References
- Azizan, A., M. Fard, M. F. Azari, and R. Jazar. 2017. “Effects of Vibration on Occupant Driving Performance under Simulated Driving Conditions.” Applied Ergonomics 60: 348–355. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2016.12.020.
- Bae, J., and N. Kang. 2018. “Development of a Five-Degree-of-Freedom Seated Human Model and Parametric Studies for Its Vibrational Characteristics.” Shock and Vibration 2018: 1–15. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1649180.
- Basri, B., and M. J. Griffin. 2011a. “The Vibration of Inclined Backrests: Perception and Discomfort of Vibration Applied Parallel to the Back in the z-Axis of the body.” Ergonomics 54 (12): 1214–1227. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2011.624200.
- Basri, B., and M. J. Griffin. 2011b. “The Vibration of Inclined Backrests: Perception and Discomfort of Vibration Applied Normal to the Back in the x-Axis of the Body.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 330 (18–19): 4646–4659. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2011.04.021.
- Basri, B., and M. J. Griffin. 2014. “The Application of SEAT Values for Predicting How Compliant Seats with Backrests Influence Vibration Discomfort.” Applied Ergonomics 45 (6): 1461–1474. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2014.04.004.
- Deboli, R., A. Calvo, and C. Preti. 2017. “Whole-Body Vibration: Measurement of Horizontal and Vertical Transmissibility of an Agricultural Tractor Seat.” International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 58: 69–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2017.02.002.
- Dewangan, K.N., S. Rakheja, P. Marcotte, A. Shahmir, and S.K. Patra. 2013. “Comparisons of Apparent Mass Responses of Human Subjects Seated on Rigid and Elastic Seats under Vertical Vibration.” Ergonomics 56 (12): 1806–1822. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2013.842656.
- Ebe, K., and M. J. Griffin. 2000a. “Qualitative Models of Seat Discomfort Including Static and Dynamic Factors.” Ergonomics 43 (6): 771–790. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/001401300404742.
- Ebe, K., and M. J. Griffin. 2000b. “Quantitative Prediction of Overall Seat Discomfort.” Ergonomics 43 (6): 791–806. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/001401300404751.
- Ebe, K., and M. J. Griffin. 2001. “Factors Affecting Static Seat Cushion Comfort.” Ergonomics 44 (10): 901–921. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00140130110064685.
- Fairley, T. E., and M. J. Griffin. 1989. “The Apparent Mass of the Seated Human Body: Vertical Vibration.” Journal of Biomechanics 22 (2): 81–94. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(89)90031-6.
- Forta, N. G., and M. Schust. 2015. “Perception of Fore-and-Aft Whole-Body Vibration Intensity Measured by Two Methods.” Ergonomics 58 (11): 1800–1812. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2015.1036791.
- Griffin, M. J. 1990. Handbook of Human Vibration. Academic press, London: Academic Press Limited. ISBN 0-12-303040-4.
- Hinz, B., R. Blüthner, G. Menzel, S. Rützel, H. Seidel, and H. P. Wölfel. 2006. “Apparent Mass of Seated Men – Determination with Single– and Multi–Axis Excitations at Different Magnitudes.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 298 (3): 788–809. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2006.06.020.
- Jalil, N. A. A., and M. J. Griffin. 2007. “Fore-and-Aft Transmissibility of Backrests: Effect of Backrest Inclination, Seat-Pan Inclination, and Measurement Location.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 299 (1-2): 99–108. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2006.06.053.
- Holmlund, P., R. Lundstrom, and L. Lindberg. 2000. “Mechanical Impedance of the Human Body in Vertical Direction.” Applied Ergonomics 31 (4): 415–422. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-6870(99)00063-0.
- Ji, X., T. R. Eger, and J. P. Dickey. 2017. “Evaluation of the Vibration Attenuation Properties of an Air-Inflated Cushion with Two Different Heavy Machinery Seats in Multi-Axis Vibration Environments Including Jolts.” Applied Ergonomics 59 (Pt A): 293–301. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2016.06.011.
- Kato, K., and H. Toshimichi. 1998. “The Effect of Backrest Angles on Discomfort Caused by Fore-and-Aft Back Vibration.” Industrial Health 36 (2): 107–111. doi:https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.36.107.
- Kim, J. H., L. S. Marin, and J. T. Dennerlein. 2018. “Evaluation of Commercially Available Seat Suspensions to Reduce Whole Body Vibration Exposures in Mining Heavy Equipment Vehicle Operators.” Applied Ergonomics 71: 78–86. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2018.04.003.
- Kitazaki, S., and M. J. Griffin. 1997. “A Modal Analysis of Whole-Body Vertical Vibration Using a Finite Element Model of the Human Body.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 200 (1): 83–103. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.1996.0674.
- Kitazaki, S., and M. J. Griffin. 1998. “Resonance Behaviour of the Seated Human Body and Effects of Posture.” Journal of Biomechanics 31 (2): 143–149. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(97)00126-7.
- Kolich, M., S. D. Essenmacher, and J. T. McEvoy. 2005. “Automotive Seating: The Effect of Foam Physical Properties on Occupied Vertical Vibration Transmissibility.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 281 (1–2): 409–416. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2004.03.058.
- Krumm, D., S. Schwanitz, and S. Odenwald. 2020. “Seat Cushions Made of Warp Knitted Spacer Fabrics Influence Seat Transmissibility.” Applied Ergonomics 86: 103099. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103099.
- Liu, C. 2016. “Localised Biodynamic Responses of the Seated Human Body During Excitation by Vertical Vibration.” PhD thesis, University of Southampton, Southampton.
- Mansfield, N. J., and S. Maeda. 2006. “Comparison of the Apparent Masses and Cross-Axis Apparent Masses of Seated Humans Exposed to Single- and Dual-Axis Whole-Body Vibration.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 298 (3): 841–853. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2006.06.017.
- Mansfield, N., G. Sammonds, and N. Linh. 2015. “Driver Discomfort in Vehicle Seats – Effect of Changing Road Conditions and Seat Foam Composition.” Applied Ergonomics 50: 153–159. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2015.03.010.
- Matsumoto, Y., and M. J. Griffin. 2001. “Modelling the Dynamic Mechanisms Associated with the Principal Resonance of the Seated Human Body.” Clinical Biomechanics 16: S31–S44. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0268-0033(00)00099-1.
- Matsumoto, Y., and M.J. Griffin. 2002. “Effect of Muscle Tension on Non-Linearities in the Apparent Mass of Seated Subjects Exposed to Vertical Whole-Body Vibration.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 253 (1): 77–92. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.2001.4250.
- Nawayseh, N., and M. J. Griffin. 2004. “Tri-Axial Forces at the Seat and Backrest during Whole-Body Vertical Vibration.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 277 (1–2): 309–326. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2003.09.048.
- Nawayseh, N., and M. J. Griffin. 2005. “Effect of Seat Surface Angle on Forces at the Seat Surface during Whole-Body Vertical Vibration.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 284 (3–5): 613–634. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2004.06.038.
- Paddan, G. S., S. R. Holmes, N. J. Mansfield, H. Hutchinson, C. I. Arrowsmith, S. K. King, R. J. M. Jones, and A. N. Rimell. 2012. “The Influence of Seat Backrest Angle on Human Performance during Whole-Body Vibration.” Ergonomics 55 (1): 114–128. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2011.634030.
- Paddan, G. S., N. J. Mansfield, C. I. Arrowsmith, A. N. Rimell, S. K. King, and S. R. Holmes. 2012. “The Influence of Seat Backrest Angle on Perceived Discomfort during Exposure to Vertical Whole-Body Vibration.” Ergonomics 55 (8): 923–936. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2012.684889.
- Shin, K., and J. Hammond. 2008. Fundamentals of Signal Processing for Sound and Vibration Engineers. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.
- Rakheja, S., I. Stiharu, H. Zhang, and P. E. Boileau. 2006. “Seated Occupant Interactions with Seat Backrest and Pan, and Biodynamic Responses under Vertical Vibration.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 298 (3): 651–671. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2006.06.025.
- Rezali, K. A. M., and M. J. Griffin. 2018. “Transmission of Vibration through Glove Materials: effects of Contact Force.” Ergonomics 61 (9): 1246–1258. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2018.1462407.
- Toward, M. G. R., and M. J. Griffin. 2009. “Apparent Mass of the Human Body in the Vertical Direction: Effect of Seat Backrest.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 327 (3–5): 657–669. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2009.07.012.
- Toward, M. G. R., and M. J. Griffin. 2011. “The Transmission of Vertical Vibration through Seats: Influence of the Characteristics of the Human Body.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 330 (26): 6526–6543. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2011.07.033.
- Tufano, S., and M. J. Griffin. 2013. “Nonlinearity in the Vertical Transmissibility of Seating: The Role of the Human Body Apparent Mass and Seat Dynamic Stiffness.” Vehicle System Dynamics 51 (1): 122–138. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2012.715652.
- Vink, P., and D. Lips. 2017. “Sensitivity of the Human Back and Buttocks: The Missing Link in Comfort Seat Design.” Applied Ergonomics 58: 287–292. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2016.07.004.
- Wang, W., S. Rakheja, and P. E. Boileau. 2004. “Effects of Sitting Postures on Biodynamic Response of Seated Occupants under Vertical Vibration.” International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 34 (4): 289–306. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2004.04.009.
- Wei, L., and M. J. Griffin. 1998. “The Prediction of Seat Transmissibility from Measures of Seat Impedance.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 214 (1): 121–137. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.1998.1540.
- Zhang, X., Y. Qiu, and M. J. Griffin. 2013. Static and dynamic stiffness of the cushion of a car seat. Presented at the 48th United Kingdom Conference on Human Response to Vibration, held at Sunningdale Park, Ascot, England, 16–18 September 2013.
- Zhang, X., Y. Qiu, and M. J. Griffin. 2015. “Developing a Simplified Finite Element Model of a Car Seat with Occupant for Predicting Vibration Transmissibility in the Vertical Direction.” Ergonomics 58 (7): 1220–1231. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2015.1005165.
- Zhang, X., Y. Qiu, and M. J. Griffin. 2016. “Transmission of Fore-and-Aft Vibration to the Seat Pan, the Backrest and the Headrest of a Car Seat.” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 230 (6): 736–744. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407015592765.
- Zheng, G., Y. Qiu, and M. J. Griffin. 2011. “An Analytic Model of the in-Line and Cross-Axis Apparent Mass of the Seated Human Body Exposed to Vertical Vibration with and without a Backrest.” Journal of Sound and Vibration 330 (26): 6509–6525. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2011.06.026.