104
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Observation distance and blinking rate measurement during on-site investigation: new electronic equipment

, , , &
Pages 668-676 | Published online: 10 Nov 2010

References

  • BERGLUND , B. , BRUNEKREEF , B. , KNOPPEL , H. , LINDVALL , T. , MARONI , M. , MOLHAVE , L. and SKOV , P. 1992 . Effects of indoor air pollution on human health . Indoor Air , 2 : 2 – 25 .
  • BERGQVIST , U. 1989 . Possible effects of working with VDU . British Journal of Industrial Medicine , 46 : 217 – 221 .
  • BLACKIE , C. A. and HOWLAND , H. C. 1999 . An extension of an accommodation and convergence model of emmetropization to include the effects of illumination intensity . Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics , 19 ( 2 ) : 112 – 125 .
  • BOUCSEIN , W. Psychophysiology in the computer workplace, goals and methods . Selected Papers of the Third Work With Display Units International Conference . pp. 135 – 140 . Amsterdam : North Holland .
  • BURGE , S. , HEDGE , A. , WILSON , S. , BAS , J. H. and ROBERTSON , A. 1987 . Sick building syndrome: a study of 4373 office workers . Annals of Occupational Hygiene , 31 : 493 – 504 .
  • CARRER , P. , MARONI , M. , ALCINI , D. , CAVALLO , D. , FUSTINONI , S. , LOVATO , L. and VISIGALLI , F. 2000 . “ Assessment through environmental and biological measurement of total daily exposure to volatile organic compounds of office workers in Milan, Italy ” . In Indoor Air 2000 , Copenhagen : Munksgaard International . in press
  • D'ORSO , M. , CAVALLO , D. and DE VITO , G. 1995 . “ Relations between occupational asthenopia and work organization: results of an on-site investigation ” . In Selected Papers of Healthy Buildings 95 , 1431 – 1436 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
  • D'ORSO , M. , ZAMBELLI , P. L. and PIERINI , F. Electronic evaluation of visual work load in VDT/PC operators . Proceedings of the 5th Work With Display Units International Conference . pp. 121 – 122 . Tokyo : Waseda University .
  • DUKE ELDER , W. 1930 . An investigation of the effect upon the eye of occupations involving close work . British Journal of Ophthalmology , 14 : 609 – 615 .
  • FOGARTY , C. and STERN , J. A. 1989 . Eye movement and blinks: their relationship to higher cognitive processes . International Journal of Psychophysiology , 8 : 35 – 42 .
  • FRANCK , C. 1986 . Eye symptoms and signs in buildings with indoor climate problems (office eye syndrome) . Acta Ophthalmologica , 64 : 306 – 311 .
  • GARBER , N. 1999 . Creating stereograms for near point of convergence exercises . Journal of Ophthalmic Nursing and Technology , 18 ( 4 ) : 164 – 169 .
  • GHAHRAMANI , B. 1999 . “ Ergonomic analysis of eye depth perception in a work environment ” . In Advances in Occupational Ergonomics and Safety , Edited by: Lee , G. C. H. 435 – 440 . Amsterdam : IOS Press .
  • GITTING , J. , MARTIN , K. and SHELDRICK , J. 1995 . A line imaging system for measurement of eyelid movement . Physiological Measurement , 16 : 303 – 311 .
  • GOLDSTEIN , G. , COHEN , K. and TRIPOLI , N. Electronically enhanced measures of the eye irritation for use in studying exposure to VOCs . Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate . Helsinki. Vol. 1 , pp. 591 – 596 . Helsinki : Indoor Air 93, Helsinki University of Technology .
  • GRATTON , I. , PICCOLI , B. , ZANIBONI , A. , MERONI , M. and GRIECO , A. 1990 . Change in visual function and viewing distance during work with VDTs . Ergonomics , 33 : 1433 – 1441 .
  • GRAY , L. S. , GILMARTIN , B. and WINN , B. 2000 . Accommodation microfluctuation and pupil size during sustained viewing of Visual Display Terminals . Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics , 20 : 5 – 10 .
  • ISHIKAWA , S. 1990 . Examination of the near triad in VDU operators . Ergonomics , 33 : 787 – 798 .
  • JASCHINSKY-KRUZA , W. 1984 . Transient myopia after visual work . Ergonomics , 27 : 1181 – 1189 .
  • JASCHINSKY-KRUZA , W. 1988 . Visual strain during VDU work: the effect of viewing distance and dark focus . Ergonomics , 27 : 1181 – 1189 .
  • JASCHINSKY-KRUZA , W. 1990 . On the preferred viewing distance to screen and document at VDU workplaces . Ergonomics , 33 : 1055 – 1063 .
  • JIANG , B. C. and WHITE , J. M. 1999 . Effect of accommodative adaptation on static and dynamic accommodation in emmetropia and late-onset myopia . Optometry and Vision Science , 76 ( 5 ) : 295 – 302 .
  • KAY , D. , HEAVNER , D. and NELSON , P. Effects of related humidity on non smoker response to environmental tobacco smoke . Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate 90 . Toronto. Vol. 1 , pp. 275 – 279 . Ottawa, Ontario : Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation .
  • KIAERGARD , S. , MOLHAVE , L. and PEDERSEN , O. Changes in human sensory reactions and eye physiology and performance when exposed to a mixture of 22 indoor air volatile compounds . Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate 90 . Toronto. Vol. 2 , pp. 311 – 320 . Ottawa, Ontario : Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation .
  • METHLING , D. Measurement of visual stress in VDU work procedures . Selected Papers of the 2nd Work With Display Units International Conference . pp. 39 – 46 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
  • MUZI , G. , DELL'OMO , M. , ABBRITTI , G. , ACCATTOLI , P. , FIORE , M. C. and GABRIELLI , A. R. 1998 . Objective assessment of ocular and respiratory alterations in employees in a sick building . American Journal of Industrial Medicine , 34 : 79 – 88 .
  • NAKAISHI , H. and YAMADA , Y. 1999 . Abnormal tear dynamics and symptoms of eye strain in operators of Visual Display Terminals . Occupational Environmental Medicine , 56 : 6 – 9 .
  • NELSON , N. , KAUFMAN , J. , BURT , J. and KARR , C. 1995 . Health symptoms and the work environment in four non-problem United States office buildings . Scandinavian Journal of Environmental Health , 21 : 51 – 59 .
  • NIVEN , R. M. , FLETCHER , A. M. , PICKERING , C. A. C. , FARAGHER , E. B. , POTTER , I. N. , BOOTH , W. B. , JONES , T. J. and POTTER , P. D. R. 2000 . Building Sickness Syndrome in healthy and unhealthy buildings: an epidemiological and environmental assessment with cluster analysis . Occupational Environmental Medicine , 57 : 627 – 634 .
  • PARTON , A. D. , BRADSHAW , M. F. and DE BRUYN , B. 1999 . The design of telepresence systems: the task-dependent use of binocular disparity and motion parallax . International Journal of Cognitive Ergonomics , 3 ( 3 ) : 189 – 202 .
  • PATEL , S. , HENDERSON , H. and BRADLEY , B. 1991 . Effect of VDT use on blink rate and tear stability . Optometry and Vision Science , 68 : 888 – 892 .
  • PICCOLI , B. , TROIANO , P. and D'ORSO , M. Significance and role of working condition analysis in ergophthalmological surveillance of video display unit operators . Selected Papers of the 3rd Work With Display Units International Conference . pp. 263 – 267 . Amsterdam : North Holland .
  • PICCOLI , B. , ZAMBELLI , P. L. and D'ORSO , M. 1996a . Visual fatigue; electronic instrument for the measurement of the observation distance and the blink rate . Ergonomia , 8 : 10 – 16 .
  • PICCOLI , B. , BRAGA , M. , ZAMBELLI , P. L. and BERGAMASCHI , A. 1996b . Viewing distance variation related with ophthalmological changes in office activities with and without VDUs . Ergonomics , 39 : 719 – 728 .
  • ROSE , L. 1987 . Workplace video display terminal and visual fatigue . Journal of Occupational Medicine , 29 : 321 – 324 .
  • STERN , J. A. 1994 . Blink rate: a possible measure of fatigue . Human Factors , 36 : 285 – 297 .
  • TSUBOTA , K. , HATA , S. , OKUSAWA , Y. , EGAMI , F. , OHTSUKI , T. and NAKAMORI , K. 1996 . Quantitative analysis of blinking in normal subjects and patients with dry eye . Archives of Ophthalmology , 114 : 715 – 720 .
  • WIESLANDER , G. , NORBACK , D. , NORDSTROM , K. , WALINDER , R. and VENGE , P. 1999 . Nasal and ocular symptoms, tear film stability and biomarkers in nasal lavage, in relation to building-dampness and building design in hospitals . International Archives of Occupational & Environmental Health , 72 : 451 – 461 .
  • WOLKOFF , P. , JOHNSEN , C. , FRANCK , C. , WILHARDT , P. and ALBRECHTSEN , O. 1992 . A study of human reactions to office machines in a climatic chamber . Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology , 1 : 71 – 96 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.