References
- Agyeman, J. 2013. Introducing Just Sustainabilities: Policy, Planning, and Practice. New York: Zed Books.
- Alta Planning and Design. 2018. Salt Lake City Foothill Trail System Plan. Prepared for Salt Lake City Parks and Public Lands. http://www.slcdocs.com/openspace/Foothill%20Trail%20System%20Plan/FoothillsTrailSystemPlan.pdf.
- Altschuler, B., and M. Brownlee. 2016. Perceptions of Climate Change on the Island of Providencia. Local Environment 21(5):615–635. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2015.1004165.
- Amelung, B., S. Nicholls, and D. Viner. 2007. Implications of Global Climate Change for Tourism Flows and Seasonality. Journal of Travel Research 45(3):285–296. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287506295937.
- An, R., and X. Xan. 2015. Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Leisure-time Physical Inactivity among US Adults. Public Health 129:1637–1644. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2015.07.017.
- Arnberger, A., W. Haider, and C. Brandenburg. 2005. Evaluating Visitor-monitoring Techniques: A Comparison of Counting and Video Observation Data. Environmental Management 36:317–327. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-004-8201-6.
- Becken, S., and J. Wilson. 2013. The Impacts of Weather on Tourist Travel. Tourism Geographies 15(4):620–639. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2012.762541.
- Berkes, F., J. Colding, and C. Folke. 2003. Navigating Social-ecological Systems: Building Resilience for Complexity and Change. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
- Bresnahan, B. W., M. Dickie, and S. Gerking. 1997. Averting Behavior and Urban Air Pollution. Land Economics 73(3):340–357. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/3147172.
- Brownlee, M., and R. Gochenaur. 2014. Recreation Use Assessment of the NHMU Parcel of the Bonneville Shoreline Trail. Technical report submitted to the Natural History Museum of Utah.
- Brunson, M. W., and B. Shelby. 1993. Recreation Substitutability: A Research Agenda. Leisure Sciences 15:64–74. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01490409309513187.
- Chaney, R. A., C. D. Sloan, V. C. Cooper, D. R. Robinson, N. R. Hendrickson, T. A. McCord, and J. D. Johnston. 2017. Personal Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution while Commuting: An Examination of Six Transport Modes on an Urban Arterial Roadway. PLoS ONE 12(11):e0188053. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188053.
- Collins, T., and S. Grineski. 2019. Environmental Injustice and Religion: Outdoor Air Pollution Disparities in Metropolitan Salt Lake City, Utah. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 109(5):1597–1617. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2018.1546568.
- Crompton, J. L. 1979. Motivations for Pleasure Vacation. Annals of Tourism Research 6:408–424. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5.
- D’Antonio, A., C. Monz, N. Larson, and A. Rohman. 2016. An Application of Recreation Resource Assessment Techniques to Inform Management Action in an Urban-proximate Natural Area. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 14:12–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2016.04.002.
- De Groot, R., M. Wilson, and R. Boumans. 2002. A Typology for Classification, Description, and Valuation of Ecosystem Functions, Goods, and Services. Ecological Economics 41:393–408. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00089-7.
- Fairfax, R. J., R. Downling, and V. J. Nedler. 2014. The Use of Infrared Sensors and Digital Cameras for Documenting Visitor Use Patterns: A Case Study from D’Aguilar National Park, South-east Queensland, Australia. Current Issues in Tourism 17(1):72–83. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2012.714749.
- Fisichelli, N. A., G. W. Schuurman, W. B. Monahan, and P. S. Ziesler. 2015. Protected Area Tourism in a Changing Climate: Will Visitation at U.S. National Parks Warm up or Overheat? PLoS ONE 10(6):1–13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128226.
- Freitas, C. D., S. Daniel, and M. Geoff. 2008. A Second-Generation Climate Index for Tourism (CIT): Specification and Verification. International Journal of Biometeorology 52(5):399–407. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-007-0134-3.
- Görner, T., and M. Čihař. 2011. Seasonal Differences in Visitor Perceptions: A Comparative Study of Three Mountainous National Parks in Central Europe. Journal of Environmental Protection 02(October):1046–1054. doi:https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2011.28120.
- Greenberg, S., and T. Godin. 2015. A Tool Supporting the Extraction of Angling Effort Data from Remote Camera Images. Fisheries 40(6):276–287. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2015.1038380.
- Greer, K., K. Day, and S. Mccutcheon. 2017. Efficacy and Perception of Trail Use Enforcement in an Urban Natural Reserve in San Diego, California. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 18:56–64. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2017.02.002.
- Hamilton, J. M., and M. A. Lau. 2006. The Role of Climate Information in Tourist Destination Choice Decision Making. In Tourism and Global Environmental Change: Ecological, Economic, Social and Political Interrelationships, edited by S. Gossling and C. M. Hall, 229–250. New York, N.Y.: Routledge.
- Hammitt, W., D. Cole, and C. Monz. 2015. Wildland Recreation: Ecology and Management. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.
- Harrison, J. T., M. N. Kochert, B. P. Pauli, and J. A. Heath. 2019. Using Motion-activated Trail Cameras to Study Diet and Productivity of Cliff-nesting Golden Eagles. Journal of Raptor Research 53(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr-18-26.
- Hining, K. J., and J. M. Rash. 2016. Use of Trail Cameras to Assess Angler Use of Two Remote Trout Streams in North Carolina. Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 3:89–96.
- Keiser, D., G. Lade, and I. Rudik. 2018. Air Pollution and Visitation at U.S. National Parks. Science Advances 4(7):1–6. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat1613.
- Kemp-Spangler, D. 2019. Utah’s Air: Double Punch of Ozone and Wildfires This Summer. Utah Department of Environmental Quality. https://deq.utah.gov/communication/news/utahs-air-compare-summer.
- Lai, P., Y. Hsu, and S. Wearing. 2016. A Social Representation Approach to Facilitating Adaptive Co-management in Mountain Destinations Managed for Conservation and Recreation. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 24(2):227–244. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2015.1062018.
- Lancaster, D., P. Dearden, D. R. Haggarty, J. P. Volpe, and N. C. Ban. 2017. Effectiveness of Shore-based Remote Camera Monitoring for Quantifying Recreational Fisher Compliance in Marine Conservation Areas. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 27(4):804–813. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.2736.
- Leach, M., I. Scoones, and A. Stirling. 2010. Dynamic Sustainabilities: Technology, Environment, Social Justice. London: Earthscan Publications.
- Marshall, N. A., R. C. Tobin, P. A. Marshall, M. Gooch, and A. J. Hobday. 2013. Social Vulnerability of Marine Resource Users to Extreme Weather Events. Ecosystems 16:797–809. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-013-9651-6.
- Miller, A. B., Y. Leung, and R. Kays. 2017. Coupling Visitor and Wildlife Monitoring in Protected Areas Using Camera Traps. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 17:44–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2016.09.007.
- Mitchell, L. E., E. T. Crosman, A. A. Jaques, B. Fasoli, L. Leclair-Marzolf, J. Horel, D. Bowling, J. Ehleringer, and J. Lin. 2018. Monitoring of Greenhouse Gases and Pollutants across an Urban Area Using a Light-rail Public Transit Platform. Atmospheric Environment 187:9–23. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.05.044.
- Modugno, S., H. Balzter, B. Cole, and P. Borrelli. 2016. Mapping Regional Patterns of Large Forest Fires in Wildland-urban Interface Areas in Europe. Journal of Environmental Management 172(1):112–126. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.02.013.
- Moreno, A., and B. Amelung. 2009. Climate Change and Tourist Comfort on Europe’s Beaches in Summer: A Reassessment. Coastal Management 37(6):550–568. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/08920750903054997.
- Noonan, D. S. 2014. Smoggy with a Chance of Altruism: The Effects of Ozone Alerts on Outdoor Recreation and Driving in Atlanta. Policy Studies Journal 24(1):122–144. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/psj.12045.
- Ostrom, E. 2007. A Diagnostic Approach for Going beyond Panaceas. PNAS 104(39):15181–15187. doi:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0702288104.
- ——— 2009. A General Framework for Analyzing Sustainability of Social-ecological Systems. Science 325(5939):419–422. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1172133.
- Perry, E., R. E. Manning, X. Xiao, W. Valiere, and N. Reigner. 2018. Social Climate Change: Advancing Extirpation of Snowmobiles in Vermont. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration 36:1–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.18666/JPRA-2018-V36-I2-8307.
- Petrosillo, I., G. Zurlini, M. Corliano, N. Zaccarelli, and M. Dadamo. 2007. Tourist Perception of Recreational Environment and Management in a Marine Protected Area. Landscape and Urban Planning 79(1):29–37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2006.02.017.
- Poudyal, N. C., B. Paudel, and G. T. Green. 2013. Estimating the Impact of Impaired Visibility on the Demand for Visits to National Parks. Tourism Economics 19(2):433–452. doi:https://doi.org/10.5367/te.2013.0204.
- Radeloff, V., D. Helmers, A. Kramer, M. Mockrin, P. Alexandre, A. Bar-Massada, V. Butsic, T. Hawbaker, S. Martinuzzi, A. Syphard, and S. Stewart. 2018. Rapid Growth of the U.S. Wildland-urban Interface Raises Wildfire Risk. PNAS 115(13):3314–3319. doi:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1718850115.
- Redman, C., M. Grove, and L. Kuby. 2004. Integrating Social Science into the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network: Social Dimensions of Ecological Change and Ecological Dimensions of Social Change. Ecosystems 7(2):161–171. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-003-0215-z.
- Rigolon, A., M. Browning, and V. Jennings. 2018. Inequities in the Quality of Urban Park Systems: An Environmental Justice Investigation of Cities in the United States. Landscape and Urban Planning 178:156–169. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.05.026.
- Rose, J., and A. Cachelin. 2018. Critical Sustainability: Incorporating Critical Theories into Contested Sustainabilities. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences 8(4):84–98. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s13412-018-0502-9.
- Rosselló-Nadal, J. 2014. How to Evaluate the Effects of Climate Change on Tourism. Tourism Management 42:334–340. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.11.006.
- Salt Lake City. 2019. Salt Lake City Foothills Trail System Plan. Salt Lake City Parks & Public Lands. http://www.slcdocs.com/council/WebDoc/Foothills_Trails_Master_Plan/Sept2019.pdf.
- Sandbrook, C., R. Luque-Lora, and W. Adams. 2018. Human Bycatch: Conservation Surveillance and the Social Implications of Camera Traps. Conservation and Society 16(4):493. doi:https://doi.org/10.4103/cs.cs_17_165.
- Scott, D., B. Amelung, S. Becken, J.-P. Ceron, G. Dubois, S. Gössling, P. Peeters, and M. C. Simpson. 2008a. Climate Change and Tourism: Responding to Global Challenges. Madrid: World Tourism Organization and United Nations Environment Programme.
- Scott, D., J. Dawson, and B. Jones. 2008b. Climate Change Vulnerability of the U.S. Northeast Winter Recreation-tourism Sector. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 13(5–6):577–596. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-007-9136-z.
- Scott, D., S. Gossling, and C. R. De Freitas. 2008c. Preferred Climates for Tourism: Case Studies from Canada, New Zealand and Sweden. Climate Research 38:61–73. doi:https://doi.org/10.3354/cr00774.
- Seymour, M. 2012. Just Sustainability in Urban Parks. Local Environment 17(2):167–185. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2011.646968.
- Shendell, D. G., M. M. Rawling, A. Bohlke, B. Edwards, S. A. Rico, J. Felix, S. Eaton, S. Moen, E. Roberts, and M. B. Love. 2007. The Outdoor Air Quality Flag Program in Central California: A School-based Educational Intervention to Potentially Help Reduce Children’s Exposure to Environmental Asthma Triggers. Journal of Environmental Health 70(3):28–31.
- Simpson, G. 2018. Use of a Public Fishing Area Determined by Vehicle Counters with Verification by Trail Cameras. Natural Resources 09(5):188–197. doi:https://doi.org/10.4236/nr.2018.95012.
- Smiley, K., T. Sharma, A. Steinberg, S. Hodges-Copple, E. Jacobson, and L. Matveeva. 2016. More Inclusive Parks Planning: Park Quality and Preferences for Park Access and Amenities. Environmental Justice 9(1):1–7. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/env.2015.0030.
