Development and initial validation of Sport Experiences Questionnaire (SEQ)

References

• Adams, J. (2006). Trends in physical activity and inactivity amongst US 14-18 year olds by gender, school grade and race, 1993-2003: Evidence from the youth risk behavior survey. BMC Public Health, 6(57), 57. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-6-57
   Google Scholar
• Allender, S., Cowburn, G., & Foster, C. (2006). Understanding participation in sport and physical activity among children and adults: A review of qualitative studies. Health Education Research, 21(6), 826–835. doi:10.1093/her/cyl063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bélanger, M., Casey, M., Cormier, M., Laflamme Filion, A., Martin, G., Aubut, S., … Beauchamp, J. (2011). Maintenance and decline of physical activity during adolescence: Insights from a qualitative study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8(1), 117. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-8-117
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bentham, J. (1789). An introduction to the principle of morals and legislations. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Biddle, S. J., & Asare, M. (2011). Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: A review of reviews. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(11), 886–895. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090185
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks, F., & Magnusson, J. (2007). Physical activity as leisure: The meaning of physical activity for the health and wellbeing of adolescent women. Health Care for Women International, 28(1), 69–87. doi:10.1080/07399330601003499
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown, K. A., Patel, D. R., & Darmawan, D. (2017). Participation in sports in relation to adolescent growth and development. Translational Pediatrics, 6(3), 150–159. doi:10.21037/tp.2017.04.03
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrnes, J. P., Miller, D. C., & Schafer, W. D. (1999). Gender differences in risk taking: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 125(3), 367–383. doi:10.1037//0033-2909.125.3.367
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caillois, R. (1958). Les Jeux et les hommes. Paris: Gallimard.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, F. F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement. Structural Equation Modeling, 14(3), 464–504. doi:10.1080/10705510701301834
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(2), 233–255. doi:10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman, L., Cox, L., & Roker, D. (2007). Girls and young women’s participation in physical activity: Psychological and social influences. Health Education Research, 23(4), 633–647. doi:10.1093/her/cym040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craike, M. J., Symons, C., & Zimmerman, J. A. M. (2009). Why do young women drop out of sport and physical activity? A social ecological approach. Annals of Leisure Research, 12(2), 148–172. doi:10.1080/11745398.2009.9686816
   Google Scholar
• Crocker, P. R. E., & Graham, T. R. (1995). Coping by competitive athletes with performance stress: Gender differences and relationships with affect. The Sport Psychologist, 9(3), 325–338. doi:10.1123/tsp.9.3.325
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Croxton, J. S., Chiacchia, D., & Wagner, C. (1987). Gender differences in attitudes toward sports and reactions to competitive situations. Journal of Sport Behavior, 10, 167–177.
   Google Scholar
• De Greef, J. W., Bosker, R. J., Oosterlaan, J., Visscher, C., & Hartman, E. (2017). Review. Effects of physical activity on executive functions, attention and academic performance in preadolescent children: A meta-analysis. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 21, 501–507. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2017.09.595
   Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “What” and “Why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. doi:10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deroche, T., Woodman, T., Stephan, Y., Brewer, B., & Le Scanff, C. (2011). Athletes' inclination to play through pain: A coping perspective. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 24(5), 579–587.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunn, J. G., Bouffard, M., & Rogers, W. T. (1999). Assessing item content-relevance in sport psychology scale-construction research: Issues and recommendations. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 3(1), 15–36.
   Google Scholar
• Egloff, B., & Jan Gruhn, A. (1996). Personality and endurance sports. Personality and Individual Differences, 21(2), 223–229. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(96)00048-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekkekakis, P. (2017). People have feelings! Exercise psychology in paradigmatic transition. Current Opinion in Psychology, 16, 84–88. doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.03.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekkekakis, P., Parfitt, G., & Petruzzello, J. (2011). The pleasure and displeasure people feel when they exercise at different intensities. Decennial update and progress towards a tripartite rationale for exercise intensity prescription. Sports Medicine, 41(8), 641–671. doi:10.2165/11590680-000000000-00000
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elias, N., & Dunning, E. (1986). An essay on sport and violence. In Quest for excitement: Sport and leisure in the civilizing process (pp. 150–173). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Gill, D. L., Gross, J. B., & Huddleston, S. (1983). Participation motivation in youth sports. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 14, 1–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ginsburg, H. J., & Miller, S. M. (1982). Sex differences in children’s risk-taking behavior. Child Development, 53(2), 426–428. doi:10.2307/1128985
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guttmann, A. (1978). From ritual to record. The nature of modern sports. New York, NY: Columbia Press.
   Google Scholar
• Guyau, J. M. (1888). Esquisse d’une morale sans obligation ni sanction (2nd ed.). Paris, France: Fayard.
   Google Scholar
• Hagger, M., & Chatzisarantis, N. L. D. (2008). Self-determination theory and the psychology of exercise. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(1), 79–103. doi:10.1080/17509840701827437
   Google Scholar
• Hanrahan, S. J., & Biddle, S. J. H. (2002). Measurement of achievement orientations: Psychometric measures, gender, and sports differences. European Journal of Sport Science, 2(5), 1–12. doi:10.1080/17461390200072502
   Google Scholar
• Hansen, D. M., & Larson, R. (2002). The youth experiences survey 1.0: Instrument development and testing. Unpublished manuscript, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://youthdev.illinois.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/YES-1.0-Instrument.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Hansen, D. M., & Larson, R. (2005). The youth experiences survey 2.0: Instrument revisions and validity testing. Unpublished manuscript, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://youthdev.illinois.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/YES-2.0-Instrument.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Hargreaves, E. A., & Stych, K. (2013). Exploring the peak and end rule of past affective episodes within the exercise context. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(2), 169–178. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.10.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hills, A. P., King, N. A., & Armstrong, T. P. (2007). The contribution of physical activity and sedentary behaviours to the growth and development of children and adolescents: implications for overweight and obesity. Sports Medicine, 37(6), 533–545. doi:10.2165/00007256-200737060-00006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horn, J. L. (1965). A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis. Psychometrika, 32, 179–185. doi:10.1007/BF02289447
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howe, D. (2004). Sport, professionalism and pain: Ethnographies of injury and risk. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humbert, M. L., Chad, K. E., Bruner, M. W., Spink, K. S., Muhajarine, N., Anderson, K. D., & Girolami, T. M. (2008). Using a naturalistic ecological approach to examine the factors influencing youth physical activity across grades 7 to 12. Health Education and Behavior, 35, 158–173. doi:10.1177/1090198106287451
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jallinoja, P., Pajari, P., & Absetz, P. (2010). Negotiating pleasures in health-seeking lifestyles of participants of a health promoting intervention. Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness and Medicine, 14(2), 115–130. doi:10.1177/1363459309353292
   Google Scholar
• Janssen, I., & LeBlanc, A. G. (2010). Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7(1), 40. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-7-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jetallan, E., Spirito, A., & Rasile, D. (1997). Risk taking, reported injury, and perception of future injury among adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 22, 513–531. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/22.4.513
   Google Scholar
• Jeu, B. (1977). Le sport, l’émotion, l’espace. Paris, France: Vigot.
   Google Scholar
• Kahneman, D., Wakker, P. P., & Sarin, R. (1997). Back to Bentham? Explorations of experienced utility. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112(2), 375–406. doi:10.1162/003355397555235
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalman, M., Inchley, J., Sigmundova, D., Iannotti, R. J., Tynjala, J. A., Hamrik, Z., … Bucksch, J. (2015). Secular trends in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in 32 countries from 2002 to 2010: A cross-national perspective. European Journal of Public Health, 25(Suppl 2), 37–40. doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckv024
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kendzierski, D., & DeCarlo, K. J. (1991). Physical activity enjoyment scale: Two validation studies. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 13, 50–64. doi:10.1123/jsep.13.1.50
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkaldy, B. D. (1982). Personality profiles at various levels of athletic participation. Personality and Individual Differences, 3, 321–326.
   Google Scholar
• Kiviniemi, M. T., Voss-Humke, A. M., & Seifert, A. L. (2007). How do I feel about the behavior? The interplay of affective associations with behaviors and cognitive beliefs as influences on physical activity behavior. Health Psychology, 26(2), 152–158. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.26.2.152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knowles, A. M., Niven, A., & Fawkner, S. (2011). A qualitative examination of factors related to the decrease in physical activity behavior in adolescent girls during the transition from primary to secondary school. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 8(8), 1084–1091. doi:10.1123/jpah.8.8.1084
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knuth, A. G., & Hallal, P. C. (2009). Temporal trends in physical activity: a systematic review. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 6(5), 548–559. doi:10.1123/jpah.6.5.548
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai, K., & Green, S. B. (2016). The problem with having two watches: Assessment of fit when RMSEA and CFI disagree. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 51(2–3), 220–239. doi:10.1080/00273171.2015.1134306
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, M. J., Whitehead, J., & Balchin, N. (2000). The measurement of values in youth sport: Development of the youth sport values questionnaire. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 22, 307–326. doi:10.1123/jsep.22.4.307
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loland, S., Skirstad, B., & Waddington, I. (2006). Pain and injury in sport: Social and ethical analysis. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Lonsdale, C., Hodge, K., & Rose, E. A. (2008). The Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ): Instrument development and initial validity evidence. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 30, 323–355. doi:10.1123/jsep.30.3.323
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luiggi, M., Rindler, V., & Griffet, J. (2018). From which level of competition in clubs are adolescents at greater risk of injury compared with outside-of-clubs athletes? A school-based study. The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 46(1), 66–72. doi:10.1080/00913847.2018.1402665
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luiggi, M., Travert, M., & Griffet, J. (2018). Temporal trends in sports participation among adolescents between 2001 and 2015: A French school- and territory-based study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(7), 1335. doi:10.3390/ijerph15071335
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyng, S. (1990). Edgework: A social psychological analysis of voluntary risk taking. American Journal of Sociology, 95(4), 851–886. doi:10.1086/229379
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyng, S. G., & Snow, D. A. (1986). “Vocabularies of motive and high risk behavior. The case of skydiving”. In E. J. Lawler (dir.), Advances in Group Processes (vol. 3, pp. 157–179). Greenwich, CT: JAI.
   Google Scholar
• Marsh, H. W., Hau, K.-T., & Grayson, D. (2005). Goodness of fit evaluation in structural equation modeling. In A. Maydeu-Olivares, & J. McArdle (Eds.), Contemporary psychometrics (pp. 275–340). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Marsh, H. W., Morin, A. J., Parker, P. D., & Kaur, G. (2014). Exploratory structural equation modeling: An integration of the best features of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 10(1), 85–110. doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh, H. W., Muthén, B. O., Asparouhov, T., Lüdtke, O., Robitzsch, A., Morin, A. J. S., & Trautwein, U. (2009). Exploratory structural equation modeling, integrating CFA and EFA: Application to students’ evaluations of university teaching. Structural Equation Modeling, 16(3), 439–476. doi:10.1080/10705510903008220
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald, R. P. (1970). Theoretical foundations of principal factor analysis, canonical factor analysis, and alpha factor analysis. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 23(1), 1–21. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1970.tb00432.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meredith, W. (1993). Measurement invariance, factor analysis and factorial invariance. Psychometrika, 58(4), 525–543. doi:10.1007/BF02294825
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molanorouzi, K., Khoo, S., & Morris, T. (2015). Motives for adult participation in physical activity: Type of activity, age, and gender. BMC Public Health, 15, 66. doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1429-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morin, A. J. S., Marsh, H. W., & Nagengast, B. (2013). Exploratory structural equation modeling. In G. R. Hancock & R. O. Mueller (Eds.), Structural equation modeling: A second course (2nd ed., pp. 395–438). Charlotte, NC: Information Age.
   Google Scholar
• Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. (2015). Mplus user’s guide (7th edition). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
   Google Scholar
• Niederle, M., & Vesterlund, L. (2008). Gender differences in competition. Negotiation Journal, 24(4), 447–463. doi:10.1111/j.1571-9979.2008.00197.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nixon, H. L. (1992). A social network analysis of influences on athletes to play with pain and injuries. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 16(2), 127–135. doi:10.1177/019372359201600208
   Google Scholar
• Nixon, H. L. (1993). Accepting the risks of pain and injury in sport: mediated cultural influences on playing hurt. Sociology of Sport Journal, 10(2), 183–196. doi:10.1123/ssj.10.2.183
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nixon, H. L. (1996). Explaining pain and injury attitudes and experiences in sport in terms of gender, race, and sports status factors. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 20(1), 33–44. doi:10.1177/019372396020001004
   Google Scholar
• Owen, K. B., Smith, J., Lubans, D. R., Ng, J. Y. Y., & Lonsdale, C. (2014). Self-determined motivation and physical activity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Preventive Medicine, 67, 270–279. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.07.033
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pelletier, L. G., Rocchi, M. A., Vallerand, R. J., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2013). Validation of the revised sport motivation scale (SMS-II). Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(3), 329–341. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.12.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phoenix, C., & Orr, P. (2014). Pleasure: A forgotten dimension of physical activity in older age. Social Science and Medicine, 115, 94–102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasquinha, A., Dunn, G. H., & Dunn, J. C. (2014). Relationships between perfectionistic strivings, perfectionistic concerns, and competitive sport level. Psychology of Sport and Exercice, 15(6), 659–667. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.07.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Recours, R., Souville, M., & Griffet, J. (2004). Expressed motives for informal and club/association-based sports participation. Journal of Leisure Research, 36(1), 1–22. doi:10.1080/00222216.2004.11950008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson, M. D., & Clore, G. L. (2002). Belief and feeling: Evidence for an accessibility model of emotional self-report. Psychological Bulletin, 128(6), 934–960. doi:10.1037//0033-2909.128.6.934
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2007). Active human nature: Self-determination Theory and the promotion and maintenance of sport, exercise, and health. In: M. S. Hagger, &, N. L. D. Chatzisarantis. (Eds.), Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in exercise and sport (pp. 1–20). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Saragiotto, B. T., di Pierro, C., & Lopes, A. D. (2014). Risk factors and injury prevention in elite athletes: A descriptive study of the opinions of physical therapists, doctors and trainers. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 18(2), 137–143. doi:10.1590/S1413-35552012005000147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarrazin, P. H., Famose, J. P., Cury, F., Biddle, S., Fox, K., & Durand, M. (1995). Buts d’accomplissement et croyances relatives à la nature de l’habileté motrice. Science and Motricité, 26, 21–31.
   Google Scholar
• Satorra, A. (2000). Scaled and adjusted restricted tests in multi-sample analysis of moment structures. In R. D. Heijmans, D. S. Pollock, & A. Satorra (Eds.), Innovations in multivariate statistics. A Festschrift for Heinz Neudecker (pp. 233–247). London, UK: Kluwer Academic.
   Google Scholar
• Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. (2001). A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika, 66(4), 507–514. doi:10.1007/BF02296192
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnell, A., Mayer, J., Diehl, K., Zipfel, S., & Thiel, A. (2014). Giving everything for athletic success! Sports-specific risk acceptance of elite adolescent athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercice, 15(2), 165–172. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.10.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sirard, J. R., Pfeiffer, K. A., & Pate, R. R. (2006). Motivational factors associated with sports program participation in middle school students. Journal of Adolescent Health, 38(6), 696–703. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.07.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slovic, P. (1966). Risk-taking in children: Age and sex differences. Child Development, 37(1), 169–176. doi:10.2307/1126437
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stalsberg, R., & Pedersen, A. V. (2010). Review. Effects of socioeconomic status on the physical activity in adolescents: A systematic review of the evidence. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 20, 368–383. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01047.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinberg, L. (2007). Risk taking in adolescence. New perspectives from brain and behavioral science. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16(2), 55–59. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00475.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suris, J. C., Michaud, P. A., Chossis, I., & Jeannin, A. (2006). Towards a sedentary society: Trends in adolescent sport practice in Switzerland (1993-2002). The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 39(1), 132–134.
   Google Scholar
• Tännsjö, T., & Tamburrini, C. (2000). Values in Sport. London, UK: Spon.
   Google Scholar
• Texeira, P. J., Carraça, E. V., Markland, D., Silva, M. N., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: a systematic review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 9, 78. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-9-78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uijtdewilligen, L., Nauta, J., Singh, A. S., van Mechelen, W., Twisk, J. W. R., van der Horst, K., & Chinapaw, M. J. M. (2011). Determinants of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in young people: A review and quality synthesis of prospective studies. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(11), 896–905. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090197
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ulmann, J. (1971). De la Gymnastique aux Sports Modernes. 2nd edn. Paris: Vrin, (1st edn 1965)
   Google Scholar
• Van Cappellen, P., Rice, E. L., Catalino, L. I., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2017). Positive affective processes underlie positive health behavior change. Psychology & Health, 12, 1–21.
   Google Scholar
• Van de Laar, R. J., Ferreira, I., van Mechelen, W., Prins, M. H., Twisk, J. W., & Stehouwer, C. D. (2011). Habitual physical activity and peripheral arterial compliance in young adults: The Amsterdam growth and health longitudinal study. American Journal of Hypertension, 24(2), 200–208. doi:10.1038/ajh.2010.201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, X. (2011). The role of anticipated negative emotions and past behavior in individuals’ physical activity intentions and behaviors. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12(3), 300–305. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.09.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warner, S., & Dixon, M. A. (2015). Competition, gender and the sport experience: An exploration among college athletes. Sport, Education and Society, 20(4), 527–545. doi:10.1080/13573322.2013.774273
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, L. R., & Parkin, W. A. (1980). Personality factor profiles of three hockey groups. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 11, 113–120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willig, C. (2008). A phenomenological investigation of the experience of taking part in ‘Extreme Sports’. Journal of Health Psychology, 13(5), 690–702. doi:10.1177/1359105307082459
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wirtz, D., Kruger, J., Scollon, C. N., & Diener, E. (2003). What to do on spring break? The role of predicted, on-line, and remembered experience in future choice. Psychological Science, 14(5), 520–524. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.03455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodman, T., Hardy, L., Barlow, M., & Le Scanff, C. (2010). Motives for prolonged engagement high-risk sports: an agentic emotion regulation perspective. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 11(5), 345–352. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.04.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yungblut, H. E., Schinke, R. J., & McGannon, K. R. (2012). Views of adolescent female youth on physical activity during early adolescence. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 11, 39–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar