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The Journal of Educational Research Volume 43, 1950 - Issue 9
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Original Articles

The Economic Status of the Teacher Personnel: Historical Development of the Economic Status of High School Teachers in the United States

Stuart AndersonThe Stout Institute, Menomonie, Wisconsin
Pages 697-712 | Published online: 22 Dec 2014

  • Elwood P. Cubberley, Readings in Public Education in The United States, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1934), pp. 16–17.
  • Frederick Eby and C. F. Arrowood, The Development of Modern Education, (New York: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1936), p. 710.
  • Willard, S. Elsbree, The American Teacher, (New York: American Book Co., 1939), p. 86.
  • Thomas Woody, Early Quaker Education in Pennsylvania, (New York: Bureau of Publications, Teachers College, Columbia University, 1920), p. 207.
  • William, H. Kilpatrick, The Dutch Schools of New Netherland, U. S. Bureau of Education, Bulletin No. 12, (Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1912).
  • Elsbree, op. cit., pp. 88–89.
  • Elsbree, op. cit., p. 97.
  • Ibid, pp. 273–74.
  • Warren, R. Burgess, Trends in School Costs, (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1920), p. 32.
  • Elwood, P. Cubberley, Public Education in the United States, (New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1934), p. 325.
  • Elsbree, op. cit., p. 279.
  • Burgess, op. cit., pp. 32–33.
  • Paul, H. Douglas, Real Wages in the United States, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1930), p. 328.
  • Harold, F. Clark, Life Earnings in Selected Occupations in the United States, (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1937), p. 5.
  • Charles, B. Dyke, The Economic Aspect of Teachers’ Salaries, (New York: Columbia University, 1899).
  • Report of the Committee on Salaries, Tenure, and Pensions of Public School Teachers in the United States, (Washington, D. C.: National Education Association, 1905), p. 426.
  • Report of the Committee on Teachers’ Salaries and the Cost of Living, (Washington, D. C.: National Education Association, 1913), p. 328.
  • James, C. Boykin and Roberta King (Compilers), Tangible Rewards of Teaching,(Washington, D. C: U. S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Education, 1914), Pp. 465.
  • “Teachers’ Salaries and Cost of Living,” Report of the Committee on Teachers’ Salaries, Tenure and Pensions, (Washington, D. C.: National Education Association, 1918), Pp. 73.
  • E. S. Evenden, Teachers’ Salaries and Salary Schedules in the United States, 1918–19, Commission Series No. 6, (Washington, D. C.: National Education Association, 1919), Pp. 169.
  • Warren, R. Burgess, Trends in School Costs, (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1920), Pp. 142.
  • Teachers’ Salaries and Salary Trends in 1923, Research Bulletin No. 1, (Washington, D. C: National Education Association, 1923), Pp. 115.
  • The Scheduling of Teachers’ Salaries, Research Bulletin No. 5, (Washington, D. C: National Education Association, 1927), pp. 135–90.
  • James, R. McGaughy and others, Teachers’ Salaries in New York City, Final Report of the Citizens’ Committee on Teachers’ Salaries, (New York City: Bureau of Publication, Columbia University, Teachers College, 1927), P. 256.
  • David, P. Harry, Cost of Living of Teachers in the State of New York, Contributions to Education No. 320, (New York: Teachers College, Columbia University, 1928), Pp. 184.
  • Paul, H. Douglas, Real Wages in the United States. 1890–1926. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1930), Pp. 682.
  • Lester Dix, The Economic Basis for the Teachers’ Wage, (New York: Bureau of Publications, Teachers College, Columbia University, 1931), Pp. 114.
  • Adequacy of Salaries Paid to Oakland School Teachers, Bulletin No. 11, (Sacramento: State Department of Education, 1932), Pp. 24.
  • Henry, C. Morrison, The Management of School Money, (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1932). pp. 219–59.
  • Walter, C. Eells, Teachers’ Salaries and the Cost of Living, (Stanford University, California: Standard University Press, 1933), Pp. 94.
  • R. L. C. Butsch, “Trends in the Purchasing Power of Teachers’ Salaries,” American School Board Journal, LXXXVII (October, 1933), pp. 18–20.
  • The Teachers’ Economic Position, Research Bulletin No. 13, (Washington, D. C: National Education Association, 1935), pp. 165–267.
  • Ibid. p. 204.
  • Harold, F. Clark and others, op. cit., p. 408.
  • Theresa, P. Pyle, The Teachers’ Dependency Load, Contributions to Education No. 782, (New York: Teachers College, Columbia University, 1939), Pp. 128.
  • Teachers in Rural Communities, Final Report of the Committee on the Economic Status of the Rural Teacher. (Washington, D. C: National Education Association, 1939), Pp. 127.
  • Teacher Personnel Procedures: Employment Conditions in Service, Research Bulletin No. 20, (Washington, D. C: National Education Association, May, 1942), pp. 89–90.
  • Benjamin Fine, The Crisis in American Education, A reprint of twelve articles from the New York Times. 1947. Pp. 64.
  • Salaries of City School Employees, 1946–47, Research Bulletin No. 25, (Washington, D. C: National Education Association, February, 1947), pp. 6–10.
  • “Teachers Salaries in Review,” Wisconsin Journal of Education, LXXVIII (May, 1946), p. 450.
  • “Salary Trends for Teachers and Other Groups,” Schools and Current Economic Trends, No. 2, (Washington, D. C.: National Education Association, October, 1946), P. 2.
  • Spending unit is defined as all persons living in the same dwelling and belonging to the same family who pool their incomes to meet major expenses. There may be more than one spending unit in any family.
  • Source: Statistical Release No. 465.3 Industrial Commission of Wisconsin, Statistical Department, (Madison: April 7, 1947), P. 1.
  • Source: Statistical Release No. 295.2 Industrial Commission of Wisconsin, Statistical Department, (Madison: March 10, 1947).
  • Source: Statistical Department, Industrial Commission of Wisconsin, (Madison: August, 1947).
  • Abraham Weiss, Philomena Marquardt, and Florence Lutz, “Adjustments of Wages to Changes in Cost of Living,” U. S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Industrial Relations Branch, (Washington, D. C: October, pp. 1–2.
  • Ibid. P. 3.
  • Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. S. Department of Labor, (Washington, D. C: 1948).
  • Harold, F. Clark “Teachers’ Salaries and the Cost of Living,” School Executive, LXVI (March, 1947), P. 54.
  • Charles, F. Schwartz and Robert, E. Graham, Jr., “State Income Payments in 1946,” Survey of Current Business, XXVII (August, 1947), p. 9.
  • Ibid., pp. 10–22.
  • James, S. Earley (Chairman), Report and Recommendations of the University of Wisconsin Teachers Union,(Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin, p. 12.

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