Petrogenesis of Late Campanian Alkaline Igneous Rocks in Eastern Anatolia: Magmatism related to a subduction transform edge propagator (STEP) fault?

References

• Atabey, E., 1993, Gürün Otoktonu’nun Stratigrafisi (Gürün-Sarız-Arası), Doğu Toroslar - GB Sivas: Geological Bulletin of Turkey, v. 36, p. 99–113.
   Google Scholar
• Ayyıldız, T., Varol, B., Önal, M., Tekin, E., and Gündoğan, İ., 2015, Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary evaporites in the Malatya Basin, Eastern Turkey: Carbonates Evaporites, v. 30, no. 4, p. 461–476. 10.1007/s13146-015-0254-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyarslan, M., and Bingöl, A.F., 2018, Zircon U-Pb age and geochemical constraints on the origin and tectonic implications of late cretaceous intra-oceanic arc magmatics in the Southeast Anatolian Orogenic Belt (SE-Turkey: Journal of African Earth Science, v.147, p. 477–497, 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2018.07.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonin, B., 1987, From orogenic to anorogenic magmatism: A petrological model for the transition Calc-Alkaline - Alkaline Complexes: Revista Brasileira de Geociências, v. 17, p. 366–371.
   Google Scholar
• Bonin, B., 1990, From orogenic to anorogenic settings: Evolution of granitoid suites after a major orogenesis: Geological Journal, v. 25, no. 3–4, p. 3–4. 10.1002/gj.3350250309
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booth, M.R.G., Robertson, A.H.F., Tasli, K., and İ̇nan, N., 2014, Late Cretaceous to Late Eocene Hekimhan Basin (Central Eastern Turkey) as a supra-ophiolite sedimentary/magmatic basin related to the later stages of closure of Neotethys: Tectonophysics, v.635, p. 6–32, 10.1016/j.tecto.2014.05.039
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bozkaya, Ö., and Yalçın, H., 1992, Geology of the Cretaceous-Tertiary Sequence of Hekimhan Basin (Northwestern Malatya: The Bulletin of Turkish Association of Petroleum Geologists, v. 4, p. 59–80.
   Google Scholar
• Boztuğ, D., 2000, S-l-A-type intrusive associations: Geodynamic significance of synchronism between metamorphism and magmatism in Central Anatolia, Turkey: Geological Society of London, Special Publications, Vol. 173, pp. 441–458.
   Google Scholar
• Boztuğ, D., Harlavan, Y., Arehart, G.B., Satır, M., and Avcı, N., 2007, K–ar age, whole-rock and isotope geochemistry of A-type granitoids in the Divriği–Sivas region, eastern-central Anatolia, Turkey: Lithos, Vol. 97, pp. 193–218.
   Google Scholar
• Boztuğ, D., Jonckheere, R.C., Heizler, M., Ratschbacher, L., Harlavan, Y., and Tichomirova, M., 2009, Timing of post-obduction granitoids from intrusion through cooling to exhumation in central Anatolia, Turkey: Tectonophysics, Vol. 473, pp. 223–233.
   Google Scholar
• Chappell, B.W., and White, A.J.R., 1992, I- and S-Type Granites in the Lachlan Fold Belt: Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, v. 83, no. 1–2, p. 1–26. 10.1017/S0263593300007720
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Condamine, P., and Médard, E., 2014, Experimental melting of phlogopite-bearing mantle at 1GPa: Implications for potassic magmatism: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v.397, p. 80–92, 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.04.027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darin, M.H., and Umhoefer, P.J., 2021, Palaeogene stratigraphy and chronology of the western Sivas Basin, central Anatolia (Turkey): Tectono-sedimentary evolution of a well-preserved basin along the northern Neotethys suture zone: Basin Research, v. 33, no. 2, p. 903–932. 10.1111/bre.12498
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies, J.D., and von Blanckenburg, F., 1995, Slab breakoff: A model of lithosphere detachment and its test in the magmatism and deformation of collisional orogens: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 129, no. 1–4, p. 85–102. 10.1016/0012-821X(94)00237-S
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DePaolo, D.J., 1988, Age dependence of the composition of continental crust: Evidence from Nd isotopic variations in granitic rocks: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 90, no. 3, p. 263–271. 10.1016/0012-821X(88)90130-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eby, G.N., 1992, Chemical subdivision of the A-type granitoids: Petrogenesis and tectonic implications: Geology, v. 20, no. 7, p. 641–644. 10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0641:CSOTAT>2.3.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eiler, J.M., Schiano, P., Valley, J.W., Kita, N.T., and Stolper, E.M., 2007, Oxygen-isotope and trace element constraints on the origins of silica-rich melts in the subarc mantle: Geochemistry: Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 8, no. 9, p. Q09012. 10.1029/2006GC001503
   Google Scholar
• Ellam, R.M., 1992, Lithospheric thickness as a control on basalt geochemistry: Geology, v. 20, no. 2, p. 153–156. 10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0153:LTAACO>2.3.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eyüboğlu, Y., Dudas, F.O., Zhu, D.-C., Liu, Z., and Chatterjee, N., 2019, Late Cretaceous I- and A-type magmas in eastern Turkey: Magmatic response to double-sided subduction of Paleo- and Neo-Tethyan lithospheres: Lithos, v.v, p. 326–327, 10.1016/j.lithos.2018.12.017
   Google Scholar
• Fitton, J.G., Saunders, A.D., Norry, M.J., Hardarson, B.S., and Taylor, R.N., 1997, Thermal and chemical structure of the Iceland plume: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 153, no. 3–4, p. 197–208. 10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00170-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foley, S., 1992, Vein-plus-wall-rock melting mechanisms in the lithosphere and the origin of potassic alkaline magmas: Lithos, v. 3, no. 6, p. 435–453. 10.1016/0024-4937(92)90018-T
   Google Scholar
• Frost, C.D., and Frost, B.R., 2011, On ferroan (A-type) granitoids: Their compositional variability and modes of origin: Journal of Petrology, v. 52, no. 1, p. 39–53. 10.1093/petrology/egq070
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furman, T., and Graham, D., 1999, Erosion of lithospheric mantle beneath the East African Rift system: Geochemical evidence from the Kivu volcanic province: Lithos, v. 48, no. 1–4, p. 237–262. 10.1016/S0024-4937(99)00031-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallais, F., Graindorge, D., Gutscher, M.-A., and Klaeschen, D., 2013, Propagation of a lithospheric tear fault (STEP) through the western boundary of the Calabrian accretionary wedge offshore eastern Sicily (Southern Italy: Tectonophysics, v.602, p. 141–152, 10.1016/j.tecto.2012.12.026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill, J.B., 1981, Orogenic Andesites and Plate Tectonics, New York: Springer, p. 292.
   Google Scholar
• Govers, R., and Wortel, M.J.R., 2005, Lithosphere tearing at STEP faults: Response to edges of subduction zones: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 236, no. 1–2, p. 505–523. 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.03.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gürer, Ö.F., 1994, Upper Cretaceous statigraphy of Hekimhan-Hasançelebi region and the basin evolution: Geological Bulletin of Turkey, v. 37, no. 2, p. 135–148.
   Google Scholar
• Gürer, Ö.F., 1996, Geological position and the genesis of Hasançelebi Alkaline Magmatism at the Eastern Taurides (NW Malatya): Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 5, no. 3, p. 71–88, [Geological and Petrological Investigation of the Alkali magmatic Rocks in Hekimhan Region. 10.55730/1300-0985.1729
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton, D.L., and MacKenzie, W.S., 1965, Phase-equilibrium studies in the system NaAlSiO 4 (nepheline)–KAlSiO 4 (kalsilite)–SiO 2 -H 2 O: Mineralogical Magazine, v. 34, no. 268, p. 214–231. 10.1180/minmag.1965.034.268.17
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkesworth, C.J., Hergt, J.M., Ellam, R.M., and McDermott, F., 1991, Element fluxes associated with subduction related magmatism: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A, v. 335, p. 393–405.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hole, M.J., Saunders, A.D., Rogers, G., and Sykes, M.A., 1994, The relationship between alkaline magmatism, lithospheric extension and slab window formation along continental destructive plate margins: Geological Society, London: Special Publications, Vol. 81, pp. 265–285.
   Google Scholar
• Karaoğlan, F., Parlak, O., Hejl, E., and Klötzli, U., 2016, The temporal evolution of the active margin along the Southeast Anatolian Orogenic Belt (SE Turkey): Evidence from U–Pb, Ar–Ar and fission track chronology: Gondwana Research, v.33, p. 190–208, 10.1016/j.gr.2015.12.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kay, R.W., and Kay, S.M., 1993, Delamination and delamination magmatism: Tectonophysics, v. 219, no. 1–3, p. 177–189. 10.1016/0040-1951(93)90295-U
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinzler, R.J., 1997, Melting of mantle peridotite at pressures approaching the spinel to garnet transition: Application to mid-ocean ridge basalt petrogenesis: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 102, no. B1, p. 853–874. 10.1029/96JB00988
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klemme, S., and O’Neill, H.C., 2000, The near-solidus transition from garnet lherzolite to spinel lherzolite: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 138, no. 3, p. 237–248. 10.1007/s004100050560
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koç, A., and Kaymakçı, N., 2013, Kinematics of Sürgü Fault Zone (Malatya, Turkey): A remote sensing study: Journal of Geodynamics, v.65, p. 292–307, 10.1016/j.jog.2012.08.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kürüm, S., and Tanyıldızı, Ö., 2017, Geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic characteristics of Upper Cretaceous (calc-alkaline) and Miocene (alkaline) volcanic rocks: Elazığ, Eastern Taurides, Turkey: Journal of African Earth Science, v.134, p. 332–344, 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2017.06.020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuşçu, İ., Gençalioğlu-Kuşçu, G., Tosdal, R.M., Ulrich, T.D., and Friedman, R., 2010, Magmatism in the southeastern Anatolian orogenic belt: Transition from arc to post-collisional setting in an evolving orogen, London: Geological SocietySpecial Publications, Vol. 340, pp. 437–460.
   Google Scholar
• Kuşçu, İ., Tosdal, R.M., Gençalioğlu-Kuşçu, G., Friedman, R., and Ulrich, T.D., 2013, Late cretaceous to middle eocene magmatism and metallogeny of a portion of the Southeastern Anatolian Orogenic Belt, East-Central Turkey: Economic Geology, v. 108, no. 4, p. 641–666. 10.2113/econgeo.108.4.641
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeBas, M.J., LeMaitre, R.W., Streckeisen, A., and Zanettin, B., 1986, A chemical classification of volcanic rocks based on the total alkali-silica diagram: Journal of Petrology, v. 27, no. 3, p. 745–750. 10.1093/petrology/27.3.745
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leo, G.W., Önder, E., and Kılıç, M., 1978, Geology and Mineral Resources of the Kuluncak-Sofular Area (Malatya K39-a1 and K39-a2 Quadrangles), Turkey: Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey, p. 1429.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, Z., Zhu, D.-C., Rezeau, H., Jagoutz, O., Wang, Q., and Eyuboglu, Y., 2022, Late Cretaceous Transition from Calc-Alkaline to Alkaline Magmatism in the Eastern Anatolian Plateau: Implications for Microblock Collision Timing: Journal of Petrology, v. 63, no. 12, p. egac119. 10.1093/petrology/egac119
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marschik, R., Spikings, R., and Kuşçu, I., 2008, Geochronology and stable isotope signature of alteration related to hydrothermal magnetite ores in Central Anatolia, Turkey: Mineralium Deposita, v. 43, no. 1, p. 111–124. 10.1007/s00126-007-0160-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nurlu, N., Köksal, S., and Kohut, M., 2022, Late Cretaceous volcanic arc magmatism in southeast Anatolian Orogenic Belt: Constraints from whole-rock, mineral chemistry, Sr–Nd isotopes and U–Pb zircon ages of the Baskil Intrusive Complex (Malatya, Turkey: Geological Journal, v. 57, no. 8, p. 3048–3073. 10.1002/gj.4460
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oberhänsli, R., Bousquet, R., Candan, O., and Okay, A., 2012, Dating Subduction Events in East Anatolia, Turkey: Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 21, p. 1–17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okay, A.I., and Tüysüz, O., 1999, Tethyan sutures of northern Turkey: Geological Society of London: Special Publications, v. 156, no. 1, p. 475–515. 10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.22
   Google Scholar
• Ozawa, K., and Schimizu, N., 1995, Open-system melting in the upper mantle: Constraints from the Hayachine-Miyamori ophiolite, northeastern Japan: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 100, no. B11, p. 22315–22335. 10.1029/95JB01967
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Özer, E., Koç, H., and Ozsayar, T.Y., 2004, Stratigraphical evidence for the depression of the northern margin of the Menderes–Tauride Block (Turkey) during the Late Cretaceous: Journal of Asian Earth Science, v. 22, no. 5, p. 401–412. 10.1016/S1367-9120(03)00084-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozgenc, I., and Ilbeyli, N., 2009, Geochemical constraints on petrogenesis of Late Cretaceous alkaline magmatism in east-central Anatolia (Hasancelebi–basören, Malatya), Turkey: Turkey: Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 95, no. 1–2, p. 71–85. 10.1007/s00710-008-0027-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palme, H., and O’Neill, H.C., 2004, Cosmochemical estimates of mantle composition. in Holland, H., and Turekian, K. eds. Treatise on Geochemistry 2, Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 1–38.
   Google Scholar
• Parlak, O., 2016, The Tauride Ophiolites of Anatolia (Turkey): A Review: Journal of Earth Science, v. 27, no. 6, p. 901–934. 10.1007/s12583-016-0679-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearce, J.A., 1983, Role of the sub-continental lithosphere in magma genesis at active continental margins. in Hawkesworth, C.J, and Norry, M.J. eds. Continental basalts and mantle xenoliths, Nantwich, UK: Shiva Publishing, p. 230–249.
   Google Scholar
• Pearce, J.A., 1996, A users guide to basalt discrimination diagrams. in Wyman, D.A., ed. Trace Element Geochemistry of Volcanic Rocks: Applications for Massive Sulphide Exploration. The Geological Association of Canada, Short Course Notes, v. 12, p. 79–113. https://gac.ca/product/trace-element-geochemistry-of-volcanic-rocks-applications-for-massive-sulphide-exploration/
   Google Scholar
• Pearce, J.A., 2008, Geochemical fingerprinting of oceanic basalts with applications to ophiolite classification and the search for Archean oceanic crust: Lithos, v. 100, no. 1–4, p. 14–48. 10.1016/j.lithos.2007.06.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearce, J.A., Ernst, R.E., Peate, D.W., and Rogers, C., 2021, LIP printing: Use of immobile element proxies to characterize Large Igneous Provinces in the geologic record: Lithos, v.392-393, p. 392–393, 106068, 10.1016/j.lithos.2021.106068
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearce, J.A., and Parkinson, I.J., 1993, Trace element models for mantle melting: Application to volcanic arc petrogenesis: Geological Society, London: Special Publications, v. 76, p. 373–403.
   Google Scholar
• Peccerillo, A., and Taylor, S.R., 1976, Geochemistry of eocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from the Kastamonu area, Northern Turkey: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 58, no. 1, p. 63–81. 10.1007/BF00384745
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pourteau, A., Sudo, M., Candan, O., Lanari, P., Vidal, O., and Oberhansli, R., 2013, Neotethys closure history of Anatolia: Insights from 40 Ar- 39 Ar geochronology and P-T estimation in high-pressure metasedimentary rocks: Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 31, no. 6, p. 585–606. 10.1111/jmg.12034
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prelević, D., Akal, C., Romer, R.L., Mertz-Kraus, R., and Helvacı, C., 2015, Magmatic Response to Slab Tearing: Constraints from the Afyon Alkaline Volcanic Complex, Western Turkey: Journal of Petrology, v. 56, no. 3, p. 527–562. 10.1093/petrology/egv008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rızaoğlu, T., Parlak, O., Höck, V., Koller, F., Hames, W.E., and Billor, Z., 2009, Andean-type active margin formation in the eastern Taurides: Geochemical and geochronogical evidence from the Baskil granitoid, (Elazığ, SE Turkey): Tectonophysics, Vol. 473, pp. 188–207.
   Google Scholar
• Robinson, J.A.C., and Wood, B.J., 1998, The depth of the spinel to garnet transition at the peridotite solidus: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 164, no. 1–2, p. 277–284. 10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00213-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romer, R.L., Forster, H.-J., and Breitkreuz, C., 2001, Intracontinental extensional magmatism with a subduction fingerprint: The late Carboniferous Halle volcanic complex (Germany: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 141, no. 2, p. 201–221. 10.1007/s004100000231
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sar, A., Ertürk, M.A., and Rizeli, M.E., 2019, Genesis of Late Cretaceous intra-oceanic arc intrusions in the Pertek area of Tunceli Province, eastern Turkey, and implications for the geodynamic evolution of the southern Neo-Tethys: Results of zircon U-Pb geochronology and geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic analyses: Lithos, v. v, p. 350–357, 105263.
   Google Scholar
• Sarı, B., Yıldız, A., Korkmaz, T., and Petrizzo, M., 2016, Planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils record in the upper Campanian-Maastrichtian pelagic deposits of the Malatya Basin in the Hekimhan area (NW Malatya, eastern Anatolia: Cretaceous Research, v.61, p. 91–107, 10.1016/j.cretres.2015.12.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schairer, J.F., 1950, The Alkali-Feldspar Join in the System NaAlSiO 4 -KAlSiO 4 -SiO 2: The Journal of Geology, v. 58, no. 5, p. 512–517. 10.1086/625759
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schairer, J.F., and Yoder, H.S., 1960, The Nature of Residual Liquids from Crystallization, with Data on the System Nepheline-Diopside-Silica: American Journal of Science, v. 258A, p. 273–283.
   Google Scholar
• Shand, S.J., 1927, Eruptive Rocks: Their genesis, composition, classification, and their relation to ore-deposits; with a chapter on meteorites: Nature, v. 120, p. 872.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, S.R., and McLennan, S.M., 1995, The geochemical evolution of the continental crust: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 33, no. 2, p. 241–265. 10.1029/95RG00262
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Topuz, G., Candan, O., Zack, T., and Yılmaz, A., 2017, East Anatolian plateau constructed over a continental basement: No evidence for the East Anatolian accretionary complex: Geology, v. 45, no. 9, p. 791–794. 10.1130/G39111.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuttle, O.F., and Bowen, N.L., 1958, Origin of Granite in the Light of Experimental Studies in the System NaAlSi3O8–KAlSi3O8–SiO2–H2O: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 74, p. 153.
   Google Scholar
• Whalen, J.B., Currie, K.L., and Chappell, B.W., 1987, S-type granites: Geochemical characteristics, discrimination and petrogenesis: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 95, no. 4, p. 407–419. 10.1007/BF00402202
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whalen, J.B., and Hildebrand, R.S., 2019, Trace element discrimination of arc, slab failure, and A-type granitic rocks: Lithos, v.348-349, p. 348–349, 105179, 10.1016/j.lithos.2019.105179
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolff, J.A., 2017, On the syenite-trachyte problem: Geology, v. 45, no. 12, p. 1067–1070. 10.1130/G39415.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Workman, R.K., and Hart, S.R., 2005, Major and trace element composition of the depleted MORB mantle (DMM: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 231, no. 1–2, p. 53–72. 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.12.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yazgan, E., and Chessex, R., 1991, Geology and tectonic evolution of the Southeastern Taurides in the region of Malatya: The Bulletin of Turkish Association of Petroleum Geologists, v. 3, no. 1, p. 1–42.
   Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, S., Boztuğ, D., and Öztürk, A., 1993, Geological setting, petrographic and geochemical characteristics of the Cretaceous and Tertiary igneous rocks in the Hekimhan-Hasançelebi area, north-west Malatya, Turkey: Geological Journal, v. 28, no. 3–4, p. 383–398. 10.1002/gj.3350280316
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zou, H., 1998, Trace element fractionation during modal and nonmodal dynamic melting and open-system melting: A mathematical treatment: Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, v. 62, no. 11, p. 1937–1945. 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00115-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar