References

  • Addie, J.-P. D., R. Keil, and K. Olds. 2015. Beyond Town and Gown: Universities, Territoriality and the Mobilization of New Urban Structures in Canada. Territory, Politics, Governance 3 (1):27–50. 10.1080/21622671.2014.924875
  • Allahwala, A., S. Bunce, L. Beagrie, S. Brail, T. Hawthorne, S. Levesque, J. V. Mahs, and B. S. Visano. 2013. Building and Sustaining Community-University Partnerships in Marginalized Urban Areas. The Journal of Geography 112 (2):43–57. 10.1080/00221341.2012.692702
  • Audretsch, D. B. 2018. Entrepreneurship, Economic Growth, and Geography. Oxford Review of Economic Policy 34 (4):637–651. 10.1093/oxrep/gry011
  • Bagchi‐Sen, S., and H. L. Smith. 2012. The Role of the University as an Agent of Regional Economic Development. Geography Compass 6 (7):439–453. 10.1111/j.1749-8198.2012.00497.x
  • Bates, T. 2006. The Urban Development Potential of Black-Owned Businesses. Journal of the American Planning Association 72 (2):227–237. 10.1080/01944360608976741
  • Bates, T., W. D. Bradford, and R. Seamans. 2018. Minority Entrepreneurship in Twenty-First Century America. Small Business Economics 50 (3):415–427. 10.1007/s11187-017-9883-5
  • Bates, T., J. Farhat, and C. Casey. 2022. The Economic Development Potential of Minority-Owned Businesses. Economic Development Quarterly 36 (1):43–56. 10.1177/08912424211032273
  • Baum, H. S. 2000. Fantasies and Realities in University-Community Partnerships. Journal of Planning Education and Research 20 (2):234–246. 10.1177/0739456X0002000208
  • Béchard, J.-P., and D. Grégoire. 2005. Entrepreneurship Education Research Revisited: The Case of Higher Education. Academy of Management Learning & Education 4 (1):22–43. 10.5465/amle.2005.16132536
  • Bedő, Z., K. Erdős, and L. Pittaway. 2020. University-Centred Entrepreneurial Ecosystems in Resource-Constrained Contexts. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 27 (7):1149–1166. 10.1108/JSBED-02-2020-0060
  • Benneworth, P., and B. W. Jongbloed. 2010. Who Matters to Universities? A Stakeholder Perspective on Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Valorisation. Higher Education 59 (5):567–588. 10.1007/s10734-009-9265-2
  • Blenker, P., S. Korsgaard, H. Neergaard, and C. Thrane. 2011. The Questions We Care About: Paradigms and Progression in Entrepreneurship Education. Industry and Higher Education 25 (6):417–427. 10.5367/ihe.2011.0065
  • Bringle, R. G., and J. A. Hatcher. 2002. Campus–Community Partnerships: The Terms of Engagement. Journal of Social Issues 58 (3):503–516. 10.1111/1540-4560.00273
  • Casey, C. 2012. Low-Wealth Minority Enterprises and Access to Financial Resources for Start-Up Activities: Do Connections Matter? Economic Development Quarterly 26 (3):252–266. 10.1177/0891242412452446
  • Chacko, E. 2007. From Brain Drain to Brain Gain: Reverse Migration to Bangalore and Hyderabad, India’s Globalizing High Tech Cities. GeoJournal 68 (2–3):131–140. 10.1007/s10708-007-9078-8
  • Connor, D. S., M. P. Gutmann, A. R. Cunningham, K. K. Clement, and S. Leyk. 2019. How Entrenched is the Spatial Structure of Inequality in Cities? Evidence from the Integration of Census and Housing Data for Denver from 1940 to 2016. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 110 (4):1022–1039. 10.1080/24694452.2019.1667218
  • Drucker, J. 2016. Reconsidering the Regional Economic Development Impacts of Higher Education Institutions in the United States. Regional Studies 50 (7):1185–1202. 10.1080/00343404.2014.986083
  • Ehlenz, M. M. 2018. Defining University Anchor Institution Strategies: Comparing Theory to Practice. Planning Theory & Practice 19 (1):74–92. 10.1080/14649357.2017.1406980
  • Ehlenz, M. M. 2019. Gown, Town, and Neighborhood Change: An Examination of Urban Neighborhoods with University Revitalization Efforts. Journal of Planning Education and Research 39 (3):285–299. 10.1177/0739456X17739111
  • Etzkowitz, H., and L. Leydesdorff. 2000. The Dynamics of Innovation: From National Systems and “Mode 2” to a Triple Helix of University–Industry–Government Relations. Research Policy 29 (2):109–123. 10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00055-4
  • Fairlie, R., and A. M. Robb. 2008. Race and Entrepreneurial Success. Cambridge, MA. The.[Is there more to be added here?
  • Feld, B. 2020. Startup Communities: Building an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem in Your City. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  • GIID. 2023. Why Governance Matters: An Analysis on How Innovation Districts ‘Organize for Success’. The Global Institute on Innovation Districts (Blog). https://www.giid.org/why-innovation-districts-need-effective-governance/.
  • Goddard, J., and P. Vallance. 2013. The University and the City. New York: Routledge.
  • Harper-Anderson, E. 2019. Contemporary Black Entrepreneurship in the Professional Service Sector of Chicago: Intersections of Race, Entrepreneurship, and Economic Transformation. Urban Affairs Review 55 (3):800–831. 10.1177/1078087417712035
  • Hazelkorn, E., and A. Gibson. 2019. Public Goods and Public Policy: What is Public Good, and Who and What Decides? Higher Education 78 (2):257–271. 10.1007/s10734-018-0341-3
  • Hodges, R. A., and S. Dubb. 2012. The Road Half Traveled: University Engagement at a Crossroads. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press.
  • Isenberg, D. J. 2010. How to Start an Entrepreneurial Revolution. Harvard Business Review 88(6):40–50.
  • Jongbloed, B., J. Enders, and C. Salerno. 2008. Higher Education and Its Communities: Interconnections, Interdependencies and a Research Agenda. Higher Education 56 (3):303–324. 10.1007/s10734-008-9128-2
  • Link, A. N., and J. T. Scott. 2003. The Growth of Research Triangle Park. Small Business Economics 20 (2):167–175. 10.1023/A:1022216116063
  • Liu, C. Y., J. Miller, and Q. Wang. 2014. Ethnic Enterprises and Community Development. GeoJournal 79 (5):565–576. 10.1007/s10708-013-9513-y
  • Malecki, E. J. 2018. Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Ecosystems. Geography Compass 12 (3):e12359. 10.1111/gec3.12359
  • Mapes, J., D. Kaplan, V. K. Turner, and C. Willer. 2017. Building ‘College Town’: Economic Redevelopment and the Construction of Community. Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 32 (7):601–616. 10.1177/0269094217734324
  • Menzel, M.-P., M. P. Feldman, and T. Broekel. 2017. Institutional Change and Network Evolution: Explorative and Exploitative Tie Formations of Co-Inventors During the Dot-Com Bubble in the Research Triangle Region. Regional Studies 51 (8):1179–1191. 10.1080/00343404.2016.1278300
  • Motoyama, Y., and K. Knowlton. 2016. From Resource Munificence to Ecosystem Integration: The Case of Government Sponsorship in St. Louis. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 28 (5–6):448–470. 10.1080/08985626.2016.1186749
  • O’Brien, E., T. M. Cooney, and P. Blenker. 2019. Expanding University Entrepreneurial Ecosystems to Under-Represented Communities. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 8 (3):384–407. 10.1108/JEPP-03-2019-0025
  • Pugh, R., E. Hamilton, S. Jack, and A. Gibbons. 2016. A Step into the Unknown: Universities and the Governance of Regional Economic Development. European Planning Studies 24 (7):1357–1373. 10.1080/09654313.2016.1173201
  • Qian, H., and Z. J. Acs. 2022. Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Economic Development Policy. Economic Development Quarterly 37(1):96–102 December 10.1177/08912424221142853
  • Rauch, A., and W. Hulsink. 2015. Putting Entrepreneurship Education Where the Intention to Act Lies: An Investigation into the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial behavior. Academy of Management Learning & Education 14 (2):187–204. 10.5465/amle.2012.0293
  • Rubin, J. S. 2010. Venture Capital and Underserved Communities. Urban Affairs Review 45 (6):821–835. 10.1177/1078087410361574
  • Russo, A. P., L. V. D. Berg, and M. Lavanga. 2007. Toward a Sustainable Relationship Between City and University: A Stakeholdership Approach. Journal of Planning Education & Research 27 (2):199–216. 10.1177/0739456X07307208
  • Solomon, G. 2007. An Examination of Entrepreneurship Education in the United States. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development l (2):168–182. 10.1108/14626000710746637
  • Spicer, J. S., and E. Casper-Futterman. 2020. Conceptualizing US Community Economic Development: Evidence from New York City. Journal of Planning Education & Research 0739456X2092907010.1177/0739456X20929070
  • Spigel, B. 2017. The Relational Organization of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 41 (1):49–72. 10.1111/etap.12167
  • Wang, Q. 2021. Higher Education Institutions and Entrepreneurship in Underserved Communities. Higher Education 81 (6):1273–1291. 10.1007/s10734-020-00611-5
  • Wang, Q 2022. Planning for an Inclusive Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: COVID-19 and Business Resilience in Underserved Communities. Journal of the American Planning Association 1–1510.1080/01944363.2022.2105740
  • Zhuang, Z. C. 2021. The Negotiation of Space and Rights: Suburban Planning with Diversity. Urban Planning 6 (2):113–126. 10.17645/up.v6i2.3790