References
- ABEL , E. W. and FRANK , T. G. 1991 . The design of attendant propelled wheelchairs . Prosthetics and Orthotics International , 15 : 38 – 45 .
- AYOUB , M. M. and MCDANIEL , J. W. 1974 . Effects of operator stance on pushing and pulling . AIIE Transactions , 6 : 185 – 195 .
- BEEK , A. J. VAN DER , FRINGS-DRESEN , M. H. W. , VAN DIJK , F. J. H. , KMEPER , H. C. G. and MEIJMAN , T. F. 1993 . Loading and unloading by lorry drivers and musculoskeletal complaints . International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics , 12 : 13 – 23 .
- CHOLEWICKI , J. and MCGILL , S. M. 1996 . Mechanical stability of the in vivo lumbar spine: implications for injury and chronic low back pain . Clinical Biomechanics , 11 : 1 – 15 .
- GRIEVE , D. W. and PHEASANT , S. T. 1981 . Naturally preferred directions for the exertion of maximal manual forces . Ergonomics , 24 : 685 – 693 .
- HOOZEMANS , M. J. M. , VAN DER BEEK , A. , FRINGS-DRESEN , M. H. W. , VAN DIJK , F. J. H. and VAN DER WOUDE , L. H. V. 1998 . Pushing and pulling in relation to musculoskeletal disorders: a review of risk factors . Ergonomics , 41 : 757 – 781 .
- KEMPER , H. C. G. , VAN AALST , R. , LEEGWATER , A. , MAAS , S. and KNIBBE , J. J. 1990 . The physical and physiological workload of refuse collectors . Ergonomics , 33 : 1471 – 1486 .
- LEE , K. S. , CHAFFIN , D. B. , HERRIN , G. D. and WAIKAR , A. M. 1991 . Effect of handle height on lower back loading in cart pushing and pulling . Applied Ergonomics , 22 : 117 – 123 .
- DE LOOZE , M. P. , KINGMA , I. , BUSSMANN , J. B. J. and TOUSSAINT , H. M. 1992 . Validation of a dynamic linked segment model to calculate joint moments in lifting . Clinical Biomechanics , 7 : 161 – 169 .
- DE LOOZE , M. P. , STASSEN , A. , MARKSLAG , A. , WOONING , M. M. , BORST , M. J. and TOUSSAINT , H. M. 1995 . Mechanical loading on the low back in three refuse collecting methods . Ergonomics , 38 : 1993 – 2006 .
- MITAL , A. , NICHOLSON , A. S. and AYOUB , M. M. 1993 . A Guide to Manual Materials Handling , London : Taylor & Francis .
- PHEASANT , S. T. and GRIEVE , D. W. 1981 . The principal features of maximal exertion in the sagittal plane . Ergonomics , 24 : 327 – 338 .
- PHEASANT , S. T. , GRIEVE , D. W. , RUBIN , T. and THOMPSON , S. J. 1982 . Vector representations of human strength in whole body exertion . Applied Ergonomics , 13 : 139 – 144 .
- PINDER , A. D. J. , WILKINSON , A. T. and GRIEVE , D. W. 1995 . Omnidirectional assessment of one-handed manual strength at three handle heights . Clinical Biomechanics , 10 : 59 – 66 .
- RESNIK , M. L. and CHAFFIN , D. B. 1995 . An ergonomic evaluation of handle height and load in maximal and submaximal cart pushing . Applied Ergonomics , 26 : 173 – 178 .
- SCHIBYE , B. , SOGAARD , K. , LAURSEN , B. and SJOGGARD , G. Mechanical load of the spine during pushing and pulling . Proceedings of the 13th Triennial Congress of the IEA . Edited by: Seppalla , P. , Luopajarvi , T. , Nygard , C. H. and Matilla , M. Vol. 4 , pp. 222 Tampere
- SNOOK , S. H. and CIRIELLO , V. M. 1991 . The design of manual handling tasks: revised tables of maximum acceptable weights and forces . Ergonomics , 34 : 1197 – 1213 .
- WARWICK , D. , NOVAK , G. and SCHULTZ , A. 1980 . Maximum voluntary strengths of male adults in some lifting, pushing and pulling activities . Ergonomics , 23 : 49 – 54 .
- WOUDE , L. H. W. VAN DER , VAN KONINGSBRUGGEN , C. M. , KROES , A. L. and KINGMA , I. 1995 . Effect of push handle height on net moments and forces on the musculoskeletal system during standardized wheelchair pushing tasks . Prosthetics and Orthotics International , 19 : 188 – 201 .