Development of a kinematic model to predict finger flexor tendon and subsynovial connective tissue displacement in the carpal tunnel

References

• An, K. N., Y. Ueba, E. Y. Chao, W. P. Cooney, and R. L. Linscheid. 1983. “Tendon Excursion and Moment Arm of Index Finger Muscles.” Journal of Biomechanics 16 (6): 419–425.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armstrong, T. J., and D. B. Chaffin. 1978. “An Investigation of the Relationship Between Displacements of the Finger and Wrist Joints and the Extrinsic Finger Flexor Tendons.” Journal of Biomechanics 11 (3): 119–128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barr, A. E., M. F. Barbe, and B. D. Clark. 2004. “Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Hand and Wrist: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Sensorimotor Changes.” Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 34 (10): 610–627.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bongers, F. J., F. G. Schellevis, W. J. van den Bosch, and J. van der Zee. 2007. “Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in General Practice (1987 and 2001): Incidence and the Role of Occupational and Non-Occupational Factors.” British Journal of General Practice 57 (534): 36–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brand, P. W., K. C. Cranor, and J. C. Ellis. 1975. “Tendon and Pulleys at the Metacarpophalangeal Joint of a Finger.” Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 57A (6): 779–784.
   Google Scholar
• Delp, S. L., F. C. Anderson, A. S. Arnold, P. Loan, A. Habib, C. T. John, E. Guendelman, and D. G. Thelen. 2007. “OpenSim: Open-Source Software to Create and Analyze Dynamic Simulations of Movement.” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 54 (11): 1940–1950.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ettema, A. M., P. C. Amadio, C. Zhao, L. E. Wold, M. M. O'Byrne, S. L. Moran, and K. N. An. 2006a. “Changes in the Functional Structure of the Tenosynovium in Idiopathic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study.” Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 118 (6): 1413–1422.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ettema, A. M., K. N. An, C. Zhao, M. M. O'Byrne, and P. C. Amadio. 2008. “Flexor Tendon and Synovial Gliding During Simultaneous and Single Digit Flexion in Idiopathic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.” Journal of Biomechanics 41 (2): 292–298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ettema, A. M., M. Belohlavek, C. Zhao, S. H. Oh, P. C. Amadio, and K. N. An. 2006b. “High-Resolution Ultrasound Analysis of Subsynovial Connective Tissue in Human Cadaver Carpal Tunnel.” Journal of Orthopaedic Research 24 (10): 2011–2020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franko, O. I., T. M. Winters, T. F. Tirrell, E. R. Hentzen, and R. L. Lieber. 2011. “Moment Arms of the Human Digital Flexors.” Journal of Biomechanics 44 (10): 1987–1990.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrett, J. W. 1970. Anthropometry of the Hands of male Air Force Flight Personnel. Dayton, OH: Aerospace Medical Research Division, United States Air Force.
   Google Scholar
• Gelfman, R., L. J. Melton, B. P. Yawn, P. C. Wollan, P. C. Amadio, and J. C. Stevens. 2009. “Long-Term Trends in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.” Neurology 72 (1): 33–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greiner, T. M. 1991. Hand Anthropometry of U.S. Army Personnel. Natick, MA: Development and Engineering Center, United States Natick Research.
   Google Scholar
• Guimberteau, J. C., J. P. Delage, D. A. McGrouther, and J. K. F. Wong. 2010. “The Microvacuolar System: How Connective Tissue Sliding Works.” Journal of Hand Surgery 35E (8): 614–622.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horii, E., G. T. Lin, W. P. Cooney, R. L. Linscheid, and K. N. An. 1992. “Comparative Flexor Tendon Excursion After Passive Mobilization: An In Vitro Study.” Journal of Hand Surgery 17A (3): 559–566.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keir, P. J., D. M. Cocchiarella, and A. M. Kociolek. 2013. “Development of a Kinematic Hand Model with a Realistic Representation of the Metacarpal Arch.” Paper presented at the XXIV Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics, Natal RN, August 4–9.
