5,163
Views
16
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Racial Politics, Resentment, and Affirmative Action: Asian Americans as “Model” College Applicants

ORCID Icon, &
Pages 1-26 | Received 23 Oct 2017, Accepted 13 Feb 2018, Published online: 25 Apr 2018

References

  • Alexander, M. (2012). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. New York, NY: New Press.
  • Anderson, E. S. (2010). The imperative of integration. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Andrews, D. J. C., & Tuitt, F. (2013). Contesting the myth of a ‘post racial’ era: The continued significance of race in U.S. education. New York, NY: Peter Lang.
  • antonio, A. L., Chang, M. J., Hakuta, K., Kenny, D. A., Levin, S., & Milem, J. F. (2004). Effects of racial diversity on complex thinking in college students. Psychological Science, 15, 507–510. doi:10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00710.x
  • Asian American Center for Advancing Justice. (2012). Brief of amici curiae members of Asian American Center for Advancing Justice, et al. in support of respondents. Retrieved from https://www.advancingjustice-alc.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/2012_08_Fisher_Brief.pdf
  • Asian American Coalition for Education. (2016). Complaint of the Asian American Coalition for Education v. Yale University, Brown University, and Dartmouth College for unlawful discrimination against Asian-American applicants in the college admissions process. Retrieved from http://asianamericanforeducation.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Complaint_Yale_Brown_Dartmouth_Full.pdf
  • Asian Americans Advancing Justice. (2015). National Asian American Survey reports Asian Americans overwhelmingly support affirmative action. Retrieved from http://www.advancingjustice-la.org/blog/national-asian-american-survey-reports-asian-americans-overwhelmingly-support-affirmative#.VoNqEZMrJMU
  • Banning, M. E. (2006). The politics of resentment. Jac, 26, 67–101. Retrieved from http://www.jaconlinejournal.com/archives/vol26.1-2/banning-politics.pdf
  • Bell, D. A. (1980). Brown v. Board of Education and the interest convergence dilemma. Harvard Law Review, 93, 518–533. doi:10.2307/1340546
  • Bell, D. A. (2004). Silent covenants: Brown v. Board of Education and the unfulfilled hopes for racial reform. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Bernhard, M. P., & Delwiche, N. J. (2015, May 16). Groups file federal complaint alleging discrimination in Harvard admissions process. The Harvard Crimson. Retrieved from http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2015/5/16/complaint-federal-harvard-admissions
  • Bonilla-Silva, E. (2010). Racism without racists: Color-blind racism and racial inequality in contemporary America. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1998). The state mobility: Elite schools in the field of power. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Bourdieu, P., & Passeron, J.-L. (1990). Reproduction in education, society, and culture (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Brown, K., & Jackson, D. J. (2013). The history and conceptual elements of critical race theory. In M. Lynn & A. D. Dixson (Ed.), The handbook for critical race theory in education (pp. 9–22). London, England: Routledge.
  • Chang, M. J. (2001). The positive educational effects of racial diversity on campus. In G. Orfield (Ed.), Diversity challenged: Evidence on the impact of affirmative action (pp. 175–186). Cambridge, MA: Civil Rights Project and Harvard Education Publishing.
  • Chin, G., Cho, S., Kang, J., & Wu, F. (1996). Beyond self-interest: Asian Pacific Americans toward a community of justice. A policy analysis of affirmative action. Asian Pacific American Law Journal, 4, 129–162.
  • Collins, P. H. (2009). Another kind of public education: Race, schools, the media, and democratic possibilities. Boston, MA: Beacon.
  • Crenshaw, K. W. (1988). Race, reform, and retrenchment: Transformation and legitimation in antidiscrimination law. Harvard Law Review, 101, 1331–1387. doi:10.2307/1341398
  • Crenshaw, K. W. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43, 1241–1299. doi:10.2307/1229039
  • Delgado, R. (1991). Affirmative action as a majoritarian device: Or, do you really want to be a role model? Michigan Law Review, 86, 1222–1231. doi:10.2307/1289552
  • Delgado, R., & Stefancic, J. (2012). Critical race theory (2nd ed.). New York: New York University Press.
  • Donahoo, S. (2008). Reflections on race: Affirmative action policies influencing higher education in France and the United States. Teachers College Record, 110, 251–277.
  • Dong, S. (1995). ‘Too many Asians’: The challenge of fighting discrimination against Asian-Americans and preserving affirmative action. Stanford Law Review, 47, 1027–1057. doi:10.2307/1229181
  • Espenshade, T. J., & Chung, C. Y. (2005). The opportunity cost of admission preferences at elite universities. Social Science Quarterly, 86, 293–305. doi:10.1111/ssqu.2005.86.issue-2
  • Espenshade, T. J., & Radford, A. W. (2009). No longer separate, not yet equal: Race and class in elite college admission and campus life. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin. 133 S. Ct. 2411 (2013).
  • Foster, S. (1993). Difference and equality: A critical assessment of the concept of ‘diversity.’ Wisconsin Law Review, 105, 126–127.
  • Franklin, D. R., & Zwickel, S. W. (2018, January 24). Experts disagree on motivation for DOJ Harvard probe. The Harvard Crimson. Retrieved from http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2018/1/24/motivations-DOJ-Harvard-probe
  • Garces, L. M. (2015). Brief of 823 social scientists as amici curiae in support of respondents. On Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. Fisher v. The University Texas at Austin. ( No. 14-981, 2015). Retrieved from https://www.civilrightsproject.ucla.edu/legal-developments/legal-briefs/amicus-brief-of-social-scientists-in-fisher-case/14-981-823-social-scientists-fisher.pdf
  • Gibson, C., & Jung, K. (2002). Historical census statistics on population totals by race, 1790 to 1990, and by Hispanic origin, 1970 to 1990 (Working Paper No. 56). Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division. Retrieved from https://census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2002/demo/POP-twps0056.pdf
  • Grutter v. Bollinger. 539 U.S. 306 (2003).
  • Guinier, L. (2015). The tyranny of the meritocracy: Democratizing higher education in America. Boston, MA: Beacon.
  • Guinier, L., & Torres, G. (2002). The miner’s canary: Enlisting race, resisting power, transforming democracy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Gutmann, A. (1999). Democratic education. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Harvard University Not Fair. (n.d.). Were you denied admission to Harvard? Retrieved from http://harvardnotfair.org
  • Haurwitz, R. K. M. (2017, March 1). Affirmative action in UT admissions faces new legal challenge. Austin American-Statesman. Retrieved from http://www.mystatesman.com/news/state–regional-govt–politics/affirmative-action-admissions-faces-new-legal-challenge/dXzUDqUuVtaNuHZUe5cCgK
  • Hellman, D. (2008). When is discrimination wrong? Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Hing, B. O. (1994). Making and remaking Asian America through immigration policy, 1850–1990. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Hing, J. (2014, April 25). Wanted: Disgruntled Asian-Americans to attack affirmative action. Colorlines. Retrieved from http://www.colorlines.com/articles/wanted-disgruntled-asian-americans-attack-affirmative-action
  • Ho, S. (2015). A critique of the motivations behind negative action against Asian Americans in U.S. universities: The model victims. Columbia Journal of Race and Law, 5, 79–99.
  • Hoeffel, E., Rastogi, S., Kim, M., & Shahid, H. (2012). The Asian population: 2010, census briefs. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
  • Howe, K. R. (2015). The meritocratic conception of educational equality: Ideal theory run amuck. Educational Theory, 56(20), 183–201.
  • Jaschik, S. (2015, September 24). Anti-Asian bias claim rejected. InsideHigherEd. Retrieved from https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2015/09/24/ocr-clears-princeton-anti-asian-discrimination-admissions
  • Kang, J. (1996). Negative action against Asian Americans: The internal instability of Dworkin’s defense of affirmative action. Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review, 31, 1–47.
  • Kao, G. (1995). Asian Americans as model minorities? A look at their academic performance. American Journal of Education, 103, 121–159. doi:10.1086/444094
  • Kennedy, R. (2013). For discrimination: Race, affirmative action, and the law. New York, NY: Vintage.
  • Kever, J. (2008, April 8). White Sugar Land teen sues UT over admissions policy. Houston Chronicle. Retrieved from http://www.chron.com/life/mom-houston/article/White-Sugar-Land-teen-sues-UT-over-admissions-rule-1678257.php
  • Kidder, W. C. (2006). Negative action versus affirmative action: Asian Pacific Americans still caught in the crossfire. Michigan Journal of Race & Law, 11, 605–624.
  • Ladson-Billings, G., & Tate, W. F. (1995). Toward a critical race theory of education. Teachers College Record, 97(1), 47–68.
  • Lareau, A. (2011). Unequal childhoods: Class, race, and family life, with an update a decade later. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
  • Lee, S. J. (1996). Unraveling the ‘model minority’ stereotype: Listening to Asian American youth. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
  • Lee, S. S. (2008). The de-minoritization of Asian Americans: A historical examination of the representations of Asian Americans in affirmative action admissions policies at the University of California. Asian American Law Journal, 15, 129–152.
  • Lemann, N. (2000). The big test: The secret of history of the American meritocracy. New York, NY: Farrar, Strauss, & Giroux.
  • Levine, S. S., & Stark, D. (2015, December 9). Diversity makes you brighter. The New York Times, P. A35.
  • Liptak, A. (2016, June 23). Supreme Court upholds affirmative action program at University of Texas. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/24/us/politics/supreme-court-affirmative-action-university-of-texas.html?_r=0
  • Liu, A. (2007–2008). Affirmative action and negative action: How Jian Li’s case can benefit Asian Americans. Michigan Journal of Race & Law, 13, 391–431.
  • Luscombe, B. (2016, February 22–29). 9 questions, Eddie S Glaude, Jr. Time, p. 130.
  • Lynn, M., Jennings, M. E., & Hughes, S. (2013). Critical race pedagogy 2.0: Lessons from Derrick Bell. Race Ethnicity and Education, 16, 603–628. doi:10.1080/13613324.2013.817776
  • Maeda, D. (2009). Chains of Babylon: The rise of Asian America. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Maeda, D. (2012). Rethinking the Asian American movement. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Marin, P., & Horn, C. L. (2008). Realizing Bakke’s legacy: Affirmative action, equal opportunity, and access to higher education. Sterling, VA: Stylus.
  • Matsuda, M. J. (1996). Where is your body? And other essays on race, gender, and the law. Boston, MA: Beacon.
  • McCloskey, S. (2014, November 17). UNC sued for use of race in admissions. The Progressive Pulse. Retrieved from http://pulse.ncpolicywatch.org/2014/11/17/unc-sued-for-use-of-race-in-admissions
  • Moses, M. S. (2002). Embracing race: Why we need race-conscious education policy. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
  • Moses, M. S. (2006). Why the affirmative action debate persists: The role of moral disagreement. Educational Policy, 20(4), 567–586.
  • Moses, M. S. (2010). Moral and instrumental rationales for affirmative action in five national contexts. Educational Researcher, 39, 211–228. doi:10.3102/0013189X10365086
  • Moses, M. S. (2016). Living with moral disagreement: The enduring controversy about affirmative action. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Moses, M. S., & Chang, M. J. (2006). Toward a deeper understanding of the diversity rationale. Educational Researcher, 35, 6–11. doi:10.3102/0013189X035001006
  • Murray, C. (2012, December 11). At the Ivies, Asians are the new Jews. AEIdeas. Retrieved from https://www.aei.org/publication/at-the-ivies-asians-are-the-new-jews
  • National Commission on Asian American and Pacific Islander Research in Education. (2008). Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders: Facts, not fiction: Setting the record straight. New York, NY: College Board. Retrieved from https://secure-media.collegeboard.org/digitalServices/pdf/professionals/asian-americans-and-pacific-islanders-facts-not-fiction.pdf
  • Ngo, B., & Lee, S. J. (2007). Complicating the image of model minority success: A review of Southeast Asian American education. Review of Educational Research, 77, 415–453. doi:10.3102/0034654307309918
  • Omi, M., & Winant, H. (2015). Racial formation in the United States. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Osajima, K. (2005). Asian Americans as the model minority: An analysis of the popular press image in the 1960s and 1980s. In K. A. Ono (Ed.), A companion to Asian American studies (pp. 215–225). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
  • Park, J. J., & Liu, A. (2014). Interest convergence or divergence? A critical race analysis of Asian Americans, meritocracy, and critical mass in the affirmative action debate. The Journal of Higher Education, 85, 36–64.
  • Poon, O. A. (2009). Haunted by negative action: Asian Americans, admissions, and race in the ‘colorblind era.’ Harvard University Asian American Policy Review, 18, 81–90.
  • Project on Fair Representation. (n.d.). Our cases. Retrieved from https://www.projectonfairrepresentation.org/cases
  • Regents of Univ. of Cal. v. Bakke. 438 U.S. 265, 407 (1978).
  • Robles, R. (2004). Articulating race—Asian American neoconservative renditions of equality: An analysis of the Brian Ho lawsuit. AAPI Nexus: Asian Americans & Pacific Islanders Policy, Practice and Community, 2(1), 77–104.
  • Sakamoto, A., Goyette, K. A., & Kim, C. (2009). Socioeconomic attainments of Asian Americans. Annual Review of Sociology, 35, 255–276. doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-070308-115958
  • Solorzano, D., Ceja, M., & Yosso, T. (2000). Critical race theory, racial microaggressions, and campus racial climate: The experiences of African American college students. Journal of Negro Education, 69(1/2), 60–73.
  • Stovall, D. (2014). ‘Killing you is justice’: Trayvon Martin as metaphor for the continual disposability of Black life in the eyes of the law. In Fasching-Varner, K. J., Reynolds, R. E., Albert, K. A., Martin, L. L. (Eds.), Trayvon Martin, race, and American life: Writing wrong (pp. 9–13). Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense.
  • Students for Fair Admissions. (n.d). In the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts Boston Division. Retrieved from http://studentsforfairadmissions.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/SFFA-v.-Harvard-Complaint.pdf
  • Students for Fair Admissions v. President and Fellows of Harvard College, No. 15-1823 (1st Cir. December 9, 2015).
  • Sturm, S., & Guinier, L. (2001). Who’s qualified? Boston, MA: Beacon.
  • Takagi, D. (1993a). Asian Americans and racial politics: A postmodern paradox. Social Justice, 20, 115–128.
  • Takagi, D. (1993b). The retreat from race: Asian-American admissions and racial politics. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
  • Taylor, E., Gillborn, D., & Ladson-Billings, G. (Eds.). (2009). Foundations of critical race theory in education. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Teranishi, R. (2017). The attitudes of Asian Americans toward affirmative action. New York, NY: National Commission on Asian American and Pacific Islander Research in Education. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED573712.pdf
  • Teranishi, R., Behringer, B., Grey, E., & Parker, T. (2009). Critical race theory and research on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in higher education. New Directions for Institutional Research, 142, 57–68. doi:10.1002/ir.296
  • Unz, R. (2012, December). The myth of American meritocracy. The American Conservative, 2012, 14–51.
  • UT Not Fair. (n.d.). Were you rejected from the university of Texas at Austin? Retrieved from https://utnotfair.com
  • Wu, E. D. (2013). Color of success: Asian Americans and the origins of the model minority. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.