- Smith, J. W., E. Wilkins, R. Gayle, and C. C. Lamborn. 2018. Climate and Visitation to Utah’s ‘Mighty 5ʹ National Parks. Tourism Geographies 20(2):250–272. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1437767.
- Sunger, N., S. Teske, S. Nappier, and C. Haas. 2012. Recreational Use Assessment of Water-based Activities, Using Time-lapse Construction Cameras. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 22:281–290. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2012.4.
- Templeton, G. F., and L. L. Burney. 2017. Using a Two-step Transformation to Address Non-normality from a Business Value of Information Technology Perspective. Journal of Information Systems 31(2):149–164. doi:https://doi.org/10.2308/isys-51510.
- Tribby, C. P., H. J. Miller, Y. Song, and K. R. Smith. 2013. Do Air Quality Alerts Reduce Traffic? An Analysis of Traffic Data from the Salt Lake City Metropolitan Area, Utah, USA. Transport Policy 30:173–185. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2013.09.012.
- Verbos, R. I., B. Altschuler, and M. T. J. Brownlee. 2018. Weather Studies in Outdoor Recreation and Nature-based Tourism: A Research Synthesis and Gap Analysis. Leisure Sciences 40(6):1–24. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2017.1325794.
- Verbos, R. I., and M. T. J. Brownlee. 2017. The Weather Dependency Framework (WDF): A Tool for Assessing the Weather Dependency of Outdoor Recreation Activities. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 18:88–99. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2017.02.005.
- Ward, H., M. Allen, E. Camp, N. Cole, L. Hunt, B. Matthias, J. Post, K. Wilson, and R. Arlinghaus. 2016. Understanding and Managing Social-ecological Feedbacks in Spatially Structured Recreational Fisheries: The Overlooked Behavioral Dimension. Fisheries 41(9):524–535. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2016.1207632.
- Winter, P., S. Selen, L. Cerveny, and K. Bricker. 2020. Outdoor Recreation, Nature-based Tourism, and Sustainability. Sustainability 12:81. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su12010081.
- Wolch, J., and J. Zhang. 2004. Beach Recreation, Cultural Diversity and Attitudes toward Nature. Journal of Leisure Research 36(3):414–443. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2004.11950030.
- Zajchowski, C., K. Baker, J. Rose, and M. Brownlee. 2020b. A Test on the Effect of Place Attachment on Crowding Norms for Hikers. Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education and Leadership 12(3):349–356. doi:https://doi.org/10.18666/JOREL-2020-V12-I3-10140.
- Zajchowski, C., and M. Brownlee. 2018. Combining Environmental Values with Perceptions of Infrastructure Development – The Management Options Matrix. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 23:44–50. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2018.07.007.
- Zajchowski, C., M. Brownlee, M. Blacketer, B. Peterson, and B. Bowen. 2020a. Rapid Biophysical Change and Visitor Use Management: Social-ecological Connections at the Bonneville Salt Flats. Environmental Management 66:263–277. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-020-01309-1.
- Zajchowski, C., M. Brownlee, M. Blacketer, J. Rose, D. Rumore, J. Watson, and D. Dustin. 2019b. “Can You Take Me Higher?”: Normative Thresholds for Air Quality in the Salt Lake City Metropolitan Area. Journal of Leisure Research 50(2):157–180. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2018.1560238.
- Zajchowski, C., M. Brownlee, and J. Rose. 2018. Air Quality and the Visitor Experience in Parks and Protected Areas. Tourism Geographies 21(4):613–634. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1522546.
- Zajchowski, C., and J. Rose. 2020. Sensitive Leisure: Writing the Lived Experience of Air Pollution. Leisure Sciences 42(1):1–14. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2018.1448026.
- Zajchowski, C., D. Tysor, M. Brownlee, and J. Rose. 2019a. Air Quality and Visitor Behavior in U.S. Protected Areas. Human Ecology 47(1):1–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-019-0046-y.
- Zhang, H., and J. Smith. 2018. Weather and Air Quality Drive the Winter Use of Utah’s Big and Little Cottonwood Canyons. Sustainability 10:1–12.