Impact of fire protective equipment and the self-contained breathing apparatus on peak exercise in males and females

References

• Ansdell, P., K. Thomas, K. M. Hicks, S. Hunter, G. Howatson, and S. Goodall. 2020. “Physiological sex Differences Affect the Integrative Response to Exercise: Acute and Chronic Implications.” Experimental physiology 105 (12): 2007–2021. doi:10.1113/EP088548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barr, D., W. Gregson, and T. Reilly. 2010. “The thermal Ergonomics of Firefighting Reviewed.” Applied ergonomics 41 (1): 161–172. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2009.07.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borg, G. A. 1982. “Psychological bases of Perceived Exertion.” Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise 14: 377–381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brushlinsky, N. N., M. Ahrens, S. V. Solokov, and P. Wagner. 2017. “World Fire Statistics.” International Association of Fire and Rescue Services.
   Google Scholar
• Butcher, S. J., R. L. Jones, J. R. Mayne, T. C. Hartley, and S. R. Petersen. 2007. “Impaired exercise Ventilatory Mechanics with the Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus Are Improved with Heliox.” European journal of Applied Physiology 101 (6): 659–669. doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0541-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (CSEP). 1998. The Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness and Lifestyle Approach. Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology: Ottawa, ON.
   Google Scholar
• Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (CSEP). 2019. The Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness and Lifestyle Approach. Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology: Ottawa, ON.
   Google Scholar
• Cheung, S. S., S. R. Petersen, and T. M. McLellan. 2010. “Physiological strain and Countermeasures with Firefighting.” Scandinavian Journal of Medicine Science and Sports 20 (supplemental 3): 103–116.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Crapo, R. O., A. H. Morris, and R. M. Gardner. 1981. “Reference spirometric Values Using Techniques and Equipment That Meet ATS Recommendations.” The American Review of Respiratory Disease 123 (6): 659–664. doi:10.1164/arrd.1981.123.6.659.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dreger, R. W., R. L. Jones, and S. R. Petersen. 2006. “Effects of the Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus and Fire Protective Clothing on Maximal Oxygen Uptake.” Ergonomics 49 (10): 911–920. doi:10.1080/00140130600667451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dreger, R. W., and S. R. Petersen. 2007. “Oxygen cost of the CF-DND Fire Fit Test in Males and Females.” Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism 32: 454–462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dreger, R. W., and S. R. Petersen. 2008. “Impact of Fire-Protective Equipment on Peak Exercise in Males and Females.” Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism 33 (supplemental 1): S29.
   Google Scholar
• Durnin, J. V. G. A, and J. Womersley. 1974. “Body fat Assessed from Total Body Density and Its Estimation from Skinfold Thickness: Measurements on 481 Men and Women Aged from 16 to 72 Years.” The British Journal of Nutrition 32 (1): 77–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eves, N. D., S. R. Petersen, and R. L. Jones. 2002. “Hyperoxia improves Maximal Exercise with the Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA).” Ergonomics 45 (12): 829–839.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eves, N. D., S. R. Petersen, and R. L. Jones. 2005. “The influence of Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) on Ventilatory Function and Incremental Exercise.” Canadian journal of Applied Physiology 30 (5): 507–519.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Graham, B. L., I. Steenbruggen, M. R. Miller, I. Z. Barjaktarevic, B. G. Cooper, G. L. Hall, T. S. Hallstrand, D. A. Kaminsky, K. McCarthy, M. C. McCormack, C. E. Oropez, M. Rosenfeld, S. Stanojevic, M. P. Swanney, and B. R. Thompson. 2019. “Standardization of Spirometry 2019 Update. An Official American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society Technical Statement.” American journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 200 (8): e70–e88. doi:10.1164/rccm.201908-1590ST.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hostler, D., and D. R. Pendergast. 2018. “Respiratory responses during Exercise in Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus among Firefighters and Nonfirefighters.” Safety and Health at Work 9 (4): 468–472. doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2018.02.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirlin, L. K., J. F. Nichols, K. Rusk, R. A. Parker, and M. J. Rauh. 2017. “The effect of Age on Fitness among Female Firefighters.” Occupational Medicine 67: 528–533.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, J. Y., I. Bakri, J. H. Kim, S. Y. Son, and Y. Tochihara. 2013. “The impact of Firefighter Personal Protective Equipment and Treadmill Protocol on Maximal Oxygen Uptake.” Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 10 (7): 397–407. doi:10.1080/15459624.2013.792681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J., Y. Wang, R. Jiang, and J. Li. 2022. “Quantifying self-Contained Breathing Apparatus on Physiology and Psychological Responses during Firefighting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 22: 1–13. doi:10.1080/10803548.2021.2024020..
   Google Scholar
• Louhevaara, V. A. 1984. “Physiological effects Associated with the Use of Respiratory Protective Devices. A Review.” Scandinavian Journal of Work and Environmental Health 10: 275–281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Louhevaara, V., R. Ilmarinen, B. Griefahn, C. Kunemund, and H. Makinen. 1995. “Maximal physical Work Performance with European Standard Based Fire-Protective Clothing System and Equipment in Relation to Individual Characteristics.” European journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology 71 (2–3): 223–229. doi:10.1007/BF00854982.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Louhevaara, V. A., J. Smolander, O. Korhonen, and T. Tuomi. 1986. “Maximal working Times with a Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus.” Ergonomics 29 (1): 77–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lusa, S., V. Louhevaara, and K. Kinnunen. 1994. “Are the Job Demands on Physical Work Capacity Equal for Young and Aging Firefighters?” Journal of Occupational Medicine 36: 70–74.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mayne, J. R., M. J. Haykowsky, M. D. Nelson, T. C. Hartley, S. J. Butcher, R. L. Jones, and S. R. Petersen. 2009. “Effects of the Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus on Left-Ventricular Function at Rest and during Graded Exercise.” Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism 34 (4): 625–631.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, K. J., J. T. Penry, and K. B. Gunter. 2014. “Development of a Walking Aerobic Capacity Test for Structural Firefighters.” Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 28 (8): 2346–2352. doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000000433.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan, W., and P. Raven. 1985. “Prediction of Distress for Individuals Wearing Industrial Respirators.” American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 46 (7): 363–368.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, M. D., M. J. Haykowsky, J. R. Mayne, R. L. Jones, and S. R. Petersen. 2009. “Effects of Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus on Ventricular Function during Strenuous Exercise.” Journal of Applied Physiology 106 (2): 395–402. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.91193.2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patton, J. F., T. E. Bidwell, M. M. Murphy, R. P. Mello, and M. E. Harp. 1995. “Energy cost of Wearing Chemical Protective Clothing during Progressive Treadmill Walking.” Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine 66 (3): 238–242.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Perroni, F., L. Guidetti, L. Cignitti, and C. Baldari. 2015. “Absolute vs. weight-Related Maximum Oxygen Uptake in Firefighters: Fitness Evaluation with and without Protective Clothing and Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus among Age Group.” PLoS One 10 (3): e0119757. doi:10.1371/journalpone.0119757.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips, D. B., C. M. Ehnes, M. K. Stickland, and S. R. Petersen. 2018. “Ventilatory responses in Males and Females during Graded Exercise with and without Thoracic Load Carriage.” European Journal of Applied Physiology 19: 441–453.
   Google Scholar
• Phillips, D. B., M. K. Stickland, and S. R. Petersen. 2016. “Physiological and Performance Consequences of Heavy Thoracic Load Carriage in Females.” Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism 41: 741–748.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shephard, R. J., and J. Bonneau. 2002. “Assuring gender Equity in Recruitment Standards for Police Officers.” Canadian journal of Applied Physiology 27 (3): 263–295. doi:10.1139/h02-016.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Siddall, A. G., R. D. M. Stevenson, P. F. J. Turner, K. A. Stokes, and J. L. J. Bilzon. 2016. “Development of Role-Related Minimum Cardiorespiratory Fitness Standards for Firefighters and Commanders.” Ergonomics 59 (10): 1335–1343. doi:10.1080/00140139.2015.1135997.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siri, W. E. 1956. “The gross Composition of the Body.” Advances in Biological and Medical Physics 4: 239–280. doi:10.1016/b978-1-4832-3110-5.50011-x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sun, X. G., J. E. Hansen, N. Garatachea, T. W. Storer, and K. Wasserman. 2002. “Ventilatory efficiency during Exercise in Healthy Subjects.” American journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 166 (11): 1443–1448. doi:10.1164/rccm.2202033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, N. A. S., H. H. K. Fullagar, B. J. Mott, J. A. Sampson, and H. Groeller. 2015. “Employment standards for Australiana Urban Firefighters Part 1: The Essential, Physically Demanding Tasks.” Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 57: 1063–1071.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, N. A., M. C. Lewis, S. R. Notley, and G. E. Peoples. 2012. “A fractionation of the Physiological Burden of the Personal Protective Equipment Worn by Firefighters.” European journal of Applied Physiology 112 (8): 2913–2921. doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2267-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Heimburg, Erna, and Jon Ingulf Medbø. 2013. “Energy cost of the Trondheim Firefighter Test for Experienced Firefighters.” International journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 19 (2): 211–225. doi:10.1080/10803548.2013.11076980.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar