . The Spectral Density Study of Tracking Performance, Part 1: The Effect of Instructions , Technical report no. 52-11 Dayton : Wright Air Development Center .
   Google Scholar
• KRENDEL , E. S. 1952 . The Spectral Density Study of Tracking Performance, Part 2: The Effects of Input Amplitude and Practice , Technical report no. 52-11 Dayton : Wright Air Development Center .
   Google Scholar
• KRENDEL , E. S. and BARNES , G. H. 1954 . Interim Report on Human Frequency Response Studies , Technical report no. 54-370 Dayton : Wright Air Development Center .
   Google Scholar
• KRENDEL , E. S. and MCRUER , D. T. 1960 . A servo-mechanisms approach to skill development . Journal of the Franklin Institute , 269 : 24 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• LEVISON , W. H. , LANCRAFT , R. E. and JUNKER , A. M. Effects of simulator delays on performance and learning in a roll-axis tracking task . Proceedings of the 15th Annual Conference On Manual Control. AFFDL-TR-793134 DTIC no. ADA080563 . Dayton : Wright Air Development Center, Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory .
   Google Scholar
• LEVISON . The optimal control model for the human operator: theory, validation, and applications . Proceedings of the Workshop on Flight Testing to Identify Pilot Workload. AFFTC-OTR-82-5 . Edwards Air Force Base, Air Force Flight Test Center .
   Google Scholar
• LEVISON , W. H. and ZACHARIAS , G. L. 1981 . A comparison of head and manual control for a position-control pursuit tracking task , Report 4572 Boston : Bolt, Beranek & Newman .
   Google Scholar
• LEWIS , C. H. and GRIFFIN , M. J. 1979 . Mechanisms of the effects of vibration frequency level and duration on continuous manual control performance . Ergonomics , 22 : 895-889
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LIFSHITZ , S. and MERHAV , S. J. 1992 . Man-in-the loop study of filtering in airborne headtracking tasks . Journal of Guidance Control and Dynami cs , 15 : 1043 – 1045 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LOVESEY , E. J. 1989 . “ The pilot cockpit weapons interface for close air combat ” . In Contemporary Ergonomics , Edited by: Megaw , E. D. London : Taylor & Francis .
   Google Scholar
• LUBOW , R. E. and KAPLAN , O. 1997 . Visual search as a function of type of prior experience with target and distracter . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 23 : 14 – 24 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MCRUER , D. T. 1973 . Development of pilot-in-the-loop analysis . Journal of Aircraft , 10 : 514 – 518 .
   Google Scholar
• MCRUER , D. T. and JEX , H. R. 1967 . A review of quasi-linear pilot models . IEEE Transaction on Human Factors in Electronics , HFE-8 : 231 – 249 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MCRUER , D. T. and KRENDEL , E. S. 1957 . Dynamic Response of Human Operators , Technical report no. 56-524 Dayton : Wright Air Development Center .
   Google Scholar
• MONDOR , T. A. and ZATORRE , R. J. 1995 . Shifting and focusing auditory spatial attention . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 21 : 387 – 409 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MONK , D. L. , PORTERFIELD , J. L. , HORNSETH , J. P. and MCMURRY , R. L. Head tracking at large angles from the straight ahead position . Proceedings of the 14th Annual Conference Manual Control . Los Angeles, CA. pp. 425 – 436 . University of Southern California . NASA conference publication 2060
   Google Scholar
• NATHAN , R. L. and MEEHAN , J. W. Helmet-mounted sight evaluation in simulation . Proceedings of the SimTect 96 . Melbourne. pp. 227 – 232 .
   Google Scholar
• NELSON , W. T. , HETTINGER , L. J. , CUNNINGHAM , J. A. , BRICKMAN , B. J. , HASS , M. W. and MCKINLEY , R. L. 1998 . Effects of localized auditory information on visual target detection performance using a helmet-mounted display . Human Factors , 40 : 452 – 460 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NICHOLSON , R. M. 1966 . The feasibility of a helmet-mounted sight as a control device . Human Factors , 8 : 417 – 425 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PEW , R. W. 1966 . Performance of human operators in a three-state relay control system with velocity-augmented displays . IEEE Transactions on Human Factors in Electronics , HFE-7 : 77 – 83 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• POULTON , E. C. 1967 . Tracking a variable rate of movement . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 73 : 135 – 144 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• POULTON , E. C. 1974 . Tracking Ski ll and Manual Control , London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• ROCKWAY , M. R. 1954 . The Effects of Variations in Control-Display Ratio and Exponential Time Delay on Tracking Performance , ASD-TR-54-618 DTIC no. AD 062763 Dayton : Wright Air Development Center .
   Google Scholar
• RUSSELL , L. 1951 . Characteristics of the human as a linear servo-element , MIT . MS thesis
   Google Scholar
• SANDOR , P. B. and LEGER , A. 1991 . Tracking with a restricted field of view: performance and eyehead co-ordination aspects . Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine , 62 : 1026 – 1031 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SCIALFA , C. T. and THOMAS , D. M. 1994 . Age difference in same-different judgements as a function of multi-dimensional similarity . Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences , 49 : 173 – 178 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SHEPHERD , C. K. The helmet-mounted display as a tool to increase productivity during space station extravehicular activity . Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society . Anaheim, CA. pp. 40 – 43 . Santa Monica : Human Factors and Ergonomics Society .
   Google Scholar
• SHERIDAN , T. B. and FERELL , W. R. 1974 . Man-Machine Systems , Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• SHIRACHI , D. K. , MONK , D. L. and BLACK , J. H. 1978 . Head rotational spectral characteristics during two dimensional smooth pursuit tasks . IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics , SMC-8 : 715 – 724 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SO , R. H. Y. 1995 . Optimising the responses of head-coupled systems to dynamic head movements , Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton . PhD thesis
   Google Scholar
• SO , R. H. Y. and GRIFFIN , M. J. 1992 . Compensating lags in head-coupled displays using head position prediction and image deflection . Journal of Aircraft , 29 : 1064 – 1068 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SO , R. H. Y. and GRIFFIN , M. J. 1995 . Effects of lags on human operator transfer functions with head-coupled systems . Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine , 66 : 550 – 556 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SO , R. H. Y. and GRIFFIN , M. J. 1996 . Experimental studies of the use of phase lead filters to compensate lags in head-coupled visual displays . IEEE Transaction on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics—Part A: Systems and Humans , 26 : 445 – 454 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• STRYBEL , T. Z. , BOUCHER , J. M. , FUJAWA , G. E. and VOLP , C. S. Auditory spatial cueing in visual search tasks: effects of amplitude, contrast, and duration . Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society . pp. 109 – 113 . Santa Monica : Human Factors and Ergonomics Society .
   Google Scholar
• TAYLOR , F. V. 1949 . Certain characteristics of the human servo . Electrical Engineering , 68 March
   Google Scholar
• VENTURINO , M. and KUNZE , R. J. Spatial awareness with a helmet-mounted display . Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society . Denver, Colorado. pp. 1388 – 1391 . Santa Monica : Human Factors and Ergonomics Society .
   Google Scholar
• VENTURINO , M. and WELLS , M. J. Head movements as a function of field-of-view . Proceedings of the 34th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society . Orlando, FL. pp. 1572 – 1576 . Santa Monica : Human Factors and Ergonomics Society .
   Google Scholar
• VERONA , R. W. Head aiming/tracking accuracy in a helicopter environment . Aerospace Medical Association Conference . pp. 113 – 114 . Fort Rucker, AL : US Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory .
   Google Scholar
• WARRICK , M. J. 1949 . Effects of Transmission Type Control Lag on Tracking Accuracy , AFTR-5916, DTIC no. AD630292 Dayton : Air Material Command, Wright Air Development Center .
   Google Scholar
• WATSON , B. , SPAULDING , V. , WALKER , N. and RIBARSKY , W. Evaluation of the effects of frame time variation on VR task performance . Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium . Los Alamitos, CA. pp. 38 – 44 . Albuquerque : IEEE .
   Google Scholar
• WELLS , M. J. and GRIFFIN , M. J. 1987 . A review and investigation of aiming and tracking performance with head-mounted sights . IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics , 17 : 210 – 221 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WILLIAMS , J. N. 1987 . A piloted simulation investigating handling qualities and performance requirements of a single-pilot helicopter in air combat employing a helmet-driven turreted gun , MS thesis Monterey, CA : Naval Postgraduate School .
   Google Scholar
• WOODRUFF , R. R. , HUBBARD , D. C. and SHAW , A. 1986 . Comparison of helmet-mounted visual displays . Displays , 7 : 179 – 185 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar