The complexity of the learning and teaching of EFL among Swedish‐minority students in bilingual Finland

References

• Ajzen I (1988) Attitudes, Personality and Behaviour (Buckingham, UK: Open University Press)
   Google Scholar
• Björklund M (2000) Children’s informal learning acquisition of phrases—occurrence and pedagogical implications In M. Björklund and R. Heilä‐Ylikallio (eds) Språkfärdigheter och läroprocesser—estetiska och didaktiska perspektiv [Language skills and learning processes—aesthetic and didactic perspectives]. Publikationer från Pedagogiska fakulteten vid Åbo Akademi, No. 36 (Vasa, Finland: Faculty of Education, Åbo Akademi University) 117 129
   Google Scholar
• Cargile , A , Giles , H , Ryan , E and Bradac , J . (1994) . Language attitudes as a social process: a conceptual model and new directions . Language and Communication , 14 (3) : 211 – 236 .
   Google Scholar
• Channell J (1994) Vague Language (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
   Google Scholar
• Corson D (1995) Using English Words (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer)
   Google Scholar
• Cummins J (1979) Cognitive/academic language proficiency, linguistic inter‐dependence, the optimum age question and some other matters Working Papers on Bilingualism 19 (Toronto, ON: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education) 121 129
   Google Scholar
• Cummins J (2000) Putting language proficiency in its place In: J. Cenoz and U. Jessner (eds) English in Europe: The Acquisition of a Third Language (Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters) 54 83
   Google Scholar
• De Cock S Granger S Leech G McEnery T (1998) An automated approach to the phrasicon of EFL learners In: S. Granger (ed.) Learner English on Computer (London: Longman) 67 79
   Google Scholar
• Finnish National Board of Education (1994) Grunderna för grundskolans läroplan [Framework curriculum for the comprehensive school] (Helsinki: Utbildningsstyrelsen)
   Google Scholar
• Forsman L (2000) Effects of media input on incidental learning of English and on linguistic attitudes among Finland‐Swedish high‐school students In K. Sjöholm and A. Østern (eds) Perspectives on Language and Communication in Multilingual Education Reports from the Faculty of Education, No. 6 (Vaasa, Finland: Faculty of Education, Åbo Akademi University) 167 181
   Google Scholar
• Forsman L (2004) Language, Culture and Context: Exploring Knowledge and Attitudes among Finland‐Swedish EFL Students with Particular Focus on Extracurricular Influence Rapport från Pedagogiska fakulteten vid Åbo Akademi, No. 7 (Vaasa, Finland: Faculty of Education, Åbo Akademi University)
   Google Scholar
• Gardner R (1985) Social Psychology and Second Language Learning (London: Arnold)
   Google Scholar
• Henriksén S Liljeberg J (2000) Engelska behövs i världen och finska behövs i Finland [English is needed in the world and Finnish in Finland] Master’s thesis, Åbo Akademi University
   Google Scholar
• Hoffmann C (2000) The spread of English and the growth of multilingualism with English in Europe. In J. Cenoz and U. Jessner (eds) English in Europe: The Acquisition of a Third Language (Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters) 1 21
   Google Scholar
• Lintunen P (2001) The relaxed RP and elegant GA: does your accent reveal your true character? Paper presented at the Inaugural Conference of the Finnish Association for the Study of English (FISSE) Turku/Åbo, Finland
   Google Scholar
• Pietilä P (2001) Speaking skills in a foreign language: reflections on the teaching of conversational skills In M. Gill, A. Johnson, L. M. Koski, R. Sell and B. Wårvik (eds) Language, Learning, Literature. Studies Presented to Håkan Ringbom English Department Publications 4 (Åbo, Finland: Åbo Akademi University) 101 110
   Google Scholar
• Räsänen A (2001) Integrating content and language in FL‐medium instruction In E. Kimonen (ed.) Curriculum Approaches (Jyväskylä, Finland: University of Jyväskylä, Department of Teacher Education/Institute of Educational Research) 197 213
   Google Scholar
• Ringbom, H. (ed.) (1993) Near‐Native Proficiency in English English Department Publications 2 (Åbo, Finland: Åbo Akademi University)
   Google Scholar
• Shepherd J (2000) Implementation gap: an investigation of the 1994 EL curriculum in Finnish upper‐secondary casses using a multiple method perspective approach Licentiate thesis, University of Vaasa, Finland
   Google Scholar
• Sjöholm K (2000) Attitudes towards English and two national languages in Finland In K. Sjöholm and A. Østern (eds) Perspectives on Language and Communication in Multilingual Education Reports from the Faculty of Education, No. 6 (Vaasa, Finland: Faculty of Education, Åbo Akademi University) 121 143
   Google Scholar
• Sjöholm K (2001) Incidental learning of English by Swedish learners in Finland In M. Gill, A. Johnson, L. M. Koski, R. Sell and B. Wårvik (eds) Language, Learning, Literature: Studies Presented to Håkan Ringbom English Department Publications 4 (Turku, Finland: English Department, Åbo Akademi University) 77 89
   Google Scholar
• Sjöholm K (2004) English as a third language in bilingual Finland: basic communication or academic language? In C. Hoffmann and J. Ytsma (eds) Trilingualism in Family, School and Community (Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters) 219 238
   Google Scholar
• Takala S (1998) Englannin kielen taidon taso Suomessa—hyvää kehitystä [The level of English skills in Finland—favourable development] In S. Takala and K. Sajavaara (eds) Kielikoulutus Suomessa [Language education in Finland] (Jyväskylä: Finland: Jyväskylän Yliopisto) 73 89
   Google Scholar