288
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Walking on ballast impacts balance

, , &
Pages 66-73 | Received 06 Jan 2013, Accepted 21 Sep 2013, Published online: 20 Dec 2013

REFERENCES

  • American National Standard Institute (ANSI) –Standard Terminology. 2003. “Requirements. ANSI Z41-1991.” American National Standards Institute.
  • Andres, R. O., K. G.Holt, and M.Kubo. 2005. “Impact of Railroad Ballast Type on Frontal Plane Ankle Kinematics During Walking.” Applied Ergonomics36 (5): 529–534.
  • Era, P., P.Sainio, S.Koskinen, P.Haavisto, M.Vaara, and A.Aromaa. 2006. “Postural Balance in a Random Sample of 7979 Subjects Aged 30 Years and Over.” Gerontology52: 204–213.
  • FRA (Federal Railroad Association). 1999–2009. “Railroad Safety Statistics: Annual Report: 1998–2008.” United States Department of Transportation. http://www.fra.dot.gov.
  • FRA. 2001. “An Examination of Railroad Yard Worker Safety.” United States Department of Transportation. http://www.fra.dot.gov.
  • Frank, J. S., and M.Earl. 1990. “Coordination of Posture and Movement.” Physical Therapy70: 855–863.
  • Gahery, Y.1987. “Associated Movements, Postural Adjustments and Synergies: Some Comments About the History and Significance of Three Motor Concepts.” Archives of Italian Biology125: 345–360.
  • Horak, F. B., C. L.Shupert, and A.Mirka. 1989. “Components of Postural Dyscontrol in the Elderly: A Review.” Neurobiolology of Aging10 (6): 727–738.
  • Maki, B. E., P. J.Holliday, and A. K.Topper. 1994. “A Prospective Study of Postural Balance and Risk of Falling in an Ambulatory and Independent Elderly Population.” Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences49 (2): M72–M84.
  • Massion, J.1994. “Postural Control System.” Current Opinion Neurobiology4 (6): 877–887.
  • Mello, R. G., L. F.Oliveira, and J.Nadal. 2007. “Anticipation Mechanism in Body Sway Control and Effect of Muscle Fatigue.” Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology17: 739–746.
  • Merryweather, A., B.Yoo, and D.Bloswick. 2011. “Gait Characteristics Associated with Trip-Induced Falls on Level and Sloped Irregular Surfaces.” Mineral1: 109–121.
  • Nardone, A., J.Tarantola, M.Galante, and M.Schieppati. 1998. “Time Course of Stabilometric Changes After a Strenuous Treadmill Exercise.” Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation79: 920–924.
  • Nashner, L. M., F. O.Black, and C.Wall. 1982. “Adaptation to Altered Support and Visual Conditions During Stance: Patients with Vestibular Deficits.” Journal of Neuroscience2: 536–544.
  • Nashner, L. M., and G.McCollum. 1985. “The Organization of Human Postural Movements: A Formal Basis and Experimental Synthesis.” Experimental Brain Science8: 135–172.
  • Redfern, M., and J.DiPasquale. 1997. “Biomechanics of Descending Ramps.” Gait & Posture6 (2): 119–125.
  • Salavati, M., M.Moghadam, I.Ebrahimi, and A. M.Arab. 2007. “Changes in Balance with Fatigue of Lower Extremity Frontal and Sagittal Plane Movers.” Gait & Posture26: 214–218.
  • Simeonov, P. I., H.Hsiao, B. W.Dotson, and D. E.Ammons. 2003. “Control and Perception of Balance at Elevated and Sloped Surfaces.” Human Factors45 (1): 136–147.
  • Sparto, P. J., M.Parnianpour, T. E.Reinsel, and S.Simon. 1997. “The Effect of Fatigue on Multijoint Kinematics, Coordination, and Balance During a Repetitive Lifting Test.” Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy25 (1): 3–12.
  • Springer, B. K., and D. M.Pincivero. 2009. “The Effects of Localized Muscle and Whole-Body Fatigue on Single-Leg Balance Between Healthy Men and Women.” Gait & Posture30: 50–54.
  • Wade, C., and J.Davis. 2008. “Postural Sway Following Prolonged Exposure to an Inclined Surface.” Safety Science47 (5): 652–658.
  • Wade, C., J. C.Garner, M. S.Redfern, R. O.Andres, and J.Roche. 2011. “Impact of Extended Durations to Ballast and Postural Stability.” Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting55 (1): 1047–1051.
  • Wade, C., and M. S.Redfern. 2007. “Ground Reaction Forces During Human Locomotion on Railroad Ballast.” Journal of Applied Biomechanics23 (4): 322–329.
  • Wade, C., M. S.Redfern, R. O.Andres, and S.Breloff. 2010. “Joint Kinetics and Muscle Activity While Walking on Ballast.” Human Factors52: 560–573.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.