177
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Effect of Injection Parameters and Addition of Nanoscale Materials on the Shrinkage of Polypropylene Copolymer

, , , &
Pages 573-586 | Received 13 Oct 2008, Accepted 03 Dec 2008, Published online: 08 May 2009

References

  • Mamat , A. , Trochu , F. and Sanschagrin , B. 1995 . nalysis of shrinkage by dual kriging for filled and unfilled polypropylene molded parts . Polym. Eng. Sci , 35 : 1511 – 1520 .
  • Delbarre , P. , Pabiot , J. , Rietsch , F. , Daurelle , J. F. and Lamblin , V. 1991 . Experimental study of processing conditions on shrinkage and on warpage of injected parts . SPE. ANTEC. Tech. Pap , 37 : 301 – 304 .
  • Bain , M. F. , Janicki , S. L. , Ulmer , A. S. and Thomas , S. L. 1992 . Mold shrinkage: Not a single data point . SPE. ANTEC. Tech. Pap , 38 : 977 – 980 .
  • Isayev , A. I. and Hariharan , T. 1985 . Volumetric effects in the injection molding of polymers . Polym. Eng. Sci , 25 : 271 – 278 .
  • Kumazawa , H. 1994 . Prediction of anisotropic shrinkage of an injection molded part . SPE. ANTEC. Tech. Pap , 40 : 817 – 821 .
  • Nagy , M. 1993 . In long term shrinkage of polypropylene . SPE. ANTEC. Tech. Pap , 39 : 2155 – 2155 .
  • Liu , C. and Manzione , L. T. 1996 . Process studies in precision injection molding. I: Process parameters and precision . Polym. Eng. Sci , 36 : 1 – 9 .
  • Leo , V. and Cuvelliez , C H . 1996 . The effect of the packing parameters, gate geometry, and mold elasticity on the final dimensions of a molded part . Polym. Eng. Sci , 36 : 1961 – 1971 .
  • Jansen , K. M.B. , Pantani , R. and Titomanlio , G. 1998 . As-molded shrinkage measurements on polystyrene injection molded products . Polym. Eng. Sci , 38 : 254 – 264 .
  • Jansen , K. M.B. , Van Dijk , D. J. and Husselman , M. H. 1998 . Effect of processing condition on shrinkage in injection molding . Polym. Eng. Sci , 38 : 838 – 846 .
  • Chang , T. C. 2001 . Shrinkage behavior and optimization of injection molded parts studied by the Taguchi method . Polym. Eng. Sci. , 41 : 703 – 710 .
  • Liao , S. J. , Chang , D. Y. , Chen , H. J. , Tsou , L. S. , Ho , J. R. , Yau , H. T. , Hsieh , W. H. , Wang , J. T. and Su , Y. C. 2004 . Optimal process conditions of shrinkage and warpage of thin-wall parts . Polym. Eng. Sci , 44 : 917 – 928 .
  • Fujiyama , M. , Kitajima , Y. and Inata , H. 2002 . Structure and properties of injection-molded polypropylenes with different molecular weight distribution and tacticity characteristics . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 84 : 2142 – 2156 .
  • Fujiyama , M. and Wakino , T. 1992 . Molecular orientation in injection-molded polypropylene copolymers with ethylene . Intern. Polym. Proc. , 1 : 97 – 105 .
  • Kwon , K. , Isayev , A. I. , Kim , K. H. and Sweden , C. V. 2006 . Theoretical and experimental studies of anisotropic shrinkage in injection moldings of semicrystalline polymers . Polym. Eng. Sci , 12 : 712 – 728 .
  • Fujiyama , M. 1978 . Effect of molecular parameters on the shrinkage of injection-molded polypropylene . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 22 : 1225 – 1241 .
  • Thomas , R. and McCaffery , N. 1989 . Prediction of real product shrinkages, calculated from a simulation of the injection molding process . SPE. ANTEC. Tech. Pap. , 35 : 371 – 375 .
  • Ries , H. 1994 . Shrinkage measurements on rectangular injection molded test specimens . Kunststoffe. , 84 : 1710 – 1716 .
  • Heiber , C. A. , Wang , P. J. and Wang , K. K. 1991 . Injection molding a center-gated disk: modelling and measurements for the filling and post-filling stages including gapwise shrinkage . SPE. ANTEC. Tech. Pap. , 37 : 259 – 263 .
  • Pierick , D. and Noller , R. 1991 . Effect of processing conditions on shrinkage . SPE. ANTEC. Tech. Pap. , 37 : 252 – 258 .
  • Pomerleau , J. and Sanschagrin , B. 2006 . Injection molding shrinkage of PP: Experimental progress . Polym. Eng. Sci. , 46 : 1275 – 1283 .
  • Greiner , R. and Schwarzl , F. R. 1984 . Thermal contraction and volume relaxation of amorphous polymers . Rheol. Acta. , 23 : 378 – 395 .
  • Dagani , R. 1999 . Putting the nano into composites: from nanoparticles to nanotubes, ultrasmall building blocks lead to new and improved properties, better performance . Chem. Eng. News , 77 : 25 – 26 .
  • Arellano , M. , Manas , Z. I. and Feke , D. L. 1995 . Assessment of the dispersibility of surfactant-treated titanium dioxide powders for compounding with polyethylene . Polym. Compos. , 16 : 489 – 494 .
  • Premphet , K. and Horanont , P. 1999 . Influence of stearic acid treatment of filler particles on the structure and properties of ternary-phase polypropylene composites . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 74 : 3445 – 3454 .
  • Guo , T. , Wang , L. S. , Zhang , A. Q. and Cai , T. M. 2005 . Effects of nano calcium carbonate modified by a lanthanum compound on the properties of polypropylene . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 97 : 1154 – 1160 .
  • Ma , G. C. , Rong , M. Z. , Zhang , M. Q. and Friedrich , K. 2005 . Irradiation-induced surface graft polymerization onto calcium carbonate nanoparticles and its toughening effects on polypropylene composites . Polym. Eng. Sci. , 45 : 529 – 538 .
  • Liang , J. Z. 2007 . Evaluation of dispersion of nano-CaCO3 particles in polypropylene matrix based on fractal method . Compos., Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. , 38 : 1502 – 1506 .
  • Chan , C. M. , Wu , J. S. , Li , J. X. and Cheung , Y. K. 2002 . Polypropylene/calcium carbonate nanocomposites . Polymer. , 43 : 2981 – 2992 .
  • Chen , M. J. , Tian , G. H. , Zhang , Y. , Wan , C. Y. and Zhang , Y. X. 2006 . Effect of silicon dioxide on crystallization and melting behavior of polypropylene . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 100 : 1889 – 1898 .
  • Qian , J. S. , He , P. S. and Nie , K. M. 2004 . Nonisothermal crystallization of PP/nano-SiO2 composites . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 91 : 1013 – 1019 .
  • Li , D. S. , Xia , H. B. , Peng , J. , Zhai , M. L. , Wei , G. S. , Li , J. Q. and Qiao , J. L. 2007 . Radiation preparation of nano-powdered styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)and its toughening effect for polystyrene and high-impact polystyrene . Radiat. Phys. Chem. , 76 : 1732 – 1735 .
  • Peng , J. , Xia , H. B. , Zhai , M. L. , Li , J. Q. , Qiao , J. L. and Wei , G. S. 2007 . Radiation-induced graft polymerization of maleic acid and maleic anhydride onto ultra-fine powdered styrene–butadiene rubber(UFSBR) . Radiat. Phys. Chem. , 76 : 1741 – 1745 .
  • Li , D. S. , Peng , J. , Zhai , M. L. , Qiao , J. L. , Zhang , X. H. and Wei , G. S. 2008 . Novel methods for synthesis of high-impact polystyrene with bimodal distribution of rubber particle size . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 109 : 2071 – 2075 .
  • Yu , H. B. , Peng , J. , Zhai , M. L. , Li , J. Q. , Wei , G. S. and Qiao , J. L. 2007 . Radiation-induced copolymerization of styrene/n-butyl acrylate in the presence of ultra-fine powdered styrene– butadiene rubber . Radiat. Phys. Chem. , 76 : 1736 – 1740 .
  • Liu , Z. Y. , Yu , R. Z. , Yang , M. B. , Feng , J. M. , Yang , W. and Yin , B. 2007 . An approach to preparation of polymer nano CaCO3 composites . Acta Polym. Sin. , 1 : 53 – 58 .
  • Tao , R. , Liu , Z. Y. , Yang , W. and Yang , M. B. 2008 . Effect of dispersion condition of calcium carbonate on the crystallization and melting behavior of polypropylene/CaCO3 nanocomposites . Polym. Plast. Tech. Eng. , 47 : 490 – 495 .
  • Khare , A. , Mitra , A. and Radhakrishnan , S. 1996 . Effect of CaCO3 on the crystallization behavior of polypropylene . J. Mater. Sci. , 31 ( 21 ) : 5691 – 5695 .
  • Huang , Y. P. , Chen , G. M. , Yao , Z. , Li , H. W. and Wu , Y. 2005 . Non-isothermal crystallization behavior of polypropylene with nucleating agents and nano-calcium carbonate . Eur. Polym. J. , 41 : 2753 – 2760 .
  • Dondero , W. E. and Gorga , R. E. 2006 . Morphological and mechanical properties of carbon nanotube/polymer composites via melt compounding . J. Polym. Sci., Pt. B-Polym. Phys. , 44 : 864 – 868 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.