1,011
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Articles

The Challenge of Fibromyalgia Efficacy of Hypnosis in Alleviating the Invisible Pain: A Narrative Review

Pages 276-296 | Received 09 May 2023, Accepted 26 Jun 2023, Published online: 23 Aug 2023

References

  • Ablin, J., Fitzcharles, M.-A., Buskila, D., Shir, Y., Sommer, C., & Häuser, W. (2013). Treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: Recommendations of recent evidence-based interdisciplinary guidelines with special emphasis on complementary and alternative therapies. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/485272
  • Aravena, V., García, F. E., Téllez, A., & Arias, P. R. (2020). Hypnotic intervention in people with fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 63(1), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2020.1742088
  • Bernardy, K., Füber, N., Klose, P., & Häuser, W. (2011). Efficacy of hypnosis/guided imagery in fibromyalgia syndrome: A systematic review and a meta-analysis of controlled trials. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 12(1), 133. https://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2474-12-133
  • Castel, A., Cascón, R., Padrol, A., Sala, J., & Rull, M. (2012). Multicomponent cognitive-behavioral group therapy with hypnosis for the treatment of fibromyalgia: Long-term outcome. Journal of Pain, 13(3), 255–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2011.11.005
  • Castel, A., Fontova, R., Montull, S., Periñán, R., Poveda, M. J., Miralles, I., Cascón-Pereira, R., Hernández, P., Aragonés, N., Salvat, I., Castro, S., Monterde, S., Padrol, A., Sala, J., Añez, C., & Rull, M. (2013). Efficacy of a multidisciplinary fibromyalgia treatment adapted for women with low educational levels: A randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Care & Research, 65(3), 421–431. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.21818
  • Castel, A., Pérez, M., Sala, J., Padrol, A., & Rull, M. (2007). Effect of hypnotic suggestion on fibromyalgic pain: Comparison between hypnosis and relaxation. European Journal of Pain, 11(4), 463–468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpain.2006.06.006
  • Coppens, E., Van Wambeke, P., Morlion, B., Weltens, N., Giao Ly, H., Tack, J., Luyten, P., & Van Oudenhove, L. (2017). Prevalence and impact of childhood adversities and post-traumatic stress disorder in women with fibromyalgia and chronic widespread pain. European Journal of Pain, 21(9), 1582–1590. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.1059
  • De Almeida-Marques, F. X., Sánchez-Blanco, J., Sanduvete-Chaves, S., & Cano-García, F. J. (2019). Causal attributions of potentially traumatic life events in fibromyalgia patients. International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases, 22(12), 2170–2177. https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-185X.13739
  • De Almeida-Marques, F. X. D., Sánchez-Blanco, J., & Cano-García, F. J. (2018). Hypnosis is more effective than clinical interviews: Occurrence of trauma in fibromyalgia. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 66(1), 3–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207144.2018.1396104
  • De Benedittis, G. (2001). The revolving doors of pain: Hypnotic synaesthesia for modulation of the pain experience. In C. Loriedo & B. Peter (Eds.), The new hypnosis. The utilization of personal resources (pp. 33–48). MEG-Stiftung.
  • De Benedittis, G. (2012). Hypnotherapy for fibromyalgia: A long-term controlled study [Paper presentation]. The 14th World Congress on Pain, Milan, Italy.
  • De Benedittis, G. (2014). Fibromyalgia and post-traumatic stress disorder: The missing link? [Paper presentation]. The 15th World Congress on Pain, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • De Benedittis, G. (2016). Hypnosis and fibromyalgia. In G. Elkins (Ed.), Handbook of medical and psychological hypnosis (pp. 235–244). Springer.
  • De Benedittis, G. (2018). Hypnotherapy for fibromyalgia. In M. P. Jensen (Ed.), Hypnotic techniques for chronic pain management. Favorite methods of master clinicians (pp. 54–75). Denny Creek Press.
  • de C Williams, A. C., Fisher, E., Hearn, L., & Eccleston, C. (2020). Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 8(8), CD007407. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007407.pub4
  • Elkins, G., Jensen, M. P., & Patterson, D. R. (2007). Hypnotherapy for the management of chronic pain. International Journal of Clinical Experimental Hypnosis, 55(3), 275–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207140701338621
  • Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., Koss, M. P., & Marks, J. S. (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14(4), 245–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(98)00017-8
  • Fitzcharles, M.-A., Cohen, S. P., Clauw, D. J., Littlejohn, G., Usui, C., & Häuser, W. (2021). Nociplastic pain: Towards an understanding of prevalent pain conditions. Lancet, 397(10289), 2098–2110. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00392-5
  • Foa, E. B., Cashman, L., Jaycox, L., & Perry, K. (1997). The validation of a self-report measure of posttraumatic stress disorder: The Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale. Psychological Assessment, 9(4), 445–451. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.9.4.445
  • Giorgi, V., Sirotti, S., Romano, M. E., Marotto, D., Ablin, J. N., Salaffi, F., & Sarzi-Puttini, P. (2022). Fibromyalgia: One year in review 2022. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. https://doi.org/10.55563/clinexprheumatol/if9gk2
  • Glombiewski, J. A., Sawyer, A. T., Gutermann, J., Koenig, K., Rief, W., & Hofmann, S. G. (2010). Psychological treatments for fibromyalgia: A meta-analysis. Pain, 151(2), 280–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2010.06.011
  • Haanen, H. C., Hoenderdos, H. T., van Romunde, L. K., Hop, W. C., Mallee, C., Terwiel, J. P., & Hekster, G. B. (1991). Controlled trial of hypnotherapy in the treatment of refractory fibromyalgia. Journal of Rheumatology, 18(1), 72–75.
  • Häuser, W., & De Benedittis, G. (in press). Hypnosis and fibromyalgia syndrome. In J. Linden, G. De Benedittis, K. Varga, & L. Sugarman (Eds.), The international handbook of clinical hypnosis. Routledge.
  • Häuser, W., Galek, A., Erbslöh-Möller, B., Köllner, V., Kühn-Becker, H., Langhorst, J., Petermann, F., Prothmann, U., Winkelmann, A., Schmutzer, G., Brähler, E., & Glaesmer, H. (2013). Posttraumatic stress disorder in fibromyalgia syndrome: Prevalence, temporal relationship between posttraumatic stress and fibromyalgia symptoms, and impact on clinical outcome. Pain, 154(8), 1216–1223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2013.03.034
  • Häuser, W., Hoffmann, E. M., Wolfe, F., Worthing, A. B., Stahl, N., Rothenberg, R., & Walitt, B. (2015). Self-reported childhood maltreatment, lifelong traumatic events and mental disorders in fibromyalgia syndrome: A comparison of US and German outpatients. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, 33(Suppl. 88), S86–S92.
  • Häuser, W., Kosseva, M., Üceyler, N., Klose, P., & Sommer, C. (2011). Emotional, physical, and sexual abuse in fibromyalgia syndrome: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Arthritis Care & Research, 63(6), 808–820. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.20328
  • Inglese, S., Zago, S., Delli Pozzi, A., & De Benedittis, G. (2012). Cognitive impairment in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome and non-specific chronic low back pain: A comparative study [Paper presentation]. The 12th World Congress on Pain, Milano, Italy.
  • Jiao, J., Vincent, A., Cha, S. S., Luedtke, C. A., & Oh, T. H. (2015). Association of abuse history with symptom severity and quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia. Rheumatology International, 35(3), 547–553. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-014-3113-0
  • Jones, K. D., Gelbart, T., Whisenant, T. C., Waalen, J., Mondala, T. S., Iklé, D. N., Salomon, D. R., Bennett, R. M., & Kurian, S. M. (2016). Genome-wide expression profiling in the peripheral blood of patients with fibromyalgia. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, 34(2 Suppl 96), S89–98.
  • Kaleycheva, N., Cullen, A. E., Evans, R., Harris, T., Nicholson, T., & Chalder, T. (2021). The role of lifetime stressors in adult fibromyalgia: Systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies. Psychological Medicine, 51(2), 177–193. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720004547
  • Kekecs, Z., Moss, D., Elkins, G., De Benedittis, G., Palsson, O. S., Shenefelt, P. D., Terhune, D. B., Varga, K., & Whorwell, P. J. (2022). Guidelines for the assessment of efficacy of clinical hypnosis applications. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 70(2), 104–122. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207144.2022.2049446
  • Kuchinad, A., Schweinhardt, P., Seminowicz, D. A., Wood, P. B., Chizh, B. A., & Bushnell, M. C. (2007). Accelerated brain gray matter loss in fibromyalgia patients: Premature aging of the brain? Journal of Neuroscience, 27(15), 4004–4007. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0098-07.2007
  • Kundakci, B., Kaur, J., Goh, S. L., Hall, M., Doherty, M., Zhang, W., & Abhishek, A. (2022). Efficacy of nonpharmacological interventions for individual features of fibromyalgia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Pain, 163(8), 1432–1445. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002500
  • Lami, M. J., Martínez, M. P., & Sánchez, A. I. (2013). Systematic review of psychological treatment in fibromyalgia. Current Pain and Headache Reports, 17(7), 345. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-013-0345-8
  • Lanius, R. A., Bluhm, R., Lanius, U., & Pain, C. (2006). A review of neuroimaging studies in PTSD: Heterogeneity of response to symptom provocation. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 40(8), 709–729. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2005.07.007
  • Lauche, R., Cramer, H., Häuser, W., Dobos, G., & Langhorst, J. (2015). A systematic overview of reviews for complementary and alternative therapies in the treatment of the fibromyalgia syndrome. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/610615
  • López-López, A., Matías-Pompa, B., Fernández-Carnero, J., Gil-Martínez, A., Alonso-Fernández, M., Alonso Pérez, J. L., & González Gutierrez, J. L. (2021). Blunted pain modulation response to induced stress in women with fibromyalgia with and without posttraumatic stress disorder comorbidity: New evidence of hypo-reactivity to stress in fibromyalgia? Behavioral Medicine (Washington, D.C.), 47(4), 311–323. https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2020.1758611
  • MacFarlane, G. J., Kronisch, C., Dean, L. E., Atzeni, F., Häuser, W., Fluß, E., Choy, E., Kosek, E., Amris, K., Branco, J., Dincer, F., Leino-Arjas, P., Longley, K., McCarthy, G. M., Makri, S., Perrot, S., Sarzi-Puttini, P., Taylor, A., & Jones, G. T. (2017). EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 76(2), 318–328. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209724
  • Martínez-Valero, C., Castel, A., Capafons, A., Sala, J., Espejo, B., & Cardeña, E. (2008). Hypnotic treatment synergizes the psychological treatment of fibromyalgia: A pilot study. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 50(4), 311–321. https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2008.10404298
  • Mascarenhas, R. O., Souza, M. B., Oliveira, M. X., Lacerda, A. C., Mendonça, V. A., Henschke, N., & Oliveira, V. C. (2021). Association of therapies with reduced pain and improved quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Internal Medicine, 181(1), 104. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.5651
  • Milling, L. S., Valentine, K. E., LoStimolo, L. M., Nett, A. M., & McCarley, H. S. (2021). Hypnosis and the alleviation of clinical pain: A comprehensive meta-analysis. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 69(3), 297–322. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207144.2021.1920330
  • Miró, J., Castarlenas, E., de la Vega, R., Roy, R., Solé, E., Tomé-Pires, C., & Jensen, M. P. (2016). Psychological neuromodulatory treatments for young people with chronic pain. Children (Basel, Switzerland), 3(4), E41. https://doi.org/10.3390/children3040041
  • Nardi, A. E., Karam, E. G., & Carta, M. G. (2020). Fibromyalgia patients should always be screened for post-traumatic stress disorder. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 20(9), 891–893. https://doi.org/10.1080/14737175.2020.1794824
  • Nicholas, M., Vlaeyen, J. W. S., Rief, W., Barke, A., Aziz, Q., Benoliel, R., Cohen, M., Evers, S., Giamberardino, M. A., Göbel, A., Korwisi, B., Perrot, S., Svensson, P., Wang, S. J., & Treede, R. D. (2019). The IASP taskforce for the classification of chronic pain. The IASP classification of chronic pain for ICD-11: Chronic primary pain. PAIN, 160(1), 28–37. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001390
  • Nijs, J., Loggia, M. L., Polli, A., Moens, M., Huysmans, E., Goudman, L., Meeus, M., Vanderweeën, L., Ickmans, K., & Clauw, D. (2017). Sleep disturbances and severe stress as glial activators: Key targets for treating central sensitization in chronic pain patients? Expert Opinion Therapeutic Targets, 21(8), 817–826. https://doi.org/10.1080/14728222.2017.1353603
  • Ortiz, R., Ballard, E. D., Machado-Vieira, R., Saligan, L. N., & Walitt, B. (2016). Quantifying the influence of child abuse history on the cardinal symptoms of fibromyalgia. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, 34(2 Suppl 96), S59–S66.
  • Paras, M. L., Murad, M. H., Chen, L. P., Goranson, E. N., Sattler, A. L., Colbenson, K. M., Elamin, M. B., Seime, R. J., Prokop, L. J., & Zirakzadeh, A. (2009). Sexual abuse and lifetime diagnosis of somatic disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA, 302(5), 550–561. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.1091
  • Petzke, F., Brückle, W., Eidmann, U., Heldmann, P., Köllner, V., Kühn, T., Kühn-Becker, H., Strunk-Richter, M., Schiltenwolf, M., Settan, M., von Wachter, M., Weigl, M., & Häuser, W. (2017). Allgemeine Behandlungsgrundsätze, Versorgungskoordination und Patientenschulung beim Fibromyalgiesyndrom [General treatment principles, coordination of care and patient education in fibromyalgia syndrome: Updated guidelines 2017 and overview of systematic review articles]. Schmerz, 31(3), 246–254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-017-0201-6
  • Picard, P., Jusseaume, C., Boutet, M., Dualé, C., Mulliez, A., & Aublet-Cuvellier, B. (2013). Hypnosis for management of fibromyalgia. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 61(1), 111–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207144.2013.729441
  • Pyke, T. L., Osmotherly, P. G., & Baines, S. (2017). Measuring glutamate levels in the brains of fibromyalgia patients and a potential role for glutamate in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia symptoms: A systematic review. Clinical Journal of Pain, 33(10), 944–954. https://doi.org/10.1097/AJP.0000000000000474
  • Raphael, K. G., Janal, M. N., & Nayak, S. (2004). Comorbidity of fibromyalgia and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in a community sample of women. Pain Medicine (Malden, Mass.), 5(1), 33–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4637.2004.04003.x
  • Schmidt-Wilcke, T., & Diers, M. (2017). New insight into the pathophysiology and treatment of fibromyalgia. Biomedicines, 5(2), 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines5020022
  • Sim, J., & Adams, N. (2002). Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of nonpharmacological interventions for fibromyalgia. Clinical Journal of Pain, 18(5), 324–336. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002508-200209000-00008
  • Siracusa, R., Paola, R. D., Cuzzocrea, S., & Impellizzeri, D. (2021). Fibromyalgia: Pathogenesis, mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment options update. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(8), 3891. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083891
  • Talotta, R., Bazzichi, L., Di Franco, M., Casale, R., Batticciotto, A., Gerardi, M. C., & Sarzi-Puttini, P. (2017). One year in review 2017: Fibromyalgia. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, 35 Suppl 105(3), 6–12.
  • Taylor, M. L., Trotter, D. R., & Csuka, M. E. (1995). The prevalence of sexual abuse in women with fibromyalgia. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 38(2), 229–234. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1780380211
  • Teicher, M. H., Andersen, S. L., Polcari, A., Anderson, C. M., & Navalta, C. P. (2002). Developmental neurobiology of childhood stress and trauma. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 25(2), 397–426, vii–viii. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0193-953x(01)00003-x
  • Theadom, A., Cropley, M., Smith, H. E., Feigin, V. L., & McPherson, K. (2015). Mind and body therapy for fibromyalgia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2015(4), CD001980. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001980.pub3
  • Thieme, K., & Gracely, R. H. (2009). Are psychological treatments effective for fibromyalgia pain? Current Rheumatology Reports, 11(6), 443–450. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-009-0065-6
  • Turk, D. C., & Adams, L. M. (2016). Using a biopsychosocial perspective in the treatment of fibromyalgia patients. Pain Management, 6(4), 357–369. https://doi.org/10.2217/pmt-2016-0003
  • Üçeyler, N., Burgmer, M., Friedel, E., Greiner, W., Petzke, F., Sarholz, M., Schiltenwolf, M., Winkelmann, A., Sommer, C., & Häuser, W. (2017). Ätiologie und Pathophysiologie des Fibromyalgiesyndroms. Aktualisierte Leitlinie 2017 und Übersicht von systematischen Übersichtsarbeiten sowie eine Übersicht über Studien zur Kleinfaserpathologie bei Subgruppen des FMS [Etiology and pathophysiology of fibromyalgia syndrome: Updated guidelines 2017, overview of systematic review articles and overview of studies on small fiber neuropathy in FMS subgroups]. Schmerz, 31(3), 239–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-017-0202-5
  • Van der Kolk, B. A. (2003). The neurobiology of childhood trauma and abuse. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 12(2), 293–317, ix. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1056-4993(03)00003-8
  • Varinen, A., Kosunen, E., Mattila, K., Suominen, S., Sillanmäki, L., & Sumanen, M. (2019). The association between bullying victimization in childhood and fibromyalgia. Data from the nationwide Finnish health and social support (HeSSup) study based on a sample of 64,797 individuals. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 117, 48–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.12.003
  • Vasant, D. H., & Whorwell, P. J. (2019). Gut-focused hypnotherapy for functional gastrointestinal disorders: Evidence-base, practical aspects, and the Manchester protocol. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 31(8), e13573. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13573
  • Walker, E. A., Keegan, D., Gardner, G., Sullivan, M., Bernstein, D., & Katon, W. J. (1997). Psychosocial factors in fibromyalgia compared with rheumatoid arthritis: Sexual, physical, and emotional abuse and neglect. Psychosomatic Medicine, 59(6), 572–577. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-199711000-00003
  • Whibley, D., Dean, L. E., & Basu, N. (2016). Management of widespread pain and fibromyalgia. Current Treatment Options in Rheumatology, 2(4), 312–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40674-016-0056-5
  • Wolfe, F., Clauw, D. J., Fitzcharles, M. A., Goldenberg, D. L., Häuser, W., Katz, R. L., Mease, P. J., Russell, A. S., Russell, I. J., & Walitt, B. (2016). 2016 revisions to the 2010/2011 fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, 46(3), 319–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2016.08.012
  • Wolfe, F., Clauw, D. J., Fitzcharles, M. A., Goldenberg, D. L., Häuser, W., Katz, R. S., Mease, P., Russell, A. S., Russell, I. J., & Winfield, J. B. (2011). Fibromyalgia criteria and severity scales for clinical and epidemiological studies: A modification of the ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia. Journal of Rheumatology, 38(6), 1113–1122. https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.100594.
  • Wolfe, F., Smythe, H. A., Yunus, M. B., Bennett, R. M., Bombardier, C., Goldenberg, D. L., Tugwell, P., Campbell, S. M., Abeles, M., Clark, P., Fam, A. G., Farber, S. J., Fiechtner, J. J., Michael Franklin, C., Gatter, R. A., Hamaty, D., Lessard, J., Lichtbroun, A. S., Masi, A. T., & Sheon, R. P. (1990). The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 33(2), 160–172. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1780330203
  • Yunus, M. B. (2001). The role of gender in fibromyalgia syndrome. Current Rheumatology Reports, 3(2), 128–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-001-0008-3
  • Zech, N., Hansen, E., Bernardy, K., & Häuser, W. (2017). Efficacy, acceptability and safety of guided imagery/hypnosis in fibromyalgia—A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. European Journal of Pain, 21(2), 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.933

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.