RELEARNING TOWARD MOTOR RECOVERY IN STROKE, SPINAL CORD INJURY, AND CEREBRAL PALSY: A COGNITIVE NEURAL SYSTEMS PERSPECTIVE

REFERENCES

• Brown J., Bullock D., Grossberg S. How the basal ganglia use parallel excitatory and inhibitory learning pathways to selectively respond to unexpected rewarding cues. Journal of Neuroscience. 1999; 19: 10502–10511, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bullock D. Cortical models for movement control. Plausible Neural Networks for Biological Modeling, H. A. K. Mastebroek, J. E. Vos. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA 2001; 135–162
   Google Scholar
• Bullock D. Motoneuron recruitment. Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks 2nd ed., M. Arbib. MIT press, Cambridge, MA 2003; 683–686
   Google Scholar
• Bullock D., Grossberg S., Guenther F. Neural network modeling of sensory-motor control in animals. Advances in Motor Learning and Control, H. N. Zelaznik. Human Kinetics Press, Champaign, IL 1996; 261–293
   Google Scholar
• Byrnes M. L., Thickbroom G. W., Wilson S. A., Sacco P., Shipman J. M., Stell R., Mastaglia F. L. The corticomotor representation of upper limb muscles in writer's cramp and changes following botulinum toxin injection. Brain 1998; 121: 977–988, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpenter G. A., Grossberg S. Adaptive Resonance Theory. The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks 2nd ed., M. A. Arbib. MIT press, Cambridge, MA 2002; 1–14
   Google Scholar
• Cohen M., Grossberg S. Neural dynamics of speech and language coding: Developmental programs, perceptual grouping, and competition for short-term memory. Human Neurobiology 1986; 5: 1–22, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cohen M. A., Grossberg S. Masking fields: A massively parallel neural architecture for learning, recognizing, and predicting multiple groupings of patterned data. Applied Optics 1987; 26: 1866–1892, [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Contreras-Vidal J. L., Grossberg S., Bullock D. A neural model of cerebellar learning for arm movement control: Cortico-spino-cerebellar dynamics. Learning and Memory 1997; 3: 475–502, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freeman J. A., Skapura D. M. I. The counterpropagation network. II. Self-organizing maps. III Adaptive resonance theory. Neural Networks. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA 2000; 213–339
   Google Scholar
• Grossberg S. The attentive brain. American Scientist 1995; 83: 438–449, [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Grossberg S. The link between brain learning, attention, and consciousness. Consciousness and Cognition 1999; 8: 1–44, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grossberg S. Adaptive Resonance Theory. Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. Macmillan Reference Ltd, London 2000a; 1–13
   Google Scholar
• Grossberg S. The complementary brainUnifying brain dynamics and modularity. Trends in Cognitive Science 2000b; 4: 233–246, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grossberg S. Linking attention to learning, expectation, competition and consciousness. Neurobiology of Attention, L. Itti, G. Rees, J. Tsotsos. Academic Press, New York 2003a; 1–19
   Google Scholar
• Grossberg S. How does the cerebral cortex work? Development, lLearning, attention, and 3D vision by laminar circuitries of visual cortex. Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews 2003b; 2: 47–76, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grossberg S. Resonant neural dynamics of speech perception. Journal of Phonetics 2003c; 31: 423–445, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Grossberg S., Kuperstein M. 1. Parallel processing of movement and error signals. 2. Are there universal principles of sensory-motor control?. The Neural Dynamics of Adaptive Sensory Motor Control Expanded edition. Pergamon Press, Elmsford, New York 1989; 31–53, 291–293
   Google Scholar
• Grossberg S., Williamson J. R. A neural model of how horizontal and interlaminar connections of visual cortex develop into adult circuits that carry out perceptual grouping and learning. Cerebral Cortex 2001; 11: 37–58, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kaas J. The reorganization of somatosensory and motor cortex after peripheral nerve or spinal cord injury in primates. Progress in Brain Research 2000; 128: 173–179, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Killackey H. P., Rhoades R. W., Bennett-Clarke C. A. The formation of a cortical somatotopic map. Trends in Neuroscience 1995; 18: 402–407, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kohonen T. Self-Organization and Associative Memory. Springer-Verlag, New York 1984
   Google Scholar
• Kosko B. 1. Neuronal dynamics: Activations and signals. 2. Synaptic dynamics: Unsupervised learning. Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems. A dynamical systems approach to machine intelligence. Prentice-Hall, Inc, Englewood Cliffs, NJ 2000; 39–177
   Google Scholar
• Krishnan R. V. Cortico-spinal tract interaction in locomotor development and motorunits formation. International Journal of Neuroscience 1980; 10: 89–93, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krishnan R. V. A theory on the lability and stability of spinal motoneurons soma size and induction of synaptogenesis in the adult spinal cord. International Journal of Neuroscience 1983; 21: 279–292, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krishnan R. V. Induction of plasticity in the isolated spinal cord in paraplegia. International Journal of Neuroscience 1991; 56: 81–92, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krishnan R. V. Spinal cord injury: Inductive lability can enhance and hasten recovery. International Journal of Neuroscience 2003a; 113: 761–775, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krishnan R. V. Relearning of locomotion in injured spinal cord. New directions for rehabilitation programs. International Journal of Neuroscience 2003b; 113: 1333–1351, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krishnan R. V. Spinal cord injury: Reversing the incorrect cortical maps by inductive lability procedure. International Journal of Neuroscience 2004; 114: 801–821, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Krishnan R. V. Botulinum toxin: From spasticity reliever to a neuromotor re-learning tool. International Journal of Neuroscience. 2005; 115: 1451–1467, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raizada R. D. S., Grossberg S. Towards a theory of the laminar architecture of the cerebral cortex: Computational clues from the visual system. Cerebral Cortex 2003; 13: 100–113, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouiller E. M., Oliver E. Functional recovery after lesions of the primary motor cortex. Progress in Brain Research 2004; 143: 467–475, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Touwen B. C. L. How normal is variable, or how variable is normal?. Early Human Development 1993; 34: 1–12, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Heijst J. J., Vos J. E., Bullock D. Development in a biologically inspired spinal neural network for movement control. Neural Networks. 1998; 11: 1305–1316, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Van Heijst J. J., Touwen B. C. L., Vos J. E. Implications of a neural network model of early sensori-motor development for the field of developmental neurology. Early Human Development 1999; 55: 77–95, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar