Systematic review of the relationship between quick returns in rotating shift work and health-related outcomes

References

• Albertsen, K., A. H. Garde, K. Nabe-Nielsen, Å. M. Hansen, H. Lund, and H. Hvid. 2014. “Work-Life Balance among Shift Workers: Results from an Intervention Study about Self-rostering.” International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 87 (3): 265–274. doi:10.1007/s00420-013-0857-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albertsen, K., G. L. Rafnsdóttir, A. Grimsmo, K. Tómasson, and K. Kauppinen. 2008. “Workhours and Worklife Balance.” Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health, no. Suppl 5: 14–21.
   Google Scholar
• Åkerstedt, T. 2003. “Shift Work and Disturbed Sleep/Wakefulness.” Occup Med (Lond) 53: 89–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Åkerstedt, T., G. Kecklund, and A. Knutsson. 1991. “Spectral Analysis of Sleep Electroencephalography in Rotating Three-Shift Work.” Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 17: 330–336.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Axelsson, J., T. Åkerstedt, G. Kecklund, and A. Lowden. 2004. “Tolerance to Shift Work: How Does It Relate to Sleep and Wakefulness?” International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 77 (2): 121–129. doi:10.1007/s00420-003-0482-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baron, K. G., and K. J. Reid. 2014. “Circadian Misalignment and Health.” International Review of Psychiatry 26 (2): 139–154. doi:10.3109/09540261.2014.911149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barton, Jane, and Simon Folkard. 1993. “Advancing versus Delaying Shift Systems.” Ergonomics 36 (1-3): 59–64. doi:10.1080/00140139308967855.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basner, M., K. M. Fomberstein, F. M. Razavi, S. Banks, J. H. William, R. R. Rosa, and D. F. Dinges. 2007. “American Time Use Survey: Sleep Time and Its Relationship to Waking Activities.” Sleep 30: 1085–1095.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broomfield, N. M., A. I. Gumley, and C. A. Espie. 2005. “Candidate Cognitive Processes in Psychophysiologic Insomnia.” Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly 19 (1): 5–17. doi:10.1891/jcop.19.1.5.66328.
   Google Scholar
• Costa, G., M. M. Anelli, G. Castellini, S. Fustinoni, and L. Neri. 2014. “Stress and Sleep in Nurses Employed in “3 × 8” and “2 × 12” Fast Rotating Shift Schedules.” Chronobiology International 12: 1–10.
   Google Scholar
• Costa, G., E. Haus, and R. Stevens. 2010. “Shift Work and Cancer – Considerations on Rationale, Mechanisms, and Epidemiology.” Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health 36 (2): 163–179. doi:10.5271/sjweh.2899.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cruz, C., and P. Della Rocco. 1995. Sleep Patterns in Air Traffic Controllers Working Rapidly Rotating Shifts: A field study. Washington, DC: Federal Aviation Administration, Office of Aviation Medicine.
   Google Scholar
• Cruz, C., C. Detwiler, T. Nesthus, and A. Boquet. 2003. “Clockwise and Counterclockwise Rotating Shifts: Effects on Sleep Duration, Timing, and Quality.” Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine 74 (6): 597–605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Della Rocco, P., and C. Cruz. 1995. Shift Work, Age, and Performance: Investigation of the 2-2-1 Shift Schedule Used in Air Traffic Control Facilities I. The Sleep/Wake Cycle. Washington, DC: Federal Aviation Administration, Office of Aviation Medicine.
   Google Scholar
• Della Rocco, P., and C. Cruz. 1996. Shift Work, Age, and Performance: Investigation of the 2-2-1 Shift Schedule Used in Air Traffic Control Facilities II. Performance. Washington, DC: Federal Aviation Administration, Office of Aviation Medicine.
   Google Scholar
• Edwards, P., M. Clarke, C. DiGuiseppi, S. Pratap, I. Roberts, and R. Wentz. 2002. “Identification of Randomized Controlled Trials in Systematic Reviews: Accuracy and Reliability of Screening Records.” Statistics in Medicine 21 (11): 1635–1640. doi:10.1002/sim.1190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eldevik, M. F., E. Flo, B. E. Moen, S. Pallesen, and B. Bjorvatn. 2013. “Insomnia, Excessive Sleepiness, Excessive Fatigue, Anxiety, Depression and Shift Work Disorder in Nurses Having Less than 11 Hours in-Between Shifts.” PLoS One 8 (8): e70882. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0070882.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Parliament, Council of the European Union. 2003. Directive 2003/88/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003 Concerning Certain Aspects of the Organisation of Working Time. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri = CELEX:32003L0088.
   Google Scholar
• Flo, E., S. Pallesen, N. Magerøy, B. E. Moen, J. Grønli, I. H. Nordhus, and B. Bjorvatn. 2012. “Shift Work Disorder in Nurses: Assessment, Prevalence and Related Health Problems.” PLoS One 7 (4): e33981. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033981.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flo, E., S. Pallesen, B. E. Moen, S. Waage, and B. Bjorvatn. 2014. “Short Rest Periods between Work Shifts Predict Sleep and Health Problems in Nurses at 1-Year Follow-up.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 71 (8): 555–561. doi:10.1136/oemed-2013-102007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gan, Y., C. Yang, X. Tong, H. Sun, Y. Cong, X. Yin, L. Li, et al. 2014. “Shift Work and Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1–7. doi:10.1136/oemed-2014-102150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geiger-Brown, J., A. Trinkoff, and V. E. Rogers. 2011. “The Impact of Work Schedules, Home, and Work Demands on Self-reported Sleep in Registered Nurses.” Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 53 (3): 303–307. doi:10.1097/JOM.0b013e31820c3f87.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haines, V. Y., A. Marchand, V. Rousseau, and A. Demers. 2008. “The Mediating Role of Work-to-Family Conflict in the Relationship between Shiftwork and Depression.” Work Stress 22: 341e56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakola, T., M. Paukkonen, and T. Pohjonen. 2010. “Less Quick Returns: Greater Well-being.” Industrial Health 48 (4): 390–394. doi:10.2486/indhealth.MSSW-02.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Härmä, M., M. Sallinen, R. Ranta, P. Mutanen, and K. J. Muller. 2002. “The Effect of an Irregular Shift System on Sleepiness at Work in Train Drivers and Railway Traffic Controllers.” Journal of Sleep Research 11: 141–151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holdcroft, A. 2007. “Gender Bias in Research: How Does It Affect Evidence-Based Medicine?” Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 100 (1): 2–3. doi:10.1258/jrsm.100.1.2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ILO. 1995. Conditions of Work Digest: Working Time Around the World, Vol. 14. Geneva: ILO.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, J. V., and J. Lipscomb. 2006. “Long Working Hours, Occupational Health and the Changing Nature of Work Organization.” American Journal of Industrial Medicine 49 (11): 921–929. doi:10.1002/ajim.20383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kandolin, I., and O. Huida. 1996. “Individual Flexibility: An Essential Prerequisite in Arranging Shift Schedules for Midwives.” Journal of Nursing Management 4 (4): 213–217. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2834.1996.tb00053.x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Karhula, K., M. Härmä, M. Sallinen, C. Hublin, J. Virkkala, M. Kivimäki, J. Vahtera, and S. Puttonen. 2013. “Association of Job Strain with Working Hours, Shift-dependent Perceived Workload, Sleepiness and Recovery.” Ergonomics 56 (11): 1640–1651. doi:10.1080/00140139.2013.837514.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kecklund, G., and T. Åkerstedt. 1995. “Effects of Timing of Shifts on Sleepiness and Sleep Duration.” Journal of Sleep Research 4: 47–50. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.1995.tb00226.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knauth, P. 1996. “Designing Better Shift Systems.” Applied Ergonomics 27 (1): 39–44. doi:10.1016/0003-6870(95)00044-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knauth, P., E. Kiesswetter, W. Ottman, M. Karvonen, and J. Rutenfranz. 1983. “Time-Budget Studies of Policemen in Weekly or Swiftly Rotating Shift Systems.” Applied Ergonomics 14 (4): 247–252. doi:10.1016/0003-6870(83)90002-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knutsson, A. 2003. “Health Disorders of Shift Workers.” Occupational Medicine 53 (2): 103–108. doi:10.1093/occmed/kqg048.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knutsson, A., and H. Bøggild. 2010. “Gastrointestinal Disorders among Shift Workers.” Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health 36 (2): 85–95. doi:10.5271/sjweh.2897.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurumatani, Norio, Shigeki Koda, Shingo Nakagiri, Akinori Hisashige, Kazuhiro Sakai, Yoshio Saito, Hideyasu Aoyama, Makihiko Dejima, and Tadashige Moriyama. 1994. “The Effects of Frequently Rotating Shiftwork on Sleep and the Family Life of Hospital Nurses.” Ergonomics 37 (6): 995–1007. doi:10.1080/00140139408963713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowden, A., G. Kecklund, J. Axelsson, and T. Åkerstedt. 1998. “Change from an 8-Hour Shift to a 12-Hour Shift, Attitudes, Sleep and Performance.” Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 24 (Suppl 3): 69–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macdonald, I. I., L. Smith, S. L. Lowe, and S. Folkard. 1997. “Effects on Accidents of Time into Shift and of Short Breaks between Shifts.” International Journal of Occupational Medicine 3 (Suppl 2): S40–S45.
   Google Scholar
• Marquié, J. -C., P. Tucker, S. Folkard, C. Gentil, and D. Ansiau. 2015. “Chronic Effects of Shift Work on Cognition: Findings from the VISAT Longitudinal Study.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 72: 258–264. doi:10.1136/oemed-2013-101993.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mateen, F. J., J. Oh, A. I. Tergas, N. H. Bhayani, and B. B. Kamdar. 2013. “Titles versus Titles and Abstracts for Initial Screening of Articles for Systematic Reviews.” Clinical Epidemiology 5: 89–95. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S43118.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Merkus, S. L., A. van Drongelen, K. A. Holte, M. Labriola, T. Lund, W. van Mechelen, and A. J. van der Beek. 2012. “The Association between Shift Work and Sick Leave: A Systematic Review.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 69 (10): 701–712. doi:10.1136/oemed-2011-100488.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monk, T. H., and D. J. Buysse. 2013. “Exposure to Shift Work as a Risk Factor for Diabetes.” Journal of Biological Rhythms 28 (5): 356–359. doi:10.1177/0748730413506557.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P. M., S. B. MacKenzie, J. Y. Lee, and N. P. Podsakoff. 2003. “Common Method Biases in Behavioral Research: A Critical Review of the Literature and Recommended Remedies.” Journal of Applied Psychology 88 (5): 879–903. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rotenberg, L., L. F. Portela, B. Banks, R. H. Griep, F. M. Fischer, and P. Landsbergis. 2008. “A Gender Approach to Work Ability and Its Relationship to Professional and Domestic Work Hours among Nursing Personnel.” Applied Ergonomics 39 (5): 646–652. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2008.02.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruggiero, J. S., and N. S. Redeker. 2014. “Effects of Napping on Sleepiness and Sleep-related Performance Deficits in Night-Shift Workers. A Systematic Review.” Biological Research for Nursing 16 (2): 134–142. doi:10.1177/1099800413476571.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saito, Y., and K. Kogi. 1978. “Psychological Conditions of Working Night and Subsequent Day Shifts with Short Sleep Hours between Them.” Ergonomics 21: 871.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saksvik, I. B., B. Bjorvatn, H. Hetland, G. M. Sandal, and S. Pallesen. 2011. “Individual Differences in Tolerance to Shift Work: A Systematic Review.” Sleep Medicine Reviews 15 (4): 221–235. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2010.07.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sallinen, M., M. Harma, P. Mutanen, R. Ranta, J. Virkkala, and K. Muller. 2003. “Sleep-Wake Rhythm in an Irregular Shift System.” Journal of Sleep Research 12 (2): 103–112. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2869.2003.00346.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sallinen, M., and G. Kecklund. 2010. “Shift Work, Sleep, and Sleepiness: Differences between Shift Schedules and Systems.” Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 36 (2): 121–133. doi:10.5271/sjweh.2900.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder, D., R. Rosa, and L. Witt. 1995. Effects of 8- versus 10-Hour Work Schedules on the Performance/Alertness of Air Traffic Control Specialists. Washington, DC: Federal Aviation Administration, Office of Aviation Medicine.
   Google Scholar
• Schroeder, D. J., R. R. Rosa, and L. A. Witt. 1998. “Some Effects of 8- vs. 10-Hour Work Schedules on the Test Performance/Alertness of Air Traffic Control Specialists.” International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 21 (3-4): 307–321. doi:10.1016/S0169-8141(97)00044-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Signal, T., and Philippa H. Gander. 2007. “Rapid Counterclockwise Shift Rotation in Air Traffic Control: Effects on Sleep and Night Work.” Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine 78: 878–885.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, A. A., L. Rotenberg, and F. M. Fischer. 2011. “Nursing Work Hours: Individual Needs versus Working Conditions.” Revista De Saúde Pública 45: 1117–1126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spencer, M. B., K. A. Robertson, and S. Folkard. 2006. The Development of a Fatigue/Risk Index for Shiftworkers. Research Report 446. London: Health & Safety Executive.
   Google Scholar
• Tucker, P., E. Bejerot, G. Kecklund, G. Aronsson, and T. Åkerstedt. 2015. “The Impact of Work Time Control on Physicians' Sleep and Well-being.” Applied Ergonomics 47: 109–116. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2014.09.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker, P., M. Brown, A. Dahlgren, G. Davies, P. Ebden, S. Folkard, H. Hutchings, and T. Åkerstedt. 2010. “The Impact of Junior Doctors' Worktime Arrangements on Their Fatigue and Well-being.” Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health 36 (6): 458–465. doi:10.5271/sjweh.2985.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker, P., L. Smith, I. Macdonald, and S. Folkard. 2000. “Effects of Direction of Rotation in Continuous and Discontinuous 8 Hour Shift Systems.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 57 (10): 678–684. doi:10.1136/oem.57.10.678.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ursin, R., B. Bjorvatn, and F. Holsten. 2005. “Sleep Duration, Subjective Sleep Need, and Sleep Habits of 40- to 45-Year-Olds in the Hordaland Health Study.” Sleep 28: 1260–1269.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Dongen, H. P. A., G. Maislin, J. M. Mullington, and D. F. Dinges. 2003. “The Cumulative Cost of Additional Wakefulness: Dose-Response Effects on Neurobehavioral Functions and Sleep Physiology from Chronic Sleep Restriction and Total Sleep Deprivation.” Sleep 2: 117–126.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vogel, M., T. Braungardt, W. Meyer, and W. Schneider. 2012. “The Effects of Shift Work on Physical and Mental Health.” Journal of Neural Transmission 119 (10): 1121–1132. doi:10.1007/s00702-012-0800-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vyas, M. V., A. X. Garg, A. V. Iansavichus, J. Costella, A. Donner, L. E. Laugsand, I. Janszky, M. Mrkobrada, G. Parraga, and D. G. Hackam. 2012. “Shift Work and Vascular Events: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.” BMJ 345: e4800. doi:10.1136/bmj.e4800.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, X-S., M. E. G. Armstrong, B. J. Cairns, T. J. Key, and R. C. Travis. 2011. “Shift Work and Chronic Disease: The Epidemiological Evidence.” Occupational Medicine 61 (2): 78–89. doi:10.1093/occmed/kqr001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss, N. S. 1995. “Analytic Approaches for Dealing with Possible Recall Bias in Case-Control Studies: Reply.” American Journal of Epidemiology 141 (4): 299–299. doi:10.1093/aje/141.4.299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar