237
Views
88
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Nature/Person Transactions During An Outdoor Adventure Experience: A Multi-Phasic Analysis

&
Pages 401-422 | Published online: 13 Dec 2017

References

  • Altmann, I., & Rogoff, B. (1987). World views in psychology: Trait, interactional, organismic, and transactional perspectives. In D. Stokols & I. Altmann (Eds.), Handbook of Environmental Psychology Vol. I (pp. 7–40). New York: Wiley.
  • Arnould, E. J., & Price, L. L. (1993). River magic: Extraordinary experiences and the extended service encounter. Journal of Consumer Research, 20, 28–45.
  • Borrie, W. T. (1995). Measuring the multiple, deep, and unfolding aspects of the wilderness experience using the experience sampling method. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Virginia Tech., Blacksburg.
  • Borne, W. T., & Roggenbuck, J. W. (1995). The use of verbal reports in outdoor recreation research: Review, recommendations, and new directions. In J. L. Thompson, D. W. Lime, B. Gartner, & W. M. Sames (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fourth International Outdoor Recreation and Tourism Trends Symposium, (pp. 357–361). St Paul, MN: University of Minnesota Extension Service.
  • Bruner, J. (1990). Acts of Meaning. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Celsi, R. L., Rose, R. L., & Leigh, T. W. (1993). An exploration of high-risk leisure consumption through skydiving. Journal of Consumer Research, 20, 1–23.
  • Clawson, M., & Knetsch, J.L. (1966). Economics of Outdoor Recreation. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press.
  • Cordell, K. H., Bergstrom, J. C., Hartmann, L. A., & English, D. B. (1990). An analysis of the outdoor recreation and wilderness situation in the United States 1989–2040. USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-189. Fort Collins, CO.
  • Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Larson, R. (1987). Validity and reliability of the experience sampling method. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175, 526–536.
  • Driver, B. L., & Brown, P. J. (1986). Probable personal benefits of outdoor recreation. In the President's Commission on the American Outdoors, A Literature Review (pp. 63–67: Values Section). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
  • Driver, B. L., & Tocher, S. R. (1970). Towards a behavioral interpretation of recreational engagements with implications for planning. In B. L. Driver (Ed.), Elements of Outdoor Recreation Planning, (pp. 9–31). Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press.
  • Ellis, M. J. (1973). Why people Play, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Ewert, A., & Hollenhorst, S. (1989). Testing the adventure model: Empirical support for a model of risk recreation participation. Journal of Leisure Research, 21, 124–139.
  • Haddock, C. (1993). Managing Risks in Outdoor Activities. Wellington, NZ: New Zealand Mountain Safety Council.
  • Hammitt, W. E. (1980). Outdoor Recreation: Is it a multi-phase experience? Journal of Leisure Research, 12, 107–115.
  • Hartig, T., Mang, M., & Evans, G. W. (1991). Restorative effects of natural environment experiences. Environment and Behavior, 23, 3–26.
  • Hull, R. B. IV. (1990). Emotion and leisure: Causes and consequences. Journal of Leisure Research, 22, 55–67.
  • Hull, R. B. IV. (1991). Mood as a product of leisure: Causes and consequences. In B. L. Driver, P. J. Brown, & G. L. Peterson (Eds.), Benefits of Leisure (pp. 249–262). State College, PA: Venture Publishing, Inc.
  • Hull, R. B. IV, & Michael, S. E. (1995). Nature-based recreation, mood change, and stress reduction. Leisure Sciences, 17, 1–14.
  • Hull, R. B. IV, Michael, S. E., Walker, G. J., & Roggenbuck, J. W. (1996). Ebb and flow of brief leisure experiences. Leisure Sciences, 16, 298–314.
  • Hull, R. B. IV, Stewart, W. P., & Yi, Y. K. (1992). Experience patterns: Capturing the dynamic nature of a recreation experience. Journal of Leisure Research 24, 240–252.
  • Ittelson, W. H. (1978). Environmental perception and urban experience. Environment and Behavior, 10, 193–213.
  • Ittelson, W. H., Franck, K. A., & O'Hanlan, T.J. (1976). The nature of environmental experience. In S. Wapner, B. Cohen, & B. Kaplan (Eds.), Experiencing the Environment (pp. 187–206). New York: Plenum.
  • Kaplan, S., & Talbot, J. F. (1983). Psychological benefits of wilderness experience. In I. Altman & J. F. Wohlwill (Eds.), Human Behavior and the Environment: Behavior and the Natural Environment (Vol. 6, pp. 163–203). New York: Plenum.
  • Klausner, S. Z. (1967). Sport parachuting. In R. Slovenko and J.A. Knight (Eds.), Motivation in Play, Games, and Sports. New York: Charles C. Thomas.
  • Knopf, R. (1987). Human behavior, cognition, and affect in the natural environment. In D. Stokols and I. Altman (Eds.), Handbook of Environmental Psychology, (pp. 786–826). New York: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Larson, R., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1983). The Experience Sampling Method. In H. Reis (Ed.), New Directions for the Naturalistic Methods in the Behavioral Sciences. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Lee, Y., Dattilo, J., & Howard, D. (1994). The complex and dynamic nature of leisure experience. Journal of Leisure Research, 26, 195–211.
  • Leff, H. L. (1978). Experience, Environment, and Human Potential. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Manfredo, M. J., Driver, B. L., & Tarrant, M. A., (1994). Recollections of outdoor recreation experiences: A psychological perspective. Journal of Leisure Research, 26, 357–371.
  • Mannel, R. (1980). Social psychological techniques and strategies for studying leisure experiences. In S. E. Iso-Ahola (Ed.), Social Psychological Perspectives on Leisure and Recreation, (pp. 62–88). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
  • Martin, P., & Priest, S. (1986). Understanding the adventure experience. Journal of Adventure Education, 3, 18–21.
  • McIntyre, N. (in press). Person/environment transactions during brief wilderness trips: An exploration. In A. E. Watson, and G. Aplet (Eds.), Personal, Societal, and Ecological Values of Wilderness: Sixth World Wilderness Congress Proceedings on Research, Management, and Allocation, Vol. I. USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. RM Station. Ogden, UT.
  • McIntyre, N., & Cattermole, A. (1997). An approach to multi-phasic analysis of wilderness experiences. In D. Rowe and P. Brown (Eds.), Leisure People Places Spaces, (pp. 134–140). Proceedings 3rd ANZALS Conference, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia: University of Newcastle.
  • More, T. A. & Payne, B. R. (1978). Affective response to natural areas near cities. Journal of Leisure Research, 10, 7–12.
  • Neumann, W. L. (1994). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches (2nd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Nowlis, V. (1965). Research with the mood adjective check list. In S. S. Tompkins, & C. E. Izard (Eds.), Affect, Cognition, and Personality. New York: Springer.
  • Priest, S. (1990). The adventure experience paradigm. In J. C. Miles, & S. Priest (Eds.), Adventure Recreation, (pp. 157–162). State College PA: Venture Publishing, Inc.
  • Priest, S. (1992). Factor exploration and confirmation for the dimensions of an adventure experience. Journal of Leisure Research, 24, 127–139.
  • Samdahl, D. M. (1991). Issues in the measurement of leisure. A comparison of theoretical and connatative meanings. Leisure Sciences, 13, 33–49.
  • Scherl, L. M. (1990). The wilderness experience: A psychological evaluation of its components and dynamics. In A. T. Easley, J. F. Passineau, & B. L. Driver (Compilers). The Use of Wilderness for Personal Growth, Therapy, and Education, (pp. 11–26). USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep RM-193. Fort Collins, CO.
  • Tinsley, H. E. A., & Tinsley, D. J. (1984). A theory of the attributes, benefits, and causes of leisure experiences. Leisure Sciences, 8, 1–45.
  • Wheeler, L., & Reis, H. T. (1991). Self-recording of everyday life events: Origins, types and uses. Journal of Personality, 59, 339–354.
  • Williams, D. R. (1986). Psychological perspectives on the environment-person experience relationship: Implications for recreation resource management. In President's Commission on the American Outdoors, A Literature Review, (pp. 17–31: Motivation Section). Washington DC: Government Printing Office.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.