RED BOWL-SHAPED FLOWERS: CONVERGENCE FOR BEETLE POLLINATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION

REFERENCES

• Armstrong , J. A. 1979 . Biotic pollination mechanisms in Australian flora—a review. . N. Z. J. Bot. , 17 : 467 – 508 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernhardt , P. 1983 . “ The floral biology of Amyema in South-Eastern Australia. ” . In The Biology of Mistletoes. Edited by: Calder , M. and Bernhardt , P. 87 – 100 . London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bernhardt , P. and Thien , L. B. 1987 . Self-isolation and pollination in primitive angiosperms: new evaluations of older hypotheses. . Plant Syst. Evol. , 156 : 169 – 1976 .
   Google Scholar
• Crowson , R. A. 1981 . The Biology of Coleoptera. London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Daumer , K. 1958 . Blumenfarben, wie sie die Bienen sehen. . Z. Vgl. Physiol. , 41 : 49 – 110 .
   Google Scholar
• Davis , P. H. 1984 . Hora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands. Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Diels , L. 1916 . Käferblumen bei den-Ranales und ihre Bedeutung für die Phylogenie der Angiospermen. . Ber. Dtsch. Bot. Ges. , 34 : 758 – 774 .
   Google Scholar
• Faegri , K. and van der Pijl , L. 1979 . The Principles of Pollination Ecology., , 3rd ed. Oxford : Pergamon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Feinsinger , P. 1987 . Effects of plant species on each other's pollination: Is community structure influenced?*. . Trends Ecol. Evol. , 2 : 123 – 126 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Frisch , K. 1914 . Der Farbensinn und Formensinn der Biene. . Zool. Jahrb., Abt Allg. Zool. Physiol. Tiere , 40 : 1 – 182 .
   Google Scholar
• Fuchs , G. V. 1975 . Die Gewinnung von Pollen und Nektar bei Käfern. . Nat Mus. , 104 : 45 – 54 .
   Google Scholar
• Gleason , S. K. 1981 . Character displacement in flowering phenologies. . Oecologia , 51 : 294 – 295 .
   Google Scholar
• Gottsberger , G. 1970 . Beiträge zur Biologie von Annonaceen-Blüten. . Osten. Bot Z. , 118 : 237 – 279 .
   Google Scholar
• Grant , K. and Grant , V. 1968 . Hummingbirds and their Flowers. New York : Columbia University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hall , A. D. 1940 . The Genus Tulipa. Royal Horticultural Society, London.
   Google Scholar
• Hawkeswood , T. J. 1982 . Notes on insect pollination of two species of Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) from Southwest Western Australia. . Vic. Nat. , 99 : 28 – 36 .
   Google Scholar
• Ivri , Y. 1985 . Observations on the pollination of red showy flowers. . Rotem , 14 : 5 – 13 . (in Hebrew)
   Google Scholar
• Komarov , V. L. 1935 . Hora of the USSR. Vol. 4 , Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Leningrad. English Translation (1968): I.P.S.T., Jerusalem
   Google Scholar
• Meikle , M. 1985 . Hora of Cyprus. Vol. 2 , Royal Botanic Gardens : Kew . Bentham-Moxon
   Google Scholar
• Mouterde , P. 1966 . Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie I; Text and Atlas. Imp. Cathol., Beirut.
   Google Scholar
• Pellmyr , O. 1984 . The pollination ecology of Actaea spicata . Nord J. Bot , 4 : 443 – 456 .
   Google Scholar
• Pellmyr , O. and Thien , B. L. 1986 . Insect reproduction and floral fragrances: Keys to the evolution of the angiosperms?*. . Taxon , 35 : 76 – 85 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Proctor , M. and Yeo , P. 1973 . The Pollination of Flowers. 418 London : Collins .
   Google Scholar
• Raven , P. H. 1973 . Why do birds visit flowers predominantly red?*. . Evolution , 26 : 674
   Google Scholar
• Takhtajan , A. 1969 . Flowering Plants—Origin and Dispersal. Edinburgh : Oliver and Boyd .
   Google Scholar
• Tutin , G. , eds. 1980 . Flora Europaea. Vol. 5 , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Vogel , S. 1978 . “ Evolutionary shifts from reward to deception in pollen flowers ” . In The Pollination of Flowers by Insects. Edited by: Richards , A. J. 89 – 96 . London : Academic Press . Linn. Soc. Symp. Sec. 6
   Google Scholar
• Willemstein , S. C. 1987 . An Evolutionary Basis for Pollination Ecology. Leiden : E.J. Brill . University Press, Leiden
   Google Scholar
• Willis , J. C. 1973 . A Dictionary of the Flowering Plants and Ferns., , 8th ed. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar