1,208
Views
47
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Defining the standards for medical grade honey

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 125-135 | Received 19 Jul 2019, Accepted 30 Oct 2019, Published online: 27 Nov 2019

References

  • Abd Ghafar, N., Ker-Woon, C., Hui, C. K., Mohd Yusof, Y. A., & Wan Ngah, W. Z. (2016). Mohd Yusof YA, Wan Ngah WZ. Acacia honey accelerates in vitro corneal ulcer wound healing model. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 16(1), 259. doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1248-0
  • Abdulla, C. O., Ayubi, A., Zulfiquer, F., Santhanam, G., Ahmed, M. A., & Deeb, J. (2012). Infant botulism following honey ingestion. Case Reports, 2012, bcr1120115153. doi:10.1136/bcr.11.2011.5153
  • Adams, C. J., Manley-Harris, M., & Molan, P. C. (2009). The origin of methylglyoxal in New Zealand manuka (Leptospermum scoparium) honey. Carbohydrate Research, 344(8), 1050–1053. doi:10.1016/j.carres.2009.03.020
  • Association for Organic Agriculture. (2005). Standards for organic beekeeping. Gräfelfing: Naturland.
  • Ahmed, S., & Othman, N. H. (2013). Review of the medicinal effects of tualang honey and a comparison with manuka honey. The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences: MJMS, 20(3), 6–13.
  • Ali, F. R., Fox, J., & Finlayson, A. E. (2013). Hippocrates on ulcers. JAMA Dermatology, 149(9), 1049. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.4779
  • Allen, K. L., Molan, P. C., & Reid, G. M. (1991). A survey of the antibacterial activity of some New Zealand honeys. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 43(12), 817–822. doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1991.tb03186.x
  • Alvarez-Suarez, J. M., Gasparrini, M., Forbes-Hernandez, T. Y., Mazzoni, L., & Giampieri, F. (2014). The composition and biological activity of honey: A focus on Manuka honey. Foods, 3(3), 420–432. doi:10.3390/foods3030420
  • Alvarez-Suarez, J. M., Tulipani, S., Diaz, D., Estevez, Y., Romandini, S., & Giampieri, F. (2010). Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of several monofloral Cuban honeys and their correlation with color, polyphenol content and other chemical compounds. Food and chemical toxicology: An international journal published for the British Industrial. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 48(8–9), 2490–2499. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2010.06.021
  • Alvarez-Suarez, J. M., González- Paramás, A. M., Santos-Buelga, C., & Battino, M., (2010). Antioxidant characterization of native monofloral Cuban honeys. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58(17), 9817–9824. doi:10.1021/jf1018164
  • Al-Waili, N., Salom, K., Al-Ghamdi, A., & Ansari, M. J. (2012). Antibiotic, pesticide, and microbial contaminants of honey: Human health hazards. The Scientific World Journal, 2012, 1. doi:10.1100/2012/930849
  • Anthimidou, E., & Mossialos, D. (2013). Antibacterial activity of Greek and Cypriot honeys against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in comparison to manuka honey. Journal of Medicinal Food, 16(1), 42–47. doi:10.1089/jmf.2012.0042
  • Badawy, O. F., Shafii, S. S., Tharwat, E. E., & Kamal, A. M. (2004). Antibacterial activity of bee honey and its therapeutic usefulness against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium infection. Revue Scientifique et Technique de L'oie), 23(3), 1011–1022. doi:10.20506/rst.23.3.1543
  • Bang, L. M., Buntting, C., & Molan, P. (2003). The effect of dilution on the rate of hydrogen peroxide production in honey and its implications for wound healing. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 9(2), 267–273. doi:10.1089/10755530360623383
  • Bicchi, C., Belliardo, F., & Frattini, C. (1983). Identification of the volatile components of some Piedmontese honeys. Journal of Apicultural Research, 22(2), 130–136. doi:10.1080/00218839.1983.11100574
  • Boateng, J., & Diunase, K. N. (2015). Comparing the antibacterial and functional properties of Cameroonian and Manuka Honeys for potential wound healing-have we come full cycle in dealing with antibiotic resistance? Molecules, 20(9), 16068–16084. doi:10.3390/molecules200916068
  • Bogdanov, S. (2006). Contaminants of bee products. Apidologie, 37(1), 1–18. doi:10.1051/apido:2005043
  • Bouseta, A., Scheirman, V., & Collin, S. (1996). Flavor and free amino acid composition of lavender and eucalyptus honeys. Journal of Food Science, 61(4), 683–687. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1996.tb12181.x
  • Brugman, A. (2014). Effect of extreme heat on bees: Organic Honey Upper Beaconsfield Apiaries - Vichoney. Retrieved from https://organichoney.melbourne/effect-of-extreme-heat-on-bees/
  • Castillo, A., Mckenzie, K. S., Lucia, L. M., & Acuff, G. R. (2003). Ozone treatment for reduction of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Salmonella serotype typhimurium on beef carcass surfaces. Journal of Food Protection, 66(5), 775–779. doi:10.4315/0362-028X-66.5.775
  • Chou, J. W., Skornicki, M., & Cohen, J. T. (2018). Unintended consequences of the potential phase-out of gamma irradiation. F1000Research, 7, 348. doi:10.12688/f1000research.14090.1
  • Commission, C. A. (1981). Standard for Honey Codex Stan 12-1981. Codex Standard, 12, 1–8.
  • Connolly, C. N. (2017). Nerve agents in honey. Science, 358(6359), 38–39. doi:10.1126/science.aao6000
  • Cramer, L., & Beuerle, T. (2012). Detection and quantification of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in antibacterial medical honeys. Planta Medica, 78(18), 1976–1982. doi:10.1055/s-0032-1327900
  • Crowe, K. M., Bushway, A. A., Bushway, R. J., Davis-Dentici, K., & Hazen, R. A. A. (2007). comparison of single oxidants versus advanced oxidation processes as chlorine-alternatives for wild blueberry processing (Vaccinium angustifolium). International Journal of Food Microbiology, 116(1), 25–31. doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.12.027
  • Crowe, K. M., Bushway, A. A., Bushway, R. J., & Hazen, R. A. (2006). Evaluation of chemical and photochemical oxidation processes for degradation of phosmet on lowbush blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(25), 9608–9613. doi:10.1021/jf0616210
  • Eteraf-Oskouei, T., & Najafi, M. (2013). Traditional and modern uses of natural honey in human diseases: A review. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 16(6), 731–742.
  • European Honey Directive. (2001). Official Journal of the European Communities12.1.2002 L 10/47 COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2001/110/EC of 20 December 2001 relating to honey, L 10.
  • Ferreira, I., Aires, E., Barreira, J. C. M., & Estevinho, L. M. (2009). Antioxidant activity of Portuguese honey samples: Different contributions of the entire honey and phenolic extract. Food Chemistry, 114(4), 1438–1443. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.11.028
  • Fukuda, M., Kobayashi, K., Hirono, Y., Miyagawa, M., Ishida, T., Ejiogu, E. C., … Takeuchi, M. (2011). Jungle honey enhances immune function and antitumor activity. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2011, 1. doi:10.1093/ecam/nen086
  • Graddon, A. D., Morrison, J. D., & Smith, J. F. (1979). Volatile constituents of some unifloral Australian honeys. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 27(4), 832–837. doi:10.1021/jf60224a046
  • Grego, E., Robino, P., Tramuta, C., Giusto, G., Boi, M., Colombo, R., … Nebbia, P. (2016). Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of Italian honey for wound healing application in veterinary medicine. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd, 158(7), 521–527. doi:10.17236/sat00075
  • Grenda, T., Grabczak, M., Goldsztejn, M., Kozieł, N., Kwiatek, K., Pohorecka, K., … Bober, A. (2018). Clostridium perfringens spores in polish honey samples. Journal of Veterinary Research, 62(3), 281–284. doi:10.2478/jvetres-2018-0040
  • Gupta, R. K., & Reybroeck, W. (2014). Management and sanitation. In R. K. Gupta, W. Reybroeck, J. W. van Veen, & A. Gupta (Eds.), Beekeeping for poverty alleviation and livelihood security: Technological aspects of beekeeping (Vol. 1, p. 665). Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9199-1.
  • Hagler, J. R., Mueller, S., Teuber, L. R., Machtley, S. A., & Van Deynze, A. (2011). Foraging range of honey bees, Apis mellifera, in alfalfa seed production fields. Journal of Insect Science, 11(1), 144. doi:10.1673/031.011.14401
  • Hoarau, G., Pelloux, I., Gayot, A., Wroblewski, I., Popoff, M.-R., Mazuet, C., … Croizé, J. (2012). Two cases of type A infant botulism in Grenoble, France: No honey for infants. European Journal of Pediatrics, 171(3), 589–591. doi:10.1007/s00431-011-1649-5
  • Hsieh, S., Maranda, E. L., Salih, T., Nguyen, A., Marsh, A. M., & Jimenez, J. J. (2016). The power to heal. JAMA Dermatology, 152(8), 954. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2015.4236
  • International Organization for Standardization. (2007). ISO 14971:2007 Medical devices - Application of risk management to medical devices. Retrieved from https://www.iso.org/standard/38193.html
  • Joseph, C. J., Khoo, T. B., & Lee, K. Y. (2017). Flaccid paralysis in an infant associated with a dirty wound and application of honey. BMJ Case Reports, 2017, bcr2016218044.
  • Ker-Woon, C., Abd Ghafar, N., Kien Hui, C., & Mohd Yusof, Y. (2014). Mohd Yusof YA. Effect of acacia honey on cultured rabbit corneal keratocytes. BMC Cell Biology, 15(1), 19. doi:10.1186/1471-2121-15-19
  • Khalil, M. I., Alam, N., Moniruzzaman, M., Sulaiman, S. A., & Gan, S. H. (2011). Phenolic acid composition and antioxidant properties of Malaysian honeys. Journal of Food Science, 76(6), C921–C928. doi:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02282.x
  • Kim, J. G., Yousef, A. E., & Dave, S. (1999). Application of ozone for enhancing the microbiological safety and quality of foods: A review. Journal of Food Protection, 62(9), 1071–1087. doi:10.4315/0362-028X-62.9.1071
  • Kleppe, K. (1966). The effect of hydrogen peroxide on glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger*. Biochemistry, 5(1), 139–143. doi:10.1021/bi00865a018
  • Kružík, V., Grégrová, A., Rajchl, A., & Čížková, H. (2017). Study on honey quality evaluation and detection of adulteration by analysis of volatile compounds. Journal of Apicultural Science, 61(1), 17–27. doi:10.1515/jas-2017-0002
  • Kus, P. M., Szweda, P., Jerkovic, I., & Tuberoso, C. I. (2016). Activity of Polish unifloral honeys against pathogenic bacteria and its correlation with colour, phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and other parameters. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 62(3), 269–276. doi:10.1111/lam.12541
  • Kwakman, P. H., Te Velde, A. A., de Boer, L., Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C. M., & Zaat, S. A. (2011). Two major medicinal honeys have different mechanisms of bactericidal activity. PLoS One, 6(3), e17709. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017709
  • Langstroth, L. L. (1922). Langstroth on the hive & honey bee: Twenty-first edition. Hamilton, IL: The American Bee Journal.
  • Leveen, H. H., Falk, G., Borek, B., Diaz, C., Lynfield, Y., Wynkoop, B. J., … Christoudias, G. C. (1973). Chemical acidification of wounds. An adjuvant to healing and the unfavorable action of alkalinity and ammonia. Annals of Surgery, 178(6), 745–753. doi:10.1097/00000658-197312000-00011
  • Lopez-Laso, E., Roncero-Sanchez-Cano, I., Arce-Portillo, E., Ley-Martos, M., Aguirre-Rodriguez, J., & Garcia-Ron, A. (2014). Infant botulism in Andalusia (Southern Spain). European Journal of Paediatric Neurology, 18(3), 321–326. doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2013.12.008
  • Lusby, P. E., Coombes, A. L., & Wilkinson, J. M. (2005). Bactericidal activity of different honeys against pathogenic bacteria. Archives of Medical Research, 36(5), 464–467. doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.03.038
  • Maddocks, S. E., & Jenkins, R. E. (2013). Honey: A sweet solution to the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance? Future Microbiology, 8(11), 1419–1429. doi:10.2217/fmb.13.105
  • MAFF. (1995). Food surveillance information sheet. London: Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Food Safety Directorate.
  • Majtan, J., Bohova, J., Prochazka, E., & Klaudiny, J. (2013). Methylglyoxal may affect hydrogen peroxide accumulation in Manuka honey through the inhibition of glucose oxidase. Journal of Medicinal Food, 17(2), 290–293.
  • Mandal, M. D., & Mandal, S. (2011). Honey: Its medicinal property and antibacterial activity. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 1(2), 154–160. doi:10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60016-6
  • Ministry for Primary Industries. (2018). Apiculture: 2017 apiculture monitoring programme. Retrieved from https://landusenz.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/2017-Apiculture-monitoring-report-FINAL.pdf
  • Molan, P. C. (1992). The antibacterial activity of honey: 2. Variation in the potency of the antibacterial activity. Bee World, 73(2), 59–76. doi:10.1080/0005772X.1992.11099118
  • Molan, P. C., & Allen, K. L. (1996). The effect of gamma-irradiation on the antibacterial activity of honey. The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 48(11), 1206–1209. doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1996.tb03922.x
  • Moniruzzaman, M., Amrah Sulaiman, S., & Gan, S. H. (2017). Phenolic acid and flavonoid composition of Malaysian honeys. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 41(2), e12282. doi:10.1111/jfbc.12282
  • Murray, C. K., Hinkle, M. K., & Yun, H. C. (2008). History of infections associated with combat-related injuries. The Journal of Trauma, 64(3), S221–S231. doi:10.1097/TA.0b013e318163c40b
  • Nakano, H., Okabe, T., Hashimoto, H., & Sakaguchi, G. (1990). Incidence of Clostridium botulinum in honey of various origins. Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology, 43(5), 183–195. doi:10.7883/yoken1952.43.183
  • Novak, J. S., & Yuan, J. T. (2004). Increased inactivation of ozone-treated Clostridium perfringens vegetative cells and spores on fabricated beef surfaces using mild heat. Journal of Food Protection, 67(2), 342–346. doi:10.4315/0362-028X-67.2.342
  • Olaitan, P. B., Adeleke, O. E., & Ola, I. O. (2007). Honey: A reservoir for microorganisms and an inhibitory agent for microbes. African Health Sciences, 7(3), 159–165. doi:10.5555/afhs.2007.7.3.159
  • Pasini, F., Gardini, S., Marcazzan, G. L., & Caboni, M. F. (2013). Buckwheat honeys: Screening of composition and properties. Food Chemistry, 141(3), 2802–2811. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.102
  • Pasquet, R. S., Peltier, A., Hufford, M. B., Oudin, E., Saulnier, J., Paul, L., … Gepts, P. (2008). Long-distance pollen flow assessment through evaluation of pollinator foraging range suggests transgene escape distances. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(36), 13456–13461. doi:10.1073/pnas.0806040105
  • Porcza, L. M., Simms, C., & Chopra, M. (2016). Honey and cancer: Current status and future directions. Diseases, 4(4), 30.doi:10.3390/diseases4040030
  • Postmes, T., van den Bogaard, A. E., & Hazen, M. (1993). Honey for wounds, ulcers, and skin graft preservation. The Lancet), 341(8847), 756–757. doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)90527-N
  • Postmes, T., van den Bogaard, A. E., & Hazen, M. (1995). The sterilization of honey with cobalt 60 gamma radiation: A study of honey spiked with spores of Clostridium botulinum and Bacillus subtilis. Experientia, 51(9–10), 986–989. doi:10.1007/BF01921753
  • Pridal AMZaLU. (2002, October). Ustav Zoologie a Vcelarstvi, Vorlova L. Honey and its physical parameters. Brno, Czech Republic, p. 47.
  • Radovic, B. S., Careri, M., Mangia, A., Musci, M., Gerboles, M., & Anklam, E. (2001). Contribution of dynamic headspace GC–MS analysis of aroma compounds to authenticity testing of honey. Food Chemistry, 72(4), 511–520. doi:10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00263-6
  • Ranzato, E., Martinotti, S., & Burlando, B. (2013). Honey exposure stimulates wound repair of human dermal fibroblasts. Burns & Trauma, 1(1), 32–38. doi:10.4103/2321-3868.113333
  • Sanchez, G. M., & Burridge, A. L. (2007). Decision making in head injury management in the Edwin Smith Papyrus. Neurosurgical Focus, 23(1), 1–9. doi:10.3171/FOC-07/07/E5
  • Sergiel, I., Pohl, P., & Biesaga, M. (2014). Characterisation of honeys according to their content of phenolic compounds using high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chemistry, 145, 404–408. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.068
  • Shah, J. B. (2011). The history of wound care. The Journal of the American College of Certified Wound Specialists, 3(3), 65–66. doi:10.1016/j.jcws.2012.04.002
  • Sherlock, O., Dolan, A., Athman, R., Power, A., Gethin, G., Cowman, S., & Humphreys, H. (2010). Comparison of the antimicrobial activity of Ulmo honey from Chile and Manuka honey against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 10(1), 47. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-10-47
  • Snowdon, J. A., & Cliver, D. O. (1996). Microorganisms in honey. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 31(1–3), 1–26. doi:10.1016/0168-1605(96)00970-1
  • Sobel, J. (2005). Botulism. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 41(8), 1167–1173. doi:10.1086/444507
  • Spence, A. (2018). Trial plantation to bring new player into bioactive honey market. Adelaide: Lead.
  • Stagos, D., Soulitsiotis, N., Tsadila, C., Papaeconomou, S., Arvanitis, C., & Ntontos, A. (2018). Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of different types of honey derived from Mount Olympus in Greece. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 42(2), 726–734. doi:10.3892/ijmm.2018.3656
  • van den Berg, A. J., van den Worm, E., van Ufford, H. C., Halkes, S. B., Hoekstra, M. J., & Beukelman, C. J. (2008). An in vitro examination of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of buckwheat honey. Journal of Wound Care, 17(4), 172–178. doi:10.12968/jowc.2008.17.4.28839
  • Vandeputte, J. (2008). Method for sterilizing unheated raw honey. A honey-based wound care preparation. A wound care treatment product and a biscuit based on honey. Patent No WO/2008/049578. Munich, Germany: European Patent Office.
  • Vestergard, B. (1994). Establishing and maintaining specific pathogen free (SPF) conditions in aqueous solutions using ozone. Advances in Space Research: The Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), 14(11), 387–393.
  • WHO. (2018a). Antimicrobial resistance fact sheet. Author. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/antimicrobial-resistance
  • WHO. (2018b). Botulism fact sheet. Author. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/botulism
  • Young, J. C., Zhu, H., & Zhou, T. (2006). Degradation of trichothecene mycotoxins by aqueous ozone. Food and chemical toxicology: An international journal published for the British Industrial. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 44(3), 417–424. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2005.08.015

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.