46
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The Properties of One: Facial Memory and the Isolation Effect

, &
Pages 192-206 | Received 25 Nov 1997, Accepted 21 May 1998, Published online: 30 Mar 2010

References

  • Ausubel , D. P. 1960 . The use of advance organizers in the learning and retention of meaningful verbal material . Journal of Educational Psychology , 51 : 267 – 272 .
  • Benson , P. J. and Perrett , D. I. 1994 . Visual processing of facial distinctiveness . Perception , 23 : 75 – 93 .
  • Calkins , M. W. 1896 . Association (II) . Psychological Review Monograph Supplement , 2 : 32 – 49 .
  • Cashen , V. M. and Leicht , K. L. 1970 . Role of the isolation effect in a formal educational setting . Journal of Educational Psychology , 61 : 484 – 486 .
  • Cialdini , R. B. , Reno , R. R. and Kallgren , C. A. 1990 . A focus theory of normative conduct: Recycling the concept of norms to reduce littering in public places . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 58 : 1015 – 1026 .
  • Cimbalo , R. S. 1978 . “ Making something stand out: The isolation effect in memory performance ” . In Practical aspects of memory , Edited by: Gruneberg , M. M. , Morris , P. E. and Sykes , R. N. 101 – 110 . San Diego, CA : Academic Press .
  • Cimbalo , R. S. , Capria , R. A. , Neider , L. L. and Wilkins , M. C. 1977 . Isolation effect: Overall list facilitation in short-term memory . Acta Psychologica , 41 : 419 – 432 .
  • Cimbalo , R. S. , McQuestion , C. and Wittig , D. M. 1980 . Short-term memory isolation: Null, facilitative and debilitative effects and their preconditions . The Journal of General Psychology , 103 : 171 – 178 .
  • Cimbalo , R. S. , Nowak , B. I. and Soderstrom , J. A. 1981 . The isolation effect in children's short term memory . The Journal of General Psychology , 105 : 215 – 223 .
  • Cimbalo , R. S. , Nowak , B. I. and Stringfield , C. 1978 . Isolation effect: Overall list facilitation and debilitation in short-term memory . The Journal of General Psychology , 99 : 251 – 256 .
  • Cimbalo , R. S. and Pelonero , K. C. 1970 . The isolation effect and mechanisms in short-and long-term memory . Psychonomic Science , 21 : 69 – 70 .
  • Cimbalo , R. S. and Siska , B. L. 1987 . Isolation effect in simultaneously presented lists of different lengths . The Journal of General Psychology , 114 : 69 – 74 .
  • Cohen , M. E. and Carr , W. J. 1975 . Facial recognition and the von Restorff Effect . Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society , 6 : 383 – 384 .
  • Detterman , D. K. and Ellis , N. R. 1972 . Determinants of induced amnesia in short-term memory . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 95 : 308 – 316 .
  • Feigenbaum , E. A. and Simon , H. A. 1962 . A theory of the serial position effect . British Journal of Psychology , 53 : 307 – 320 .
  • Gabassi , P. G. 1981 . Meaningfulness and isolation effect for normal and retarded subjects . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 52 : 595 – 598 .
  • Gardner , M. P. 1983 . Advertising effects on attributes recalled and criteria used for brand evaluations . Journal of Consumer Research , 10 : 310 – 318 .
  • Glanzer , M. and Dolinsky , R. 1965 . The anchor for the serial position curve . Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , 4 : 267 – 273 .
  • Huang , I. N. and Borter , S. J. 1987 . The color isolation effect in free recall by adults with Down's syndrome . American Journal of Mental Deficiency , 92 : 115 – 118 .
  • Hunt , R. R. 1995 . The subtlety of distinctiveness: What von Restorff really did . Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , 2 : 105 – 112 .
  • Hunt , R. R. and Elliot , J. M. 1980 . The role of nonsemantic information in memory: Orthographic distinctiveness effects on retention . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 109 : 49 – 14 .
  • Hunt , R. R. and McDaniel , M. A. 1993 . The enigma of organization and distinctiveness . Journal of Memory and Language , 32 : 421 – 445 .
  • Jersild , A. 1929 . Primacy, recency, frequency and vividness . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 12 : 58 – 70 .
  • Johansson , B. S. 1970 . Attention and the von Restorff effect . British Journal of Psychology , 61 : 163 – 170 .
  • Johnson , W. A. , Hawley , K. J. , Plewe , S. H. , Elliott , J. M. G. and De Witt , M. J. 1990 . Attention capture by novel stimuli . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 119 : 397 – 411 .
  • Kahneman , D. 1973 . Attention and effort , Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice-Hall .
  • Koffka , K. 1935 . Principles of gestalt psychology , New York : Harcourt-Brace .
  • McManis , D. L. 1966 . The von Restorff effect in serial learning by normal and retarded subjects . American Journal Of Mental Deficiency , 70 : 569 – 575 .
  • Nelson , D. L. 1979 . “ Remembering pictures and words: Appearance, significance and name ” . In Levels of processing in human memory , Edited by: Cermak , L. S. and Craik , F. I. M. 45 – 76 . Hillside, NJ : Erlbaum .
  • Newman , S. E. and Jennette , A. D. 1975 . The effects of set size on learning an item in the set . American Journal of Psychology , 88 : 117 – 124 .
  • Perkins , M. 1983 . Sensing the world , Indianapolis, IN : Hackel .
  • Pillsbury , W. B. and Raush , H. L. 1943 . An extension of the Kohler-Restorff inhibition phenomenon . American Journal of Psychology , 56 : 293 – 298 .
  • Rabinowitz , F. M. and Andrews , S. R. 1973 . Intentional and incidental learning in children and the von Restorff effect . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 100 : 315 – 318 .
  • Raskin , D. C. , Hattle , M. and Rubel , E. W. 1967 . The effects of electric shock isolation in serial learning . Psychonomic Science , 8 : 413 – 414 .
  • Rogers , G. W. Jr. and Richmond , B. O. 1977 . The von Restorff effect as a teaching technique with trainable retardates . Catalogue of Selected Documents in Psychology , 7 : 116 – 117 .
  • Sen , A. K. , Clarke , A. M. and Cooper , G. M. 1968 . The effect of isolating items in serial learning in severely retarded subjects . American Journal of Mental Deficiency , 72 : 851 – 856 .
  • Simon , E. B. 1972 . Over-all list facilitation and the von Restorff effect with nonnoxious isolation stimuli . Psychological Reports , 31 : 631 – 637 .
  • Smith , M. H. Jr. and Stearns , E. G. 1949 . The influence of isolation on the learning of surrounding materials . American Journal of Psychology , 62 : 369 – 381 .
  • Steil , P. E. and Hynum , L. 1970 . The von Restorff isolation effect employing one and three isolates . Psychological Reports , 27 : 963 – 966 .
  • Taylor , S. E. and Fiske , S. T. 1978 . “ Salience, attention and attribution: Top of the head phenomena ” . In Advances in experimental social psychology , Edited by: Berkowitz , L. Vol. 11 , 249 – 288 . New York : Academic Press .
  • Tulving , E. and Thompson , D. M. 1973 . Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory . Psychological Review , 80 : 352 – 373 .
  • van Buskirk , W. L. 1932 . An experimental study of vividness in learning and retention . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 15 : 563 – 573 .
  • von Restorff , H. 1933 . Über die Wirkung von Bereichsbildungen im Spurenfeld [The effects of field formation in the trace field] . Psychologie Forchung , 18 : 299 – 34 . See http://www.uneg.edu/~huntrr/restorff_printable.html
  • Wallace , W. P. 1965 . Review of the historical, empirical, and theoretical status of the von Restorff phenomenon . Psychological Bulletin , 63 : 410 – 424 .
  • Watkins , O. C. and Watkins , M. J. 1975 . Buildup of proactive inhibition as a cue overload effect . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory , 1 : 442 – 452 .
  • Webster , R. A. , Leland , L. S. Jr. and Bartlett , G. C. 1997 . The properties of one: Single distinctive stimuli and their effects . The Journal of General Psychology , 124 : 391 – 410 .
  • Winograd , E. 1981 . Elaboration and distinctiveness in memory for faces . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory , 7 : 181 – 190 .
  • Winters , J. J. Jr. and Attlee , L. C. 1974 . The von Restorff effect and measures of organization in normals and retardates . Memory and Cognition , 2 : 301 – 305 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.