   Google Scholar
• Keir, P. J., and D. M. Rempel. 2005. “Pathomechanics of Peripheral Nerve Loading: Evidence in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.” Journal of Hand Therapy 18 (2): 259–269.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Keir, P. J., and R. P. Wells. 1999. “Changes in Geometry of the Finger Flexor Tendons in the Carpal Tunnel with Wrist Posture and Tendon Load: An MRI Study on Normal Wrists.” Clinical Biomechanics 14 (9): 635–645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kociolek, A. M., and P. J. Keir. 2011. “Modelling Tendon Excursions and Moment Arms of the Finger Flexors: Anatomic Fidelity Versus Function.” Journal of Biomechanics 44 (10): 1967–1973.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kociolek, A. M., and P. J. Keir. 2013. “Assessing Flexor Tendon and Subsynovial Connective Tissue Excursion with Colour Doppler Ultrasound.” Paper presented at the XXIV Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics, Natal, August 4–9.
   Google Scholar
• Kociolek, A. M., J. Tat, and P. J. Keir. 2015. “Biomechanical Risk Factors and Flexor Tendon Frictional Work in the Cadaveric Carpal Tunnel.” Journal of Biomechanics 48 (3): 449–455.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korstanje, J. W. H., T. R. Schreuders, J. van der Sijde, S. E. Hovius, J. G. Bosch, and R. W. Selles. 2010. “Ultrasonographic Assessment of Long Finger Tendon Excursion in Zone v During Passive and Active Tendon Gliding Exercises.” Journal of Hand Surgery 35A (4): 559–565.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuo, L. C., F. C. Su, H. Y. Chiu, and C. Y. Yu. 2002. “Feasibility of Using a Video-Based Motion Analysis System for Measuring Thumb Kinematics.” Journal of Biomechanics 35 (11): 1499–1506.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landsmeer, J. M. 1961. “Studies in the Anatomy of Articulation. I. The Equilibrium of the Intercalated Bone.” Acta Morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica 3: 287–303.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lopes, M. M., W. Lawson, T. Scott, and P. J. Keir. 2011. “Tendon and Nerve Excursion in the Carpal Tunnel in Healthy and CTD Wrists.” Clinical Biomechanics 26 (9): 930–936.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manktelow, R. T., P. Binhammer, L. R. Tomat, V. Bril, and J. P. Szalai. 2004. “Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Cross-Sectional and Outcome Study in Ontario Workers.” Journal of Hand Surgery 29A (2): 307–317.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDicken, W. N. 1991. Diagnostic Ultrasonics: Principles and Use of Instruments. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
   Google Scholar
• Moore, A., R. Wells, and D. Ranney. 1991. “Quantifying Exposure in Occupational Manual Tasks with Cumulative Trauma Disorder Potential.” Ergonomics 34 (12): 1433–1453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, J. E., D. E. Treaster, and W. S. Marras. 2000. “Finger Motion, Wrist Motion and Tendon Travel as a Function of Keyboard Angles.” Clinical Biomechanics 15 (7): 489–498.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oh, S., M. Belohlavek, C. Zhao, N. Osamura, M. E. Zobitz, K. N. An, and P. C. Amadio. 2007. “Detection of Differential Gliding Characteristics of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Tendon and Subsynovial Connective Tissue Using Color Doppler Sonographic Imaging.” Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 26 (2): 149–155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osamura, N., C. Zhao, M. E. Zobitz, K. N. An, and P. C. Amadio. 2007a. “Evaluation of the Material Properties of the Subsynovial Connective Tissue in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.” Clinical Biomechanics 22 (9): 999–1003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osamura, N., C. Zhao, M. E. Zobitz, K. N. An, and P. C. Amadio. 2007b. “Permeability of the Subsynovial Connective Tissue in the Human Carpal Tunnel: A Cadaver Study.” Clinical Biomechanics 22 (5): 524–528.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peolsson, M., T. Löfstedt, S. Vogt, H. Stenlund, A. Arndt, and J. Trygg. 2010. “Modelling Human Musculoskeletal Functional Movements Using Ultrasound Imaging.” BMC Medical Imaging 10 (1): 9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tapadia, M., T. Mozaffar, and R. Gupta. 2010. “Compressive Neuropathies of the Upper Extremity: Update on Pathophysiology.” Classification, and Electrodiagnostic Findings. Journal of Hand Surgery 35A (4): 668–677.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tat, J., A. M. Kociolek, and P. J. Keir. 2013. “Repetitive Differential Finger Motion Increases Shear Strain Between the Flexor Tendon and Subsynovial Connective Tissue.” Journal of Orthopaedic Research 31 (10): 1533–1539.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tat, J., A. M. Kociolek, and P. J. Keir. 2014. “Validation of Colour Doppler Ultrasonography for Evaluating Relative Displacement Between Flexor Tendon and Subsynovial Connective Tissue.” Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, Accepted, July 22: 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Treaster, D. E., and W. S. Marras. 2000. “An Assessment of Alternate Keyboards Using Finger Motion, Wrist Motion and Tendon Travel.” Clinical Biomechanics 15 (7): 499–503.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ugbolue, U. C., and A. C. Nicol. 2010. “A Comparison of Two Interventions Designed to Promote Neutral Wrist Postures During Simple Computer Operations.” Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment and Rehabilitation 37 (4): 413–424.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Doesburg, M. H., Y. Yoshii, J. Henderson, H. R. Villarraga, S. L. Moran, and P. C. Amadio. 2012. “Speckle-Tracking Sonographic Assessment of Longitudinal Motion of the Flexor Tendon and Subsynovial Tissue in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.” Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 31 (7): 1091–1098.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanhees, M., Y. Morizaki, A. R. Thoreson, D. Larson, C. Zhao, K. N. An, and P. C. Amadio. 2012. “The Effect of Displacement on the Mechanical Properties of Human Cadaver Subsynovial Connective Tissue.” Journal of Orthopaedic Research 30 (11): 1732–1737.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, G., F. C. T. van der Helm, H. E. J. Veeger, M. Makhsous, P. Van Roy, C. Anglin, J. Nagels, A. R. Karduna, K. McQuade, X. Wang, et al. 2005. “ISB Recommendation on Definitions of Joint Coordinate Systems of Various Joints for the Reporting of Human Joint Motion - Part II: Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist and Hand.” Journal of Biomechanics 38 (5): 981–992.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamaguchi, T., N. Osamura, C. Zhao, K. N. An, and P. C. Amadio. 2008. “Relative Longitudinal Motion of the Finger Flexors, Subsynovial Connective Tissue, and Median Nerve Before and After Carpal Tunnel Release in a Human Cadaver Model.” Journal of Hand Surgery 33 (6): 888–892.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshii, Y., H. R. Villarraga, J. Henderson, C. Zhao, K. N. An, and P. C. Amadio. 2009a. “Speckle Tracking Ultrasound for Assessment of the Relative Motion of Flexor Tendon and Subsynovial Connective Tissue in the Human Carpal Tunnel.” Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 35 (12): 1973–1981.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshii, Y., C. Zhao, J. Henderson, K. D. Zhao, K. N. An, and P. C. Amadio. 2009b. “Shear Strain and Motion of the Subsynovial Connective Tissue and Median Nerve During Single-Digit Motion.” Journal of Hand Surgery 34A (1): 65–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshii, Y., C. Zhao, J. Henderson, K. D. Zhao, K. N. An, and P. C. Amadio. 2011. “Velocity-Dependent Changes in the Relative Motion of the Subsynovial Connective Tissue in the Human Carpal Tunnel.” Journal of Orthopaedic Research 29 (1): 62–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zakaria, D., J. Robertson, J. Koval, J. MacDermid, and K. Hartford. 2004. “Rates of Claims for Cumulative Trauma Disorder of the Upper Extremity in Ontario Workers During 1997.” Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada 25 (1): 22–31.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhao, C., A. M. Ettema, L. J. Berglund, K. N. An, and P. C. Amadio. 2011. “Gliding Resistance of Flexor Tendon Associated with Carpal Tunnel Pressure: A Biomechanical Cadaver Study.” Journal of Orthopaedic Research 29 (1): 58–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar