Time estimation exposure modifies cognitive aspects and cortical activity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults

References

• Fontes R, Ribeiro J, Gupta DS, et al. Time perception mechanisms at central nervous system. Neurol Int. 2016;8(1):5939.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marinho V, Oliveira T, Rocha K, et al. The dopaminergic system dynamic in the time perception: a review of the evidence. Int J Neurosci. 2018;128(3):262–282.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grommet EK, Droit-Volet S, Gil S, et al. Time estimation of fear cues in human observers. Behav Processes. 2011;86(1):88–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews WJ, Meck WH. Time perception: the bad news and the good. WIREs Cogn Sci. 2014;5(4):429–446.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rocha K, Marinho V, Magalhães F, et al. Low-frequency rTMS stimulation over superior parietal cortex medially improve time reproduction and increases the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex predominance. Int J Neurosci. 2018;18:1–28.
   Google Scholar
• Magalhães F, Rocha K, Marinho V, et al. Neurochemical changes in basal ganglia affect time perception in parkinsonians. J Biomed Sci. 2018;25(1):26.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marinho V, Oliveira T, Bandeira J, et al. Genetic influence alters the brain synchronism in perception and timing. J Biomed Sci. 2018;25(1):61.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Arnsten AF. Fundamentals of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: circuits and pathways. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006;67(Suppl 8):7–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bluschke A, Schuster J, Roessner V, et al. Neurophysiological mechanisms of interval timing dissociate inattentive and combined ADHD subtypes. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):2033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coull JT, Cheng RK, Meck WH. Neuroanatomical and neurochemical substrates of timing. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2011;36(1):3–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson TW, Heinrichs-Graham E, White ML, et al. Estimating the passage of minutes: deviant oscillatory frontal activity in medicated and unmedicated ADHD. Neuropsychology. 2013;27(6):654–665.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badgaiyan RD, Sinha S, Sajjad M, et al. Attenuated tonic and enhanced phasic release of dopamine in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. PLoS One. 2015;10(9):e0137326.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hwang-Gu SL, Gau S. Interval timing deficits assessed by time reproduction dual tasks as cognitive endophenotypes for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0127157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmer L. Positron emission tomography neuroimaging for a better understanding of the biology of ADHD. Neuropharmacology. 2009;57(7–8):601–607.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toplak ME, Rucklidge JJ, Hetherington R, et al. Time perception déficits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and comorbid reading difficulties in child and adolescent samples. J Child Psychol Psychiat. 2003;44(6):888–903.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkley RA, Fischer M, Smallish L, et al. The persistence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder into young adulthood as a function of reporting source and definition of disorder. J Abnorm Psychol. 2002;111(2):279–289.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gold MS, Blum K, Oscar-Berman M, et al. Low dopamine function in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: should genotyping signify early diagnosis in children? Postgrad Med. 2014;126(1):153–177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurks PP, Hendriksen JG. Retrospective and prospective time deficits in childhood ADHD: the effects of task modality, duration, and symptom dimensions. Child Neuropsychol. 2010;17(1):34–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antshel KM, Barkley R. Psychosocial interventions in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2008;17(2):421–437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu MG, Ye Z, Li QY, et al. Changes of brain structure and function in ADHD children. Brain Topogr. 2011;24(3-4):243–252.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Konrad A, Dielentheis TF, El Masri D, et al. Disturbed structural connectivity is related to inattention and impulsivity in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Eur J Neurosci. 2010;31(5):912–919.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casey BJ, Nigg JT, Durston S. New potential leads in the biology and treatment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Curr Opin Neurol. 2007;20(2):119–124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francx W, Oldehinkel M, Oosterlaan J, et al. The executive control network and symptomatic improvement in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Cortex. 2015;73:62–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cepeda NJ, Cepeda ML, Kramer AF. Task switching and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2000;28(3):213–226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubia K, Alegria A, Brinson H. Imaging the ADHD brain: disorder-specificity, medication effects and clinical translation. Expert Rev Neurother. 2014;14(5):519–538.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Esposito M, Postle BR. The cognitive neuroscience of working memory. Annu Rev Psychol. 2015;66:115–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart H, Radua J, Mataix-Cols D, et al. Meta-analysis of fMRI studies of timing in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2012;36(10):2248–2256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noreika V, Falter CM, Rubia K. Timing deficits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): evidence from neurocognitive and neuroimaging studies. Neuropsychologia. 2013;51(2):235–266.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubia K, Halari R, Christakou A, et al. Impulsiveness as a timing disturbance: neurocognitive abnormalities in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder during temporal processes and normalization with methylphenidate. Phil Trans R Soc B. 2009;364(1525):1919–1931.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durston S, van Belle J, Zeeuw P. Differentiating frontostriatal and fronto-cerebellar circuits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2011;69(12):1178–1184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen YY, Liaw LJ, Liang JM, et al. Timing perception and motor coordination on rope jumping in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2013;14(2):105–109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liston C, Cohen MM, Teslovich T, et al. Atypical prefrontal connectivity in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: pathway to disease or pathological end point? Biol Psychiatry. 2011;69(12):1168–1177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morillon B, Schroeder CE. Neuronal oscillations as a mechanistic substrate of auditory temporal prediction. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2015;1337(1):26–31.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• VanRullen R. Perceptual cycles. Trends Cogn Sci. 2016;20(10):723–735.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanslmayr S, Volberg G, Wimber M, et al. Prestimulus oscillatory phase at 7 hz gates cortical information flow and visual perception. Curr Biol. 2013;23(22):2273–2278.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minkwitz J, Trenner MU, Sander C, et al. Time perception at different EEG-vigilance levels. Behav Brain Funct. 2012;8(1):50.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hegerl A, Himmerich H, Engmann B, et al. Mania and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: common symptomatology, common pathophysiology and common treatment?. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2010;23(1):1–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribeiro JA, Marinho FVC, Rocha K, et al. Low-frequency rTMS in the superior parietal córtex affects the working memory in horizontal axis during the spatial task performance. Neurol Sci. 2018;39(3):527–532.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jozefowiez J, Polack CW, Machado A, et al. Trial frequency effects in human temporal bisection: implications for theories of timing. Behav Processes. 2014;101:81–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marinho FVC, Pinto GR, Oliveira T, et al. The SLC6A3 3’-UTR VNTR and intron 8 VNTR polymorphisms association in the time estimation. Brain Struct Funct. 2019;224(1):253–262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rösler M, Retz W, Thome J, et al. Psychopathological rating scales for diagnostic use in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2006;256(S1):i3–11.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown SW. Time perception and attention: the effects of prospective versus retrospective paradigms and task demands on perceived duration. Perception Psychophys. 1985;38(2):115–124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mioni G, Stablum F, McClintock SM, et al. Different methods for reproducing time, different results. Atten Percept Psychophys. 2014;76(3):675–681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jung TP, Makeig S, Humphries C, et al. Removing electroencephalographic artifacts by blind source separation. Psychophysiology. 2000;37(2):163–178.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siebner R, Takano B, Peinemann A, et al. Continuous transcranial magnetic stimulation during positron emission tomography: a suitable tool for imaging regional excitability of the human cortex. NeuroImage. 2001;14(4):883–890.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neuper C, Pfurtscheller G. Event-related dynamics of cortical rhythms: frequency-specific features and functional correlates. Int J Psychophysiol. 2001;43(1):41–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamidi M, Tononi G, Postle BR. Evaluating frontal and parietal contributions to spatial working memory with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Brain Research. 2008;1230:202–210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New York (NY): Routledge Academic; 1998.
   Google Scholar
• Slater JL, Tate MC. Timing deficits in ADHD: insights from the neuroscience of musical rhythm. Front Comput Neurosci. 2018;12:51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Citri A, Malenka RC. Synaptic plasticity: multiple forms, functions, and mechanisms. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2008;33(1):18–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen MH, Su TP, Chen YS, et al. Asthma and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a nationwide population-based prospective cohort study. J Child Psychol Psychiatr. 2013;54(11):1208–1214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkley RA, Fischer M. Predicting impairment in major life activities and occupational functioning in hyperactive children as adults: self-reported executive function (EF) déficits versus EF tests. Dev Neuropsychol. 2011;36(2):137–161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wittmann M, Simmons AN, Flagan T, et al. Neural substrates of time perception and impulsivity. Brain Res. 2011;1406:43–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Dam LC, Ernst MO. Relative errors can cue absolute visuomotor mappings. Exp Brain Res. 2015;233(12):3367–3377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makris N, Biederman J, Valera EM, et al. Cortical thinning of the attention and executive function networks in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Cereb Cortex. 2007;17(6):1364–1375.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolu N, Golgeli A, Suer C, et al. Sex-related differences in time estimation and the role of expectancy. Int J Neurosci. 2004;114(7):805–815.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang M, Zhang L, Yu Y, et al. Women overestimate temporal duration: evidence from chinese emotional words. Front Psychol. 2017;8:4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Volkinburg H, Balsam P. Effects of emotional valence and arousal on time perception. Timing Time Percept. 2014;2(3):360–378.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Droit-Volet S, Fayolle SL, Gil S. Emotion and time perception: effects of film-induced mood. Front Integr Neurosci. 2011;5:33
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Effron DA, Niedenthal PM, Gil S, et al. Embodied temporal perception of emotion. Emotion. 2006;6(1):1–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen O, Gips B, Bergmann TO, et al. Temporal coding organized by coupled alpha and gamma oscillations prioritize visual processing. Trends Neurosci. 2014;37(7):357–369.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiener M, Turkeltaub P, Coslett HB. The image of time: a voxel-wise meta-analysis. Neuroimage. 2010;49(2):1728–1740.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emond V, Joyal C, Poissant H. [Structural and functional neuroanatomy of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)]. Encephale. 2009;35(2):107–114. Apr
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stuss DT. Functions of the frontal lobes: relation to executive functions. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2011;17(05):759–765.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marco R, Miranda A, Schlotz W, et al. Sonuga-Barke EJ. Delay and reward choice in ADHD: an experimental test of the role of delay aversion. Neuropsychology. 2009;23(3):367–380.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith ME, McEvoy LK, Gevins A. Neurophysiological indices of strategy development and skill acquisition. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 1999;7(3):389–404.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Menon V, Uddin LQ. Saliency, switching, attention and control: a network model of insula function. Brain Struct Funct. 2010;214(5–6):655–667.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbon J. Scalar expectancy theory and Weber’s law in animal timing. Psychological Review. 1977;84 (3):279–325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarbo K, Verstynen TD. Converging structural and functional connectivity of orbitofrontal, dorsolateral prefrontal, and posterior parietal cortex in the human striatum. J Neurosci. 2015;35(9):3865–3878.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vallesi A, Shallice T, Walsh V. Role of the prefrontal cortex in the foreperiod effect: TMS evidence for dual mechanisms in temporal preparation. Cereb Cortex. 2006;17(2):466–474.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zaehle T, Sandmann P, Thorne JD, et al. Transcranial direct current stimulation of the prefrontal cortex modulates working memory performance: combined behavioural and electrophysiological evidence. BMC Neurosci. 2011;12(1):2.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haghighi M, Ludyga S, Rahimi B, et al. In patients suffering from major depressive disorders, quantitative EEG showed favorable changes in left and right prefrontal cortex. Psychiatry Res. 2017;251:137–141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gironell A, Rami L, Kulisevsky J, et al. Lack of prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation effects in time production processing. Eur J Neurol. 2005;12(11):891–896.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeon SY, Han SJ. Improvement of the working memory and naming by transcranial direct current stimulation. Ann Rehabil Med. 2012;36(5):585–595.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar