421
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Detrital zircon provenance evidence for an early Permian longitudinal river flowing into the Midland Basin of west Texas

ORCID Icon, , , &
Pages 1224-1244 | Received 17 Jun 2019, Accepted 07 Apr 2020, Published online: 30 Apr 2020

References

  • Aleinikoff, J.N., Zartman, R.E., Walter, M., Rankin, D.W., Lyttle, P.T., and Burton, W.C., 1995, U-Pb ages of metarhyolites of the catoctin and mount rogers formations, central and southern appalachians: Evidence for two pulses of Iapetan rifting: American Journal of Science, v. 295, p. 428–454. doi10.2475/ajs.295.4.428.
  • Alsalem, O.B., Fan, M., Zamora, J., Xie, X., and Griffin, W.R., 2018, Paleozoic sediment dispersal before and during the collision between Laurentia and Gondwana in the Fort Worth Basin, USA: Geosphere, v. 14, p. 1–18.
  • Archer, A.W., and Greb, S.F., 1995, An Amazon-scale drainage system in the early Pennsylvanian of central North America: The Journal of Geology, v. 103, no. 6, p. 611–627. doi10.1086/629784
  • Bahlburg, H., Vervoort, J.D., Du Frane, A.A., Bock, B., Augustsson, C., and Reimann, C., 2009, Timing of crust formation and recycling in accretionary orogens: Insights learned from the western margin of South America: Earth–Science Reviews, v. 97, no. 1–4, p. 215–241. doi10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.10.006.
  • Bickford, M.E., Cullers, R.L., Shuster, R.D., Premo, W.R., and Van Schmus, W.R., 1989, U-Pb zircon geochronology of proterozoic and cambrian plutons in the wet mountains and southern front range, Colorado: Geological Society of America Special Paper, v. 235, p. 49–64.
  • Blakey, R.C., 2003, Supai group and hermit formation, in Beus, S.S., and Morales, M., eds., Grand canyon geology: New York: Oxford University Press, p. 136–162.
  • Blum, M., Rogers, K., Gleason, J., Najman, Y., Cruz, J., and Fox, L., 2018, Allogenic and autogenic signals in the stratigraphic record of the deep-sea Bengal fan: Scientific Reports, v. 8, Article Number 7973. doi10.1038/s41598-018-25819-5.
  • Chapman, A.D., and Laskowski, A.K., 2019, Detrital zircon U-Pb data reveal a Mississippian sediment dispersal network originating in the Appalachian orogen, traversing North America along it southern shelf, and reaching as far as the southwest United States: Lithosphere, v. 11, no. 4, p. 581–587. doi10.1130/L1068.1.
  • DeCelles, P.G., and Giles, K.A., 1996, Foreland basin systems: Basin Research, v. 8, no. 2, p. 105–123. doi10.1046/j.1365-2117.1996.01491.x.
  • Dickinson, W.R., and Gehrels, G.E., 2003, U–Pb ages of detrital zircons from Permian and Jurassic eolian sandstones of the Colorado Plateau, USA: Paleogeographic implications: Sedimentary Geology, v. 163, no. 1–2, p. 29–66. doi10.1016/S0037-0738(03)00158-1.
  • Dickinson, W.R., and Gehrels, G.E., 2009, U-Pb ages of detrital zircons in Jurassic eolian and associated sandstones of the Colorado Plateau: Evidence for transcontinental dispersal and intraregional recycling of sediment: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 121, no. 3–4, p. 408–433. doi10.1130/B26406.1.
  • Dickinson, W.R., and Lawton, T.F., 2001, Carboniferous to Cretaceous assembly and fragmentation of Mexico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 113, no. 9, p. 1142–1160. doi10.1130/0016-7606(2001)113<1142:CTCAAF>2.0.CO;2.
  • Dickinson, W.R., and Lawton, T.F., 2003, Sequential suturing as the ultimate control for Pennsylvanian Ancestral Rocky Mountains deformation: Geology, v. 31, p. 609–612. doi10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0609:SISATU>2.0.CO;2.
  • Diez-Fernandez, R., Martinez-Catalan, J.R., Gerdes, A., Abati, J., Arenas, R., and Fernandez-Suarez, 2010, U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from the Basal allochthonous units of NW Iberia: Provenance and paleoposition on the northern margin of Gondwana during the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic: Gondwana Research, v. 18, p. 385–399. doi10.1016/j.gr.2009.12.006.
  • Dutton, S.P., Kim, E.M., Broadhead, R.F., Raatz, W.D., Breton, C.L., Ruppel, S.C., and Kerans, C., 2005, Play analysis and leading-edge oil-reservoir development methods in the Permian Basin: Increased recovery through advanced technologies: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 89, no. 5, p. 553–576. doi10.1306/12070404093.
  • Erlich, R.N., and Coleman, J.L., 2005, Drowning of the Upper Marble Falls carbonate platform (Pennsylvanian), central Texas: A case of conflicting “signals?”: Sedimentary Geology, v. 175, no. 1–4, p. 479–499. doi10.1016/j.sedgeo.2004.12.017.
  • Ewing, T.E., 1993, Erosional margins and patterns of subsidence in the late Paleozoic west Texas basin and adjoining basins of west Texas and New Mexico, in Love, D.W., Hawley, J.W., Kues, B.S., Austin, G.S., and Lucas, S.G., eds., Carlsbad Region (New Mexico and West Texas). New Mexico Geological Society 44th Annual Fall Field Guidebook, p. 155–166.
  • Fildani, A., McKay, M.P., Stockli, D., Clark, J., Dykstra, M.L., Stockli, L., and Hester, A.M., 2016, The ancestral Mississippi drainage archived in the late Wisconsin Mississippi deep-sea fan: Geology, v. 44, p. 479–482. doi10.1130/G37657.1.
  • Fischer, A., and Sarnthein, M., 1988, Airborne silts and dune-derived sands in the Permian of the Delaware Basin: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 58, p. 637–643.
  • Galley, J.E., 1958, Oil and gas in the Permian Basin of Texas and New Mexico, in Weeks, L.G., ed., Habitat of Oil. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Special Publication 18, p. 395–446.
  • Galloway, W.E., Ewing, T.E., Garrett, C.M., Jr., Tyler, N., and Bebout, D.G., 1983, Atlas of major Texas oil reservoirs: The University of Texas at Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology Special Publication, 139 p.
  • Gao, Z., Perez, N.D., Miller, B., and Pope, M.C., 2020, Competing sediment sources during Paleozoic closure of the Marathon-Ouachita remnant ocean basin: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 132, no. 1–2, p. 3–16. doi10.1130/B35201.1.
  • Gaswirth, S.B., Marra, K.R., Lillis, P.G., Mercier, T.J., Leathers-Miller, H.M., Schenk, C.J., Klett, T.R., Le, P.A., Tennyson, M.E., Hawkins, S.J., Brownfield, M.E., Pitman, J.K., and Finn, T.M., 2016, Assessment of undiscovered continuous oil resources in the Wolfcamp shale of the Midland Basin, Permian Basin Province, Texas, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3092, 4 p.
  • Gehrels, G.E., Blakey, R., Karlstrom, K.E., Timmons, J.M., Dickinson, W.R., and Pecha, M., 2011, Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology of Paleozoic strata in the Grand Canyon, Arizona: Lithosphere, v. 3, p. 183–200. doi10.1130/L121.1.
  • Gehrels, G.E., and Pecha, M., 2014, Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotope geochemistry of Paleozoic and Triassic passive margin strata of western North America: Geosphere, v. 10, p. 49–65. doi10.1130/GES00889.1.
  • Gehrels, G.E., Valencia, V., and Ruiz, J., 2008, Enhanced precision, accuracy, efficiency, and spatial resolution of U-Pb ages by laser ablation–multicollector–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, v. 9, p. Q03017. doi10.1029/2007GC001805.
  • Gleason, J.D., Gehrels, G.E., Dickinson, W.R., Patchett, P.J., and Kring, D.A., 2007, Laurentian sources for detrital zircon grains in turbidite and deltaic sandstones of the Pennsylvanian Haymond formation, marathon assemblage, West Texas: U.S.A. Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 77, p. 888–900. doi10.2110/jsr.2007.084.
  • Graham, S.A., Dickinson, W.R., and Ingersoll, R.V., 1975, Himalayan-Bengal model for flysch dispersal in the Appalachian-Ouachita system: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 86, p. 273–286. doi10.1130/0016-7606(1975)86<273:HMFFDI>2.0.CO;2.
  • Guevara, E.H., 1988, Geological characterization of Permian sub-marine fan reservoirs of the Driver Waterflood Unit, Spraberry trend, Midland Basin, Texas: Report of Investigations No. 172. Bureau of Economic Geology, Austin, TX.
  • Hamlin, H.S., and Baumgardner, R.W., 2012, Wolfberry (Wolfcampian-Leonardian) deep-water depositional systems in the Midland Basin: Stratigraphy, lithofacies, reservoirs, and source rocks: Report of Investigations No. 277, Bureau of Economic Geology, Austin, TX.
  • Handford, C.R., 1981, Sedimentology and genetic stratigraphy of Dean and Spraberry Formations (Permian), Midland Basin, Texas: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 65, p. 1602–1616.
  • Hatcher, R.D., Jr., Thomas, W.A., and Viele, G.W., eds., 1989, The Appalachian-Ouachita Orogen in the United States: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America, The Geology of North America, v. F-2, 767 p.
  • Heumann, M.J., Bickford, M.E., Hill, B.M., McLelland, J.M., Selleck, B.W., and Jercinovic, M.J., 2006, Timing of anatexis in metapelites from the Adirondack lowlands and southern highlands: A manifestation of the Shawinigan orogeny and subsequent anorthosite-mangeritecharnockite-granite magmatism: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 118, p. 1283–1298. doi10.1130/B25927.1.
  • Hills, J.M., 1984, Sedimentation, tectonism, and hydrocarbon generation in Delaware Basin, west Texas and southeastern New Mexico: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 68, p. 250–267.
  • Kluth, C.F., 1986, Plate tectonics of the Ancestral Rocky Mountains, in Peterson, J.A., ed., Paleotectonics and Sedimentation in the Rocky Mountain Region, American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 41, p. 353–369.
  • Lawton, T.F., Buller, C.D., and Parr, T.R., 2015, Provenance of a Permian erg on the western margin of Pangea: Depositional system of the Kungurian (late Leonardian) Castle Valley and White Rim sandstones and subjacent Cutler Group, Paradox Basin, Utah, USA: Geosphere, v. 11, p. 1475–1506. doi10.1130/GES01174.1.
  • Leary, R.J., Umhoefer, P., Smith, M.E., and Riggs, N., 2017, A three-sided orogen: A new tectonic model for Ancestral Rocky Mountain uplift and basin development: Geology, v. 45, p. 735–738.
  • Link, P.K., Mahon, R.C., Beranek, L.P., Campbell-Stone, E.A., and Lynds, R., 2014, Detrital zircon provenance of Pennsylvanian to Permian sandstones fro the Wyoming craton and Wood River Basin, Idaho, U.S.A: Rocky Mountain Geology, v. 49, p. 115–136. doi10.2113/gsrocky.49.2.115.
  • Liu, L., and Stockli, D.F., 2020, U-Pb ages of detrital zircons in lower Permian sandstone and siltstone of the Permian basin, west Texas, USA: Evidence of dominant Gondwanan and peri-Gondwanand sediment input to Laurentia: Geologic Society of America Bulletin, v. 132, p. 245–262. doi10.1130/B35119.1.
  • Lowe, D.R., 1982, Sediment gravity flows: II. Depositional models with special references to the deposits of high-density turbidity currents: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 52, p. 279–297.
  • Martens, U., Weber, B., and Valencia, V.A., 2010, U/Pb geochronology of Devonian and older Paleozoic beds in the southeastern Maya block, Central America: Its affinity with peri-Gondwanan terranes: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 122, p. 815–829. doi10.1130/B26405.1.
  • Mason, C.C., Romans, B.W., Stockli, D.F., Mapes, R.W., and Fildani, A., 2019, Detrital zircons reveal sea-level and hydroclimate controls on Amazon River to deep-sea fan sediment transfer: Geology, v. 47, p. 563–567. doi10.1130/G45852.1.
  • Matchus, E.J., and Jones, T.J., 1984, East-west cross-section through the Permian Basin of west Texas, West Texas Geological Society Publication, p. 78–84.
  • Matte, P., 2003, The Variscan collage and orogeny (480–290 Ma) and the tectonic definition of the Armorica microplate: A review: Terra Nova, v. 13, p. 122–128. doi10.1046/j.1365-3121.2001.00327.x.
  • McGuire, P.R. 2017, U-Pb detrital zircon signature of the Ouachita orogenic belt [M.S. thesis]. Fort Worth, Texas Christian University, 78p.
  • McKee, E.D., and Oreil, S.S., 1967, Paleotectonic maps of the Permian System. U.S. Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations, Map I-450, 164 p.
  • McKee, J.W., Jones, N.W., and Anderson, T.H., 1988, Las Delicias basin: A record of late Paleozoic arc volcanism in northeastern Mexico: Geology, v. 16, p. 37–40. doi10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0037:LDBARO>2.3.CO;2.
  • McLelland, J., Selleck, B., and Bickford, M.E., 2010, Review of the Proterozoic evolution of the Grenville Province, its Adirondack outlier, and the Mesoproterozoic inliers of the Appalachians, in Tollo, R.P., Bartholomew, M.J., Hibbard, J.P., and Karabinos, P.M., eds., From Rodinia to Pangea: The Lithotectonic Record of the Appalachian Region, Geological Society of America Memoir 206, p. 21–49.
  • McMillan, N.J., and McLemore, V.T., 2004, Cambro-Ordovician magmatism and extension in New Mexico and Colorado: New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Bulletin, v. 160, p. 11.
  • Montgomery, S.L., Schechter, D.S., and Lorenz, J.C., 2000, Advanced reservoir characterization to evaluate carbon dioxide flooding, Spraberry Trend, Midland basin, Texas: AAPG Bulletin, v. 84, p. 1247–1273.
  • Mosher, S., 1998, Tectonic evolution of the southern Laurentian Grenville orogenic belt: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 110, p. 1357–1375. doi10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<1357:TEOTSL>2.3.CO;2.
  • Mueller, P.A., Heatherington, A.L., Wooden, J.L., Shuster, R.D., Nutman, A.P., and Williams, I.S., 1994, Precambrian zircons from the Florida basement: A Gondwanan connection: Geology, v. 22, p. 119–122. doi10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0119:PZFTFB>2.3.CO;2.
  • Murphy, J.B., Pisarevsky, S.A., Nance, R.D., and Keppie, J.D., 2004, Neoproterozoic–Early Paleozoic evolution of peri-Gondwanan terranes: Implications for Laurentia-Gondwana connections: International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 93, p. 659–682. doi10.1007/s00531-004-0412-9.
  • Ortega-Gutierez, F., Ruiz, J., and Centeno-Garcia, A.E., 1995, Oaxaquia, a Proterozoic micro-continent accreted to North America during the late Paleozoic: Geology, v. 23, p. 1127–1130. doi10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<1127:OAPMAT>2.3.CO;2.
  • Parrish, J.T., 1993, Climate of the supercontinent Pangea: Journal of Geology, v. 101, p. 215–233. doi10.1086/648217.
  • Parrish, J.T., and Peterson, F., 1988, Wind directions predicted from global circulation models and wind directions determined from eolian sandstones of the western United States-a comparison: Sedimentary Geology, v. 56, p. 261–282. doi10.1016/0037-0738(88)90056-5.
  • Pastor-Galán, D., Gutiérrez-Alonso, G., Murphy, J.B., Fernández-Suárez, J., Hofmann, M., and Linnemann, U., 2013, Provenance analysis of the Paleozoic sequences of the northern Gondwana margin in NW Iberia: Passive margin to Variscan collision and orocline development: Gondwana Research, v. 23, p. 1089–1103. doi10.1016/j.gr.2012.06.015.
  • Paull, C.K., Talling, P.J., Maier, K.L., Parsons, D., Xu, J., Caress, D.W., Gwiazda, R., Lundsten, E.M., Anderson, K., Barry, J.P., Chaffey, M., O’Reilly, T., Rosenberger, K.J., Gales, J.A., Kieft, B., McGann, M., Simmons, S.M., McCann, M., Sumner, E.J., Clare, M.A., and Cartigny, M.J., 2018, Powerful turbidity currents driven by dense basal layers: Nature Communications, v. 9, p. 1–9. doi10.1038/s41467-018-06254-6.
  • Peterson, F., 1988, Pennsylvanian to Jurassic eolian transportation systems in the western United States: Sedimentary Geology, v. 56, p. 207–260. doi10.1016/0037-0738(88)90055-3.
  • Poole, F.G., Perry, W.J., Jr., Madrid, P., and Amaya-Martinz, R., 2005, Tectonic synthesis of the Ouachita–Marathon–Sonora orogenic margin of southern Laurentia: Stratigraphic and structural implications for timing of deformational events and plate tectonic model, in Anderson, T.H., Nourse, J.A., McKee, J.W., and Steiner, M.B., eds., The Mojave–Sonora Megashear Hypothesis: Development, Assessment, and Alternatives: Geological Society of America Special Paper 393, p. 543–596.
  • Pullen, A., Gehrels, Ibanez, M., Giesler, G.E., and Pecha, M., 2018, Optimization of a laser ablation-single collector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (Thermo Element2) for accurate, precise, and efficient zircon U-Th-Pb geochronology: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems: doi:10.1029/2018GC007889
  • Rankin, D.W., Drake, A.A., Jr., Glover, L., III, Goldsmith, R., Hall, L.M., Murray, D.P., Ratcliffe, N.M., Read, J.F., Secor, D.T., Jr., and Stanley, R.S., 1989, Pre-orogenic terranes, in Hatcher, R.D., Jr., Thomas, W.A., and Viele, G.W., eds., The Appalachian-Ouachita Orogen in the United States, Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America, The Geology of North America, volume F-2, p. 7–100.
  • Ross, C.A., and Ross, J.R.P., 2009, Paleontology, a tool to resolve Late Paleozoic structural and depositional histories, in Demchuk, T.D., and Gary, A.C., eds., Geologic Problem Solving with Microfossils. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication, volume 93, p. 95–109.
  • Sharrah, K.L., 2006, Comparative study of the sedimentology and provenance of the Atoka Formation in the frontal Ouachita thrust belt, Oklahoma, Ph.D. thesis. Tulsa, Oklahoma, University of Tulsa, 268 p.
  • Shaw, J., Gutiérrez-Alonso, G., Johnston, S.T., and Pastor-Galán, D., 2014, Provenance variability along the Early Ordovician north Gondwana margin: Paleogeographic and tectonic implications of U-Pb detrital zircon ages from the Armorican Quartzite of the Iberian Variscan belt: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 126, p. 702–719. doi10.1130/B30935.1.
  • Soreghan, G.S., and Soreghan, M.J., 2013, Tracing clastic delivery to the Permian Delaware Basin, U.S.A.: Implications for paleogeography and circulation in westernmost equatorial Pangea: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 83, p. 786–802. doi10.2110/jsr.2013.63.
  • Spychala, Y.T., Hodgson, D.M., Prelat, A., Kane, I.A., Flint, S.S., and Mountney, N.P., 2017, Frontal and lateral submarine lobe fringes: Comparing sedimentary facies, architecture and flow processes: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 87, p. 75–96. doi10.2110/jsr.2017.2.
  • Tabor, N.J., Montañez, I.P., Scotese, C.R., Poulsen, C.J., and Mack, G.H., 2008, Paleosol archives of environmental and climatic history in paleotropical western Pangea during the latest Pennsylvanian through Early Permian, in Fielding, C.R., Frank, T.D., and Isbell, J.L., eds., Resolving the Late Paleozoic Ice Age in Time and Space, Geological Society of America Special Paper 441, p. 291–303.
  • Tabor, N.J., and Montañez, I.P., 2002, Shifts in late Paleozoic atmospheric circulation over western equatorial Pangaea: Insights from pedogenic mineral δ18O compositions: Geology, v. 30, p. 1127–1130. doi10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<1127:SILPAC>2.0.CO;2.
  • Tabor, N.J., and Poulsen, C.J., 2008, Palaeoclimate across the Late Pennsylvanian–Early Permian tropical palaeolatitudes: A review of climate indicators, their distribution, and relation to palaeophysiographic climate factors: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 268, p. 293–310. doi10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.03.052.
  • Talling, P.J., Paull, C.P., and Piper, D.J.W., 2013, How are subaqueous sediment density flows triggered, what is their internal structure and how does it evolve? Direct observations from monitoring of active flows: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 125, p. 244–287. doi10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.07.005.
  • Thomas, W.A., 2004, Genetic relationship of rift-stage crustal structure, terrane accretion, and foreland tectonics along the southern Appalachian-Ouachita orogen: Journal of Geodynamics, v. 37, p. 549–563. doi10.1016/j.jog.2004.02.020.
  • Thomas, W.A., 2006, Tectonic inheritance at a continental margin: GSA Today: A Publication of the Geological Society of America, v. 16, p. 4–11. doi10.1130/1052-5173(2006)016[4:TIAACM]2.0.CO;2.
  • Thomas, W.A., 2013, The Sabine and Coahuila terranes at the southern margin of Laurentia: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 45, p. 293.
  • Thomas, W.A., 2014, A mechanism for tectonic inheritance at transform faults of the Iapetan margin of Laurentia: Geoscience Canada, v. 41, p. 321–344. doi10.12789/geocanj.2014.41.048.
  • Thomas, W.A., Gehrels, G.E., Greb, S.F., Nadon, G.C., Satkoski, A., and Romero, M.C., 2017, Detrital zircons and sediment dispersal in the Appalachian foreland: Geosphere, v. 13, p. 1–25. doi10.1130/GES01525.1.
  • Thomas, W.A., Gehrels, G.E., and Romero, M.C., 2016, Detrital zircons from crystalline rocks along the Southern Oklahoma fault system, Wichita and Arbuckle Mountains, USA: Geosphere, v. 12, p. 1224–1234. doi10.1130/GES01316.1.
  • Torres, R., Ruiz, J., Patchett, P.J., and Grajales, J.M., 1999, A Permo-Triassic continental arc in eastern Mexico: Tectonic implications for reconstructions of southern North America, in Bartolini, C., Wilson, J.L., and Lawton, T.F., eds., Mesozoic sedimentary and tectonic history of North-Central Mexico: Geological Society of America Special Paper, Volume 340, p. 191–196.
  • Tyler, N., Gholston, J.C., and Guevara, E.H., 1997, Basin morphological controls on submarine-fan depositional trends: Spraberry sandstone, Permian Basin, Texas: University of Texas at Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology, Geologic Circular, v. 97-6, p. 1–43.
  • Unrug, R., 1997, Rodinia to Gondwana: The Geodynamic Map of Gondwana Supercontinent Assembly: GSA Today : A Publication of the Geological Society of America, v. 7, p. 1–59.1–6.
  • Vangriesheim, A., Khripounoff, A., and Crassous, P., 2009, Turbidity events observed in situ along the Congo submarine channel: Deep-Sea Research Part II, v. 56, p. 2208–2222. doi10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.04.004.
  • Veevers, J.J., 2017, West Gondwanaland during and after the Pan-African and Brasiliano orogenies: Downslope vectors and detrital-zircon U–Pb and TDM ages and εHf/Nd pinpoint the provenances of the Ediacaran–Paleozoic molasses: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 171, p. 105–140. doi10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.05.010.
  • Vermeesch, P., Resentini, A., and Garzanti, E., 2016, An R package for statistical provenance analysis: Sedimentary Geology, v. 336, p. 14–25. doi10.1016/j.sedgeo.2016.01.009.
  • Walper, J.L., 1977, Paleozoic tectonics of the southern margin of North America: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 27, p. 230–241.
  • Weber, B., Schaaf, P., Valencia, V.A., Iriondo, A., and Ortega-Gutiérrez, F., 2006, Provenance ages of late Paleozoic sandstones (Santa Rosa Formation) from the Maya block, SE Mexico: Implications on the tectonic evolution of western Pangea: Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, v. 23, p. 262–276.
  • Weber, B., Valencia, V.A., Schaaf, P., and Ortega-Gutiérrez, F., 2009, Detrital zircon ages from the Lower Santa Rosa Formation, Chiapas: Implications on regional Paleozoic stratigraphy: Revista Mexicana De Ciencias Geológicas, v. 26, p. 260–276.
  • Xie, X., Calns, W., and Busbey, A.B., 2018, Provenance of Permian Delaware Mountain Group, central and southern Delaware Basin, and implications of sediment dispersal pathway near the southwestern terminus of Pangea: International Geology Review, v. 61, p. 361–380. doi10.1080/00206814.2018.1425925.
  • Yang, K.M., and Dorobek, S.L., 1992, Mechanisms for late Paleozoic synorogenic subsidence of the Midland a nd Delaware basins, Permian basin, Texas and New Mexico, in Mruk, D.H., and Curran, B.C., eds., Permian Basin Exploration and Production Strategies: Applications of Sequence Stratigraphic and Reservoir Characterization Concepts, West Texas Geological Society Symposium, p. 45–60.
  • Ye, H., Royden, L., Burchfiel, C., and Schuepbach, M., 1996, Late Paleozoic deformation of interior North America: The greater Ancestral Rocky Mountains: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 80, p. 1397–1432.
  • Ziegler, A.M., Hulver, M.L., and Rowley, D.B., 1997, Permian world topography and climate, in Martini, I.P., ed., Late Glacial and Postglacial environmental Changes: Quaternary, Carboniferous–Permian, and Proterozoic, Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, p. 111–146.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.