324
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Subduction and collision processes between the North China and South China blocks constrained by the geochronology and geochemistry of the Wuguan Complex in the Qinling orogen, China

, , , &
Pages 1538-1554 | Received 29 Aug 2018, Accepted 17 Aug 2019, Published online: 29 Aug 2019

References

  • Ames, L., Zhou, G., and Xiong, B., 1996, Geochronology and isotopic character of ultrahigh pressure metamorphism with implications for collision of the Sino-Korean and Yangtze Cratons, central China: Tectonics, v. 15, p. 472–489. doi:10.1029/95TC02552.
  • Bhatia, M.R., and Crook, K.A.W., 1986, Trace element characteristics of greywackes and tectonic setting discrimination of sedimentary basins: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 92, p. 181–193. doi:10.1007/BF00375292.
  • Blatt, H., Middleton, G., and Murray, R., 1980, Origion of Sedimentary Rocks: New Jersey, Prentice-Hall.
  • Boynton, W.V., 1984, Cosmochemistry of the rare earth elements: Meteorite studies, in Henderson, P., ed., Rare earth element geochemistry: Amsterdam, Elsevier. 63–114pp.
  • Cao, H.H., Li, S.Z., Zhao, S.J., Yu, S., Li, X.Y., and Somerville, I.D., 2016, Detrital zircon geochronology of neoproterozoic to early paleozoic sedimentary rocks in the North qinling orogenic belt: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the Kuanping Ocean: Precambrian Research, v. 279, p. 1–16.
  • Chen, D.L., Liu, L., Sun, Y., Zhang, A.D., Liu, X.M., and Luo, J.H., 2004, LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating for high-pressure basic granulite from North qinling and its geological significance: Chinese Science Bulletin, v. 49, p. 2296–2304. doi:10.1360/03wd0544.
  • Chen, J.L., 2008. Petrogenesis and orogenic processes of early-paleozoic volcanic rocks in the Western segment of the North Qinling orogenci belt, Central China Ph.D Thesse, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan (192 pp.). in Chinese.
  • Chen, L.Y., Liu, X.C., Qu, W., and Hu, J., 2014a, U-Pb zircon ages and geochemistry of the Wuguan complex in the Qinling orogen, central China: implications for the LatePaleozoic tectonic evolution between the Sino-Kroean and Yangtze cratons: Lithos, v. 7, p. 192–207. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2014.01.014.
  • Chen, L.Y., Luo, Y.L., Liu, X.C., Qu, W., and Hu, J., 2014b, LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology of detrital zircons from the liuling group in the South Qinling tectonic belt and its tectonic significance: Geological Bulletin of China, v. 33, no. 9, p. 1363–1378. [ in Chinese and English abstract].
  • Chen, M., Sun, M., Cai, K., Buslov, M.M., Zhao, G., and Rubanova, E.S., 2014c, Geochemical study of the Cambrian–Ordovician meta-sedimentary rocks from the northern Altai-Mongolian terrane, northwestern central asian orogenic belt: Implications on the provenance and tectonic setting: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 96, p. 69–83. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.08.028.
  • Cox, R., Lowe, D.R., and Cullers, R.L., 1995, The influence of sediment recycling and basement composition on evolution of mudrock chemistry in the southwestern United States: Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, v. 59, p. 2919–2940. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(95)00185-9.
  • Dai, L.Q., Zhao, Z.F., and Zheng, Y.F., 2015, Tectonic development from oceanic subduction to continental collision: Geochemical evidence from postcollisional mafic rocks in the Hong’an–Dabie orogens: Gondwana Research, v. 27, p. 1236–1254. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2013.12.005.
  • Dai, L.Q., Zhao, Z.F., Zheng, Y.F., and Zheng, F., 2017, Geochemical distinction between carbonate and silicate metasomatism in generating the mantle sources of alkali basalts: Journal of Petrology, v. 58, p. 863–884.
  • Dai, L.Q., Zheng, F., Zhao, Z.F., and Zheng, Y.F., 2018, Geochemical insights into the lithology of mantle sources for Cenozoic alkali basalts in West Qinling, China: Lithos, v. 302–303, p. 86–98.
  • Diwu, C.R., Sun, Y., Liu, L., Zhang, C.L., and Wang, H.L., 2010, The disintegration of kuanping group in North Qinling orogenic belts and Neo-proterozoic N-MORB: Acta Petrologica Sinica, v. 26, p. 2025–2038. [in Chinese with English abstract].
  • Dong, Y., Genser, J., Neubauer, F., Zhang, G., Liu, X., Yang, Z., and Heberer, B., 2011c, U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar geochronological constraints on the exhumation history of the North Qinling terrane, China: Gondwana Research, v. 19, p. 881–893. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.09.007.
  • Dong, Y., Liu, X., Neubauer, F., Zhang, G., Tao, N., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., and Li, W., 2013, Timing of paleozoic amalgamation between the North China and South China blocks: evidence from detrital zircon U-Pb ages: Tectonophysics, v. 586, p. 173–191. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2012.11.018.
  • Dong, Y., and Santosh, M., 2016, Tectonic architecture and multiple orogeny of the Qinling orogenic belt, central China: Gondwana Research, v. 29, p. 1–40. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2015.06.009.
  • Dong, Y., Zhang, G., Hauzenberger, C., Neubauer, F., Yang, Z., and Liu, X., 2011a, Palaeozoic tec- tonics and evolutionary history of the Qinling orogen: Evidence from geochemistry and geochronology of ophiolite and related volcanic rocks: Lithos, v. 122, p. 39–56. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2010.11.011.
  • Dong, Y., Zhang, G., Neubauer, F., Liu, X., Genser, J., and Hauzenberger, C., 2011b, Tectonic evolution of the Qinling orogen, China: Review and synthesis: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 41, p. 213–237. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.03.002.
  • Dong, Y.P., Liu, X.M. Zhang, G.W., Chen, Q., Zhang, X.N., Li, W., and Yang, C., 2012, Triassic diorites and granitoids in the foping area: constraints on the conversion from sub- duction to collision in the Qinling orogen, China: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 47, p. 123–142. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.06.005
  • Du, D., 1986, Research on the Devonian system of the Qin-Ba region within the territory of Shaanxi: Xi’an, Jiaotang university publishing house, [ in Chinese].
  • Dunlap, W.J., Hirth, G., and Teyssier, C., 1997, Thermomechanical evolution of a ductile duplex: Tectonics, v. 16, p. 983–1000. doi:10.1029/97TC00614.
  • Enkin, R.J., Yang, Z., Chen, Y., and Courtillot, V., 1992, Paleomagnetic constraints on the geodynamic history of the major blocks of China fromPermian to the present: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 97, p. 13953–13989. doi:10.1029/92JB00648.
  • Faure, M., Lin, W., Monié, P., and Meffre, S., 2008, Paleozoic collision between the North and South China Blocks, Triassic intracontinental tectonics, and the problem of the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism: Comptes Rendus Geosciences (C.R. Acad. Sciences Paris), v. 340, p. 139–150. doi:10.1016/j.crte.2007.10.007.
  • Gao, S., Zhang, B.R., Gu, X.M., Xie, X.L., and Gao, C.L., 1995, Silurian-Devonian provenance changes of South Qinling basins: implications for accretion of the Yangtze (South China) to the North China cratons: Tectonophysics, v. 250, p. 183–197. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(95)00051-5.
  • Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., and Liou, J.G., 2004, Subduction, collision and exhumation in the Ultrahigh-Pressure Qinling-Dabie Orogen, in Malpas, J., Fletcher, C.J.N., Ali, J.R., and Aitchison, J.C., eds., Aspects of the Tectonic Evolution of China VolumeVol. 226: London, Geological Society, 157–175pp. [ Special Publications].
  • Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., Webb, L., Ireland, T., Walker, D., and Dong, S.W., 1998, U/Pb zircon ages constrain the architecture of the ultrahigh-pressure Qinling-Dabie Orogen, China: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 161, p. 215–230. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00152-6.
  • Hames, W.E., and Bowring, S.A., 1994, An empirical evaluation of the argon diffusion geometry in muscovite: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 124, p. 161–169. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(94)00079-4.
  • Hayashi, K.I., Fujisawa, H., Holland, H.D., and Ohmoto, H., 1997, Geochemistry of ~1.9 Ga sedimentary rocks from northeastern Labrador, Canada: Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, v. 61, p. 4115–4137.
  • Jordan, T.E., 1995, Retroarc foreland and related basins, in Busby, C.J., and Ingersoll, R.V., eds., Tectonics of Sedimentary Basins: Blackwell Science, Boston, p. 331–362.
  • Kelemen, P.B., Hanghøj, K., and Greene, A.R., 2003, One view of the geochemistry of subduction-related magmatic arcs, with an emphasis on primitive andesite and lower crust: Treatise on Geochemistry, v. 3, p. 593–659.
  • Kemp, A.I.S., and Hawkesworth, C.J., 2003, Granitic perspectives on the generation and secular evolution of the continental crust: Treatise on Geochemistry, v. 3, p. 349–410.
  • Kröner, A., Zhang, G.W., Zhuo, D.W., and Sun, Y., 1993, Granulites in the Tongbai area, Qinling belt, China: geochemistry, petrology, single zircon geochronology and implications for tectonic evolution of eastern Asia: Tectonics, v. 12, p. 245–255. doi:10.1029/92TC01788.
  • Li, J.H., Song, C.Z., Ren, S.L., Wang, Z., TU, W.C., Zhang, H., and Zhang, H.R., 2011, Discussion on the deformation and metamorphic conditions of rocks on the shangnan part of the Shang-Dan Tectonic Belt, Qinling Orogen: Geological Review, v. 57, p. 641–649. [ in Chinese with English abstract].
  • Li, J.Z., Cao, X.Y., and Yang, J.L., 1994, The sedimentation and evolutionary history of phanerozoic Ocean Basin in the Qinling: Beijing, Geology Press, p. 1–206. [ in Chinese].
  • Li, S.G., Xiao, Y.L., Liou, D.L., Chen, Y.Z., Ge, N.J., Zhang, Z.Q., Sun, S.S., Cong, B.L., Zhang, R.Y., Hart, S.R., and Wang, S.S., 1993, Collision of the North China and Yangtze blocks and formation of coesite-bearing eclogites: timing and processes: Chemical Geology, v. 109, p. 89–111. doi:10.1016/0009-2541(93)90063-O.
  • Li, S.Z., Jahn, B.M., Zhao, S.J., Dai, L.M., Li, X.Y., Suo, Y.H., Guo, L.L., Wang, Y.M., Liu, X.C., Lan, H.Y., Zhou, Z.Z., Zheng, Q.L., and Wang, P.C., 2017a, Triassic southeastward subduction of North China block to South China Block: Insights from new geological, geophysical and geochemical data: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 166, p. 270–285. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.01.009.
  • Li, S.Z., Kusky, T.M., Wang, L., Zhang, G.W., Lai, S.C., Liu, X.C., Dong, S.W., and Zhao, G.C., 2007, Collision leading to multiple-stage large-scale extrusion in the Qinling orogen: insights from the Mianlue suture: Gondwana Research, v. 12, no. 1–2, p. 121–143. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2006.11.011.
  • Li, S.Z., Zhao, S.J., Liu, X., Cao, H.H., Yu, S., Li, X.Y., Somerville, I., Yu, S.Y., and Suo, Y.H., 2018, Closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean and early paleozoic amalgamation of microcontinental blocks in East Asia: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 186, p. 37–75. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.01.011.
  • Li, Z.Y., Pei, X.Z., Li, R.B., Li, Z.C., Pei, L., Liu, C.J., Chen, Y.X., Wang, M., and Gao, F., 2017b, Detrital zircon U-Pb ages and geological significances of meta-sedimentary rocks from Wuguan group in the Shangnan area of east Qinling: Northwestern Geology, v. 50, no. 1, p. 151–164. [ in Chinese and English abstract].
  • Liu, F.L., Gerdes, A., and Xue, H.M., 2009, Differential subduction and exhumation of crustal slices in the Sulu HP-UHP metamorphic terrane: insights from mineral inclusions, trace elements, U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotope analyses of zircon in orthogneiss: Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 27, p. 805–825. doi:10.1111/jmg.2009.27.issue-9.
  • Liu, L., Zhou, D.W., Wang, Y., Chen, D.L., and Liu, Y., 1996, Study and implication of the highpressure felsic granulite in the Qinling complex of East Qinling: Science in China (series D), v. 39, p. 60–68.
  • Liu, X.C., Jahn, B.M., Hu, J., Li, S.Z., Liu, X., and Song, B., 2011, Metamorphic patterns and SHRIMP zircon ages of medium-to-high grade rocks fromthe Tongbai orogen, central China: implications for multiple accretion/collision processes prior to terminal continental collision: Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 29, p. 979–1002. doi:10.1111/j.1525-1314.2011.00952.x.
  • Liu, X.C., Jahn, B.M., Li, S.Z., and Liu, Y.S., 2013, U–Pb Zircon age and geochemical constraints on tectonic evolution of the Paleozoic accretionary orogenic system in the Tongbai orogen, central China: Tectonophysics, v. 29, p. 233–249.
  • Ludwig, K.R., 2003, User’s Manual for Isoplot 3.00. A geochronological toolkit for microsoft excel: Special Publication, No. 4a. Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, CA.
  • Mattauer, M., Matte, P., Malavieille, J., Tapponnier, P., Maluski, H., Qin, X.Z., Lun, L.Y., and Qin, T.Y., 1985, Tectonis of the Qinling belt: building-up and evolution of eastern Asia: Nature, v. 317, p. 496–500. doi:10.1038/317496a0.
  • McLennan, S.M., Hemming, S.R., McDaniel, D.K., and Hanson, G.N., 1993, Geochemical approaches to sedimentation, provenance and tectonics, in Johnsson, M.J., and Basu, A., eds., Processes controlling the composition of clastic sediments: Geological Society of America Special Paper, USA, p. 21–40.
  • Mei, Z.C., Meng, Q.R., Cui, Z.L., and Qu, H.J., 1999, Devonian depositional system and palaeogeographic evolution of Qinling orogenic belt: Journal of Palaeogeography, v. 1, p. 32–40.
  • Meng, Q.R., 1994, Late paleozoic sedimentation, basin development and tectonics of the Qinling Orogenic Belt: Xi’an, Northwest University, p. 1–172. [ in Chinese].
  • Meng, Q.R., and Zhang, G.W., 2000, Geologic framework and tectonic evolution of the Qinling orogen, central China: Tectonophysics, v. 323, p. 183–196. doi:10.1016/S0040-1951(00)00106-2.
  • Niu, B., Liu, Z., and Ren, J., 1993, The tectonic relationship between the Qinling Mountains and Tongbai - Dabie Mountains with notes on the tectonic evolution of the Hehuai Basin: Bulletin Chinese Academy of Sciences, v. 26, p. 1–12. [ in Chinese with English abstract].
  • Niu, H.J., 1995, The redivision of liuling group in eastern Qinling area of central China: Scientia Geologica Sinica, v. 30, p. 313–320. [ in Chinese with English abstract].
  • Okay, A.I., and Sengör, A.M.C., 1993, Tectonics of an ultra-high pressure metamorphic terrane: the Dabie Shan-Tongbai Shan orogen, China: Tectonics, v. 12, p. 1320–1334. doi:10.1029/93TC01544.
  • Pei, X.Z., Ed., 1997, Composition and tectonic evolution of the shangdan structural zone in the East Qinling, China: Xi’an, Cartographic Publishing House, p. 1–184. [ in Chinese].
  • Pettijohn, F.J., Potter, P.E., and Siever, R., 1987, Sand and Sandstone.Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
  • Ratschbacher, L., Hacker, B.R., Calvert, A., Webb, L.E., Grimmer, J.C., Mcwilliams, M.O., Ireland, T., Dong, S., and Hu, J., 2003, Tectonics of the Qinling (Central China): tectonostratigraphy, geochronology, and deformation history: Tectonophysics, v. 366, p. 1–53. doi:10.1016/S0040-1951(03)00053-2.
  • Roser, B.P., Cooper, R.A., Nathan, S., and Tulloch, A.J., 1996, Reconnaissance sandstone geochemistry, provenance, and tectonic setting of the lower Paleozoic terranes of the West Coast and Nelson, New Zealand: New Zealand Journal of Geology Geophysics, v. 39, p. 1–16. doi:10.1080/00288306.1996.9514690.
  • Roser, B.P., and Korsch, R.J., 1986, Determination of tectonic setting of sandstone-mudstone suites using SiO2 content and K2O/Na2O ratio: The Journal of Geology, v. 94, p. 635–650. doi:10.1086/629071.
  • Rudnick, R., and Gao, S., 2003, Composition of the continental crust: Treatise on Geochemistry, v. 3, p. 1–64.
  • Şengör, A.M.C., 1985, East Asian tectonic collage: Nature, v. 318, p. 16–17. doi:10.1038/318016a0.
  • Shi, Y., Yu, J.H., Xu, X.S., Qiu, J.S., and Chen, L.H., 2009, Geochronology and geochemistry of the qinling group in the eastern Qinling orogenci belt: Acta Petrologica Sinica, v. 25, p. 2651–2670.
  • Sun, W.D., Li, S.G., Sun, Y., Zhang, G.W., and Zhang, Z.Q., 1996, Chronology and geochemistry of a lava pillow in the erlangping group at Xixia in the northern Qinling Mountains: Geology Reviews, v. 42, p. 144–153.
  • Taylor, S.R., and McLennan, S.M., 1985, The continental crust: Its composition and evolution: Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publications, p. 1–312.
  • Wang, T., Wang, X.X., Tian, W., Zhang, C.L., Li, W.P., and Li, S., 2009a, North Qinling Paleozoic granite associations and their variation in space and time: implications for orogenic processes in the orogens of central China: Science in China Series D, v. 52, p. 1359–1384. doi:10.1007/s11430-009-0129-5.
  • Wang, X.X., Wang, T., and Zhang, C.L., 2013, Neoproterozoic, Paleozoic, and Mesozoic granitoid magmatism in the Qinling Orogen, China: Constraints on orogenic process: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 72, p. 129–151. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.11.037.
  • Wang, Y., and Li, H.M., 2008, Initial formation and Mesozoic tectonic exhumation of an intracontinental tectonic belt of the northern part of the Taihang Mountain belt, eastern Asia: The Journal of Geology, v. 116, p. 155–172. doi:10.1086/529153.
  • Wang, Y., Zhang, X.M., Wang, E., Zhang, J.F., Li, Q., and Sun, G.H., 2005, 40Ar/39Ar thermochronological evidence for formation and Mesozoic evolution of the northern-central segment of the Altyn Tagh fault system in the northern Tibetan Plateau: GSA Bulletin, v. 117, p. 1336–1346. doi:10.1130/B25685.1.
  • Wang, Z., Yan, Q., Yan, Z., Wang, T., Jiang, C., Gao, L., Li, Q., Chen, J., Zhang, Y., Liu, P., Xie, C., and Xiang, Z., 2009b, New division of the main tectonic units of the Qinling oeogenic belt, central China: Acta Geologica Sinica, v. 83, p. 1527–1546.
  • Wu, Y.B., and Zheng, Y.F., 2013, Tectonic evolution of a composite collision orogen: an overview on the Qinling-Tongbai-Hong’an-Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt in central China: Gondwana Research, v. 23, p. 1402–1428. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2012.09.007.
  • Xu, Z.Q., Lu, Y.L., Tang, Y.Q., and Zhang, Z.T., Eds., 1988, Formation of the composite eastern Qinling chains: Beijing, China Environmental Science Press, p. 93. [ in Chinese].
  • Xue, F., Lerch, F., Kröner, A., and Reischmann, T., 1996, Tectonic evolution of the East Qinling Mountains, China, in the Palaeozoic: a review and new tectonic model: Tectonophysics, v. 253, p. 271–284. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(95)00060-7.
  • Yan, J., Liu, J.M., Li, Q.Z., Xing, G.F., Liu, X.Q., Xie, J.C., Chu, X.Q., and Chen, Z.H., 2015, In situ zircon Hf–O isotopic analyses of late Mesozoic magmatic rocks in the Lower Yangtze river belt, central eastern China: Implications for petrogenesis and geodynamic evolution: Lithos, v. 227, p. 57–76. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2015.03.013.
  • Yan, Q.R., Wang, Z.Q., Yan, Z., Wang, T., Chen, J.L., Xiang, Z.J., Zhang, Z.Q., and Jiang, C.F., 2008, Origin, age and tectonic implications of metamafic rocks in the kuanping group of the Qinling orogenic belt, China: Geological Bulletin of China, v. 27, p. 1475–1492.
  • Yan, Z., Fu, C., Wang, Z., Yan, Q., Chen, L., and Chen, J., 2016, Late Paleozoic subduction-accretion along the southernmargin of the North Qinling terrane, central China: Evidence from zircon U-Pb dating and geochemistry of the Wuguan Complex: Gondwana Research, v. 30, p. 97–111.
  • Yan, Z., Wang, Z., Wang, T., Yan, Q., Xiao, W., Li, J., Han, F., and Chen, J., 2007, Tectonic setting of Devonian sediment s in the Qinling orogen: constraints from detrital modes and geochemistry of clastic rocks: Acta Petrologica Sinica, v. 23, p. 1023–1042. [ in Chinese with English abstract].
  • Yan, Z., Wang, Z.Q., Chen, J.L., Yan, Q.R., Wang, T., and Zhang, Y.L., 2009, Geochemistry and SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating of amphibolites from the danfeng group in the Wuguan area, North Qinling terrane and their tectonic significance: Acta Geologica Sinica, v. 84, p. 1633–1646.
  • Yan, Z., Wang, Z.Q., Yan, Q.R., Wang, T., and Guo, X.Q., 2012, Geochemical constraints on the provenance and depositional setting of the devonian liuling group, East Qinling mountains, central China: implications for the tectonic evolution of the Qinling orogenic belt: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 82, p. 9–20. doi:10.2110/jsr.2012.4.
  • Yang, Z.Y., Ma, X.H., Xing, L.S., Xu, S.J., and Zhang, J.X., 1992, Jurassic paleomagnetic constraints on the collision of the North and South China blocks: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 19, p. 577–580.
  • Ye, K., Cong, B.L., and Ye, D.N., 2000, The possible subduction of continental material to depths greater than 200 km: Nature, v. 407, p. 734–736. doi:10.1038/35037566.
  • You, Z., Suo, S., Han, Y., Zhong, Z., and Chen, N., 1991. The major characteristics of the metamorphic complex of the Qinling orogenic belt and their implication of the construction of the eastern Qinling continental crust. In: Ye, L., Qian, X., and Zhang, G. (Eds.), A Selection of Papers Presented at the Conference on the Qinling Orogenic Belt. Northwest University Press, Xi’an, pp. 1–14.
  • Yu, Z., and Meng, Q., 1995, Late Paleozoic sedimentary and tectonic evolution of the Shangdan suture zone, eastern Qinling, China: Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Science, v. 11, p. 237–242. doi:10.1016/0743-9547(95)98084-F.
  • Yu, Z., Sun, Y., and Zhang, G., 1988, The forearc sedimentary system in the Danfeng area, the Qinling Mountains, in Zhang, G., ed., Formation and Evolution of the Qinling Orogen: Xi’an, Northwest University Press. 75–85pp. [ in Chinese].
  • Zhai, X.M., Day, H.W., Hacker, B.R., and You, Z.D., 1998, Paleozoic metamorphism in the Qinling orogen, Tongbai Mountains, central China: Geology, v. 26, p. 371–374. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<0371:PMITQO>2.3.CO;2.
  • Zhang, C.L., Gao, S., Yuan, H.L., Zhang, G.W., Yan, Y.X., Luo, J.L., and Luo, J.H., 2007, Sr–Nd–Pb isotopes of the Early Paleozoic mafic–ultramafic dykes and basalts from South Qinling belt and their implications for mantle composition: Science in China Series D, v. 50, p. 1293–1301. doi:10.1007/s11430-007-0088-7.
  • Zhang, C.L., Meng, Q.R., Yu, Z.P., and Zhang, G.W., 1997, Geochemical characteristics and tectonic implication of gravels in the Hubaohe conglomerate in the East Qinling: Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, v. 15, p. 115–119.
  • Zhang, G.W., Meng, Q.R., and Lai, S.C., 1995, Tectonics and structures of the Qinling orogenic belt: Science in China (series D), v. 38, p. 1379–1386.
  • Zhang, G.W., Meng, Q.R., Yu, Z.P., Sun, Y., Zhou, D.W., and Guo, A.L., 1996, Orogenesis and dynamics of the Qinling orogenic belt: Science in China Series D, v. 39, p. 225–234.
  • Zhang, G.W., Sun, Y., Yu, Z.P., and Xue, F., 1988, The ancient active continental margin of the northern Qinling orogenic belt, in Zhang, G.W., ed., Formation and Evolution of the Qinling Orogen: Xi’an, Northwest University Press. 48–64pp. [ in Chinese].
  • Zhang, G.W., Zhang, B.R., Yuan, X.C., and Xiao, Q.H., Eds., 2001, Qinling Orogenic Belt and Continental Dynamics: Beijing, Science Press, p. 855. [in Chinese with English abstract].
  • Zhang, J.X., Yu, S.Y., and Meng, F.C., 2011, Polyphase Early Paleozoic metamorphism in the northern Qinling orogenic belt: Acta Petrologica Sinica, v. 27, p. 1179–1190.
  • Zhang, Z.Q., Zhang, G.W., Liu, D.Y., Wang, Z.Q., Tang, S.H., and Wang, J.H., Eds., 2006, Isotopic Geochronology and geochemistry of ophiolites, granites and sedimentary rocks in the Qinling Orogenic Belt: Beijing, Geological Publishing House, p. 348. [ in Chinese].
  • Zhang, Z.Q., and Zhang, Q., 1995, Geochemistry of metamorphosed Late Proterozoic kuanping ophiolite in the Northern Qinling, China: Acta Petrologica Sinica, v. 11, p. 165–177. [ in Chinese with English abstract].
  • Zhao, G.C., and Guo, J.H., 2012, Precambrian geology of China: Preface: Precambrian Research, v. 222-223, p. 1–12.
  • Zhao, X.X., and Coe, R., 1987, Palaeomagnetic constraints on the collision and rotation of North and South China: Nature, v. 327, p. 141–144.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.