References
- Alvarez, L. (2012, December 9). Florida may reduce tuition for select majors. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/10/education/florida-may-reduce-tuition-for-select-majors.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0
- American Academy of Arts and Sciences [AAAS]. (2013). The heart of the matter: The humanities and social sciences for a vibrant, competitive, and secure nation. Cambridge, MA: American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
- Astin, A. (1999). How liberal arts colleges affect students. Daedalus, 128(1), 77–100.
- Astin, A., Korn, W., & Green, K. (1987). Retaining and satisfying students. Educational Record, 68(1), 36–42.
- Baker, V. L., Baldwin, R. G., & Makker, S. (2012). Where are they now? Revisiting Breneman's study of liberal arts colleges. Liberal Education, 98(3), 48–53.
- Breneman, D. W. (1994). Liberal arts colleges: Thriving, surviving, or endangered? Washington DC: The Brookings Institution Press.
- Breusch, T., Ward, M. B., Nguyen, H. T. & Kompas, T. (2011). On the fixed effects vector decomposition. Political Analysis, 19(2), 123–134.
- Brint, S. (2002). The rise of the “practical arts.” In S. Brint (Ed.), The future of the city of intellect (pp. 231–259). Stanford, CA: Stanford Press.
- Brint, S., & Karabel, J. (1991). Institutional origins and transformations: The case of American community colleges. In P.J. DiMaggio and W.W. Powell (Eds.), The new institutionalism in organizational studies (pp. 337–360). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Brint, S., Riddle, L., Turk-Bicacki, & C. S. Levy. (2005). From the liberal to the practical arts in American colleges and universities: Organizational analysis and curricular change. The Journal of Higher Education, 76(2), 151–80.
- Brint, S., Proctor, K., Hanneman, R. A., Mulligan, K., Rotondi, M. B., & Murphy, S. P. (2011). Who are the early adopters of new academic fields? Comparing four perspectives on the institutionalization of degree granting programs in US four-year colleges and universities, 1970–2005. Higher Education, 61, 563–585.
- Brint, S., Proctor, K., Mulligan, K., Rotondi, M. B., & Hanneman, R. A. (2012). Declining academic fields in U.S. four-year colleges and universities, 1970–2006. The Journal of Higher Education, 83(4), 582–613.
- Brint, S., Proctor, K., Murphy, S. P., & Hanneman, R. A. (2012). The market model and the growth and decline of academic fields in U.S. four-year colleges and universities, 1980–2000. Sociological Forum, 27(2), 275–299.
- Brint, S., Turk-Bicakci, L., Proctor, K., & Murphy, S. P. (2009). Expanding the social frame of knowledge: Interdisciplinary, degree-granting fields in American colleges and universities, 1975–2000. Review of Higher Education, 32(2), 155–183.
- Brooks, D. (2013, June 21). The humanist vocation. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/21/opinion/brooks-the-humanist-vocation.html?ref=opinion&_r=0
- Cameron, K. S. (1984). Organizational adaptation and higher education. The Journal of Higher Education, 55(2), 122–144.
- Clark, B. R. (1970). The distinctive college. Chicago: Aldine.
- Clark, B. R. (1983). The higher education system: Academic organization in cross-national perspective. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
- Colby, A., Ehrlich, T., Sullivan, W.M., & Dolle, J.R. (2011). Rethinking undergraduate business education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Delbanco, A. (2012). College: What it was, is, and should be. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
- Delucchi, M. (1997). “Liberal arts” colleges and the myth of uniqueness. The Journal of Higher Education 68(4), 414–426.
- DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48, 147–60.
- Estanek, S. M., James, M. J., & Norton, D. A. (2006). Assessing Catholic identity: A study of mission statements of Catholic colleges and universities. Catholic Education: A Journal of Inquiry and Practice, 10(2), 199–216.
- Ewest, T. & Kliegl, J. (2012). The case for change in business education: How liberal arts principles and practices can foster needed change. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 12(3), 75–86.
- Ferrall, V. E. (2011). Liberal arts at the brink. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Ficano, C. & Cunningham, B. (2001). The determinants of donative revenue flows from alumni of higher education. Journal of Human Resources, 37(3), 540–569.
- Greene, W. (2011). Fixed effects vector decomposition: A magical solution to the problem of time-invariant variables in fixed effects models? Political Analysis, 19(2), 135–146.
- Gujarati, D. & Porter, D. (2009). Basic econometrics (5th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.
- Gumport, P. J. & Sporn, B. (1999). Adapting to Changing Environments: Prescriptions for Management Reform. Stanford, CA: National Center for Postsecondary Improvement.
- Hannan, M. T., & Freeman, J. (1989). Organizational ecology. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
- Hartley, M. (2002). A call to purpose: Mission-centered change at three liberal arts colleges. New York: Routledge-Falmer.
- Hawkins, H. (1999). The making of the liberal arts college identity. Daedalus, 128(1), 1–25.
- Hearn, J. C. & Gorbunov, A. V. (2005). Funding the core: Understanding the financial contexts of academic departments in the humanities. In M. Richardson (Ed.), Tracking changes in the humanities: Essays on finance and education (pp. 1–45). Cambridge, MA: American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
- Hill, C., Corbett, C., & St. Rose, A. (2010). Why so few? Women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Washington, DC: American Association of University Women.
- Horowitz, H. L. (2005). In the wake of Laurence Veysey: Re-examining the liberal arts college. History of Education Quarterly, 45(3), 420–426.
- Jaquette, O. (2011). In pursuit of revenue and prestige: The adoption and production of master 's degrees by U.S. colleges and universities (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
- Jaquette, O. (2013). Why do colleges become universities? Mission drift and the enrollment economy. Research in Higher Education, 54, 514–543.
- Keohane, N. O. (2001). The liberal arts and the role of elite higher education. In P. G. Altbach, P. J. Gumport, & D.B. Johnstone (Eds.), In defense of American higher education (pp. 181–201). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
- Kerr, C. (1994). The uses of the university: Fourth edition, with 1994 commentaries on past developments and future prospects. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Kiley, K. (2012a, November 19). Liberal arts colleges rethink their messaging in the face of criticism. Inside Higher Education. Retrieved from http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2012/11/19/liberal-arts-colleges-rethink-their-messaging-face-criticism
- Kiley, K. (2012b, April 4). Zone defense. Inside Higher Education. Retrieved from http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2012/04/04/midwestern-liberal-arts-colleges-use-lacrosse-recapture-suburban-students
- Kiley, K. (2013, January 30). Another liberal arts critic. Inside Higher Education. Retrieved from https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2013/01/30/north-carolina-governor-joins-chorus-republicans-critical-liberal-arts.
- Koblik, S., & Graubard, S. (Eds.). (2000). Distinctly American: The residential liberal arts college. Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
- Kraatz, M. S. (1998). Learning by association? Interorganizational networks and adaptation to environmental change. Academy of Management Journal, 41(6), 621–643.
- Kraatz, M. S. & Zajac, E. J. (1996). Exploring the limits of new institutionalism: The causes and consequences of illegitimate organizational change. American Sociological Review, 61(5), 812–36.
- Kraatz, M. S., Ventresca, M. J., & Deng, L. (2010). Precarious values and mundane innovations: Enrollment management in American liberal arts colleges. Academy of Management Journal, 53(6), 1521–1545.
- Labianca, G., Fairbank, J. F., Thomas, J. B., Gioia, D. A., & Umphress, E. E. (2001). Emulation in academia: Balancing structure and identity. Organization Science, 12: 312–330.
- Lapovsky, L. (2012). Tale of three campuses: A comparison of three small liberal arts colleges. Unpublished manuscript.
- Lewin, T. (2013, October 30). As interest fades in the humanities, colleges worry. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/31/education/as-interest-fades-in-the-humanities-colleges-worry.html?_r=0
- Marcus, J. (2013, March 7). In era of high costs, humanities come under attack. Hechinger Report. Retrieved from http://hechingerreport.org/content/in-era-of-high-costs-humanities-come-under-attack_11120
- Marsden, G. M. (1994). The soul of the American university: From Protestant establishment to established nonbelief. New York: Oxford University Press.
- McPherson, M. S. & Schapiro, M. O. (1999). The future economic challenges for the liberal arts colleges. Daedalus, 128(1), 47–75.
- Morphew, C. C. (2002). “A rose by any other name”: Which colleges became universities. Review of Higher Education, 25(2), 207–223.
- Morphew, C. C. (2009). Conceptualizing change in the institutional diversity of U.S. colleges and universities. The Journal of Higher Education, 80(3), 243–269.
- Morphew, C., & Hartley, M. (2006). Mission statements: A thematic analysis of rhetoric across institutional type. The Journal of Higher Education, 77(3), 456–471.
- Neely, P. (1999). The threats to the liberal arts colleges. Daedalus, 128(1), 27–45.
- Nelson, L. A. (2013, June 20). The Bennett hypothesis returns. Inside Higher Education. Retreived from http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2013/06/20/bill-bennett-writes-new-book-whether-college-worth-it
- Oakley, F. (2005). The liberal arts college: Identity, variety, destiny. In American Council of Learned Societies, Liberal arts colleges in American higher education: Challenges and opportunities (pp. 1–14). ACLS Occasional Paper No. 59. New York: ACLS.
- Pascarella, E., & Terenzini, P. (2005). How college affects students (Vol. 2): A third decade of research. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Pfeffer, J. A. (1982). Organizations and organization theory. Marshfield, MA: Pitman.
- Pfeffer, J. A. (2003). The external control of organizations: A resource dependence perspective. Stanford University Press.
- Plümper, T. & Troeger, V. (2007). Efficient estimation of time-invariant and rarely changing variables in finite sample panel analyses with unit fixed effects. Political Analysis, 15(2), 124–139.
- Plümper, T., & Troeger, V. E. (2011). Fixed-effects vector decomposition: properties, reliability, and instruments. Political Analysis, 19(2), 147–164.
- Pope, L. (2006). Colleges that Change Lives. New York: Penguin.
- Richardson, M. (Ed.). (2005). Tracking changes in the humanities: Essays on finance and education. Cambridge, MA: American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
- Pryor, J. H., Eagan, K., Blake, L. P., Hurtado, S., Berdan, J., & Case, M. H. (2012). The American freshman: National norms 2012. Los Angeles: Higher Education Research Institute.
- Schneider, C. G. (2012, October 22). The narrowing of the American mind. Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/article/The-Narrowing-of-the-American/135212
- Scott, W. R. (1994). Conceptualizing organizational fields: Linking organizations and societal systems. In H.U. Derlien, U. Gerhardt & F.W. Scharpf (Eds.), Systemrationalitat und partialinteresse (pp. 203–221). Baden Baden, Germany: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft.
- Scott, W. R. (1995). Institutions and organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA.
- Selznick, P. (1996). Institutionalism “old” and “new.” Administrative Science Quarterly, 41, 270–277.
- Shulman, L. S. (2001). The Carnegie classification of institutions of higher education. Menlo Park, CA: Carnegie Publication.
- Silver, N. (2013, June 26). As more attend, majors are becoming more career-focused. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/06/25/as-more-attend-college-majors-become-more-career-focused/?_r=0
- Spellman, B. (2009, July 30). The resilient liberal arts college. Inside Higher Education. Retrieved from https://www.insidehighered.com/views/2009/07/30/spellman
- Supiano, B. (2014, January 22). How liberal arts majors fare over the long haul. Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/article/How-Liberal-Arts-Majors-Fare/144133/?cid=at&utm_source=at&utm_medium=en
- Taylor, B. J., Cantwell, B., & Slaughter, S. (2013). Quasi-markets in U.S. higher education: The humanities and institutional revenues. The Journal of Higher Education, 84(5), 675–707.
- Tolbert, P. S. (1985). Institutional environments and resource dependence: Sources of administrative structure in institutions of higher education. Administrative Science Quarterly, 30, 1–13.
- Turner, S. E. & Bowen, W. G. (1990). The flight from the arts and sciences: Trends in degrees conferred. Science, 250(4980), 517–521.
- Umbach, P., & Kuh, G. (2006). Student experiences with diversity at liberal arts colleges: Another claim for distinctiveness. The Journal of Higher Education, 77(1), 169–192.
- Veysey, L. R. (1965). The emergence of the American university. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Wieseltier, L. (2013, September 3). Crimes against the humanities: Now science wants to invade the liberal arts—Don't let it happen. New Republic. Retrieved from http://www.newrepublic.com/article/114548/leon-wieseltier-responds-steven-pinkers-scientism
- Williamson, O. E. (1981). The economics of organization: The transaction cost approach. American Journal of Sociology, 87(3), 548–577.
- Wilson, R. (2013, July 15). Humanities scholars see declining prestige, not a lack of interest. Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/article/Humanities-Scholars-See/140311/
- Winston, G. C. (1999). Subsidies, hierarchy, and peers: The awkward economics of higher education. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 13, 13–36.