43
Views
54
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

Preprogramming, Programming, and Reprogramming of Aimed Hand Movements as a Function of Age

&
Pages 322-340 | Received 01 Jul 1981, Published online: 13 Aug 2013

References

  • Anders, T. R., & Fozard, J. L. Effects of age upon retrieval from primary and secondary memory. Developmental Psychology, 1973, 9, 411–415.
  • Anders, T. R., Fozard, J. L, & Lillyquist, T. D. Effects of age upon retrieval from short-term memory. Developmental Psychology, 1972, 6, 214–217.
  • Birren, J. E. Translations in Gerontology—from lab to life. Psychophysiology and speed of response. American Psychologist, 1974, 29, 808–815.
  • Botwinick, J. Cautiousness in advanced age. Journal of Gerontology, 1966, 21, 347–353.
  • Craft, J. L., & Simon, J. R. Processing symbolic information from a visual display; Interference from an irrelevant directional cue. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1970, 83, 415–420.
  • Craik, F. I. M. Applications of signal detection theory to studies of aging. In A. T. Welford and J. E. Birren (Eds.), Decision making and age. Basel: Karger, 1969.
  • Deupree, R. H., & Simon, J. R. Reaction time and movement time as a function of age, stimulus duration, and task difficulty. Ergonomics, 1963, 6, 403–411.
  • Diggles, V. A. Rapid error correction: Evidence for internal feedback. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1981.
  • Eccles, J. C. The understanding of the brain. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company, 1977.
  • Ericksen, C. W., Hamlin, R. M., & Daye, C. Aging adults and rate of memory scan. Bulletin of Psychonomic Society, 1973, 1, 259–260.
  • Clencross, D. J. Latency and response complexity. Journal of Motor Behavior, 1972, 4, 251–256.
  • Clencross, D. J. Response complexity and the latency of different movement patterns. Journal of Motor Behavior, 1973, 5, 95–104.
  • Glencross, D. J. The latency of aiming movements. Journal of Motor Behavior, 1976, 8, 27–34.
  • Goodman, D., & Kelso, J. A. S. Are movements prepared in parts? Not under compatible (naturalized) conditions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 1980, /09, 475–495.
  • Gottsdanker, R. Choice reaction time and the nature of the choice response. Psychonomic Science, 1969, 14, 257–258.
  • Gottsdanker, R. Aging and the use of advance probability information. Journal of Motor Behavior, 1980, 12, 133–143. (a)
  • Gottsdanker, R. Aging and the maintaining of preparation. Experimental Aging Research, 1980, 6, 13–27. (b)
  • Griew, S. Uncertainty as a determinant of performance in relation to age. Gerontologia, 1958, 2, 284–289.
  • Griew, S. Complexity of response and time of initiating response in relation to age. American journal of Psychology, 1959, 72, 83–88.
  • Griew, S. Age, information, transmission, and the positional relationship between signals and responses in the performance of a choice task. Ergonomics, 1964, 7, 267–277.
  • Hallett, H. M., Shahani, B. T., & Young, R. R. Emg analysis of stereotyped voluntary movements in man. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 1975, 38, 1154–1162.
  • Henry F. M. Use of simple reaction time in motor programming studies: A reply to Klapp, Wyatt, and Lingo. Journal of Motor Behavior, 1980, 12, 163–168.
  • Henry. F. M. The evolution of the memory-drum theory of neuromotor reaction. In C. A. Brooks (Ed.), Perspectives on the academic discipline of physical education. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics Publishers, 1981.
  • Henry, F. M., & Rogers, D. E. Increased latency for complicated movements and a “memory drum” theory of neuromotor reaction. Research Quarterly, 1960, 31, 448–458.
  • Kay, H. Some experiments on adult learning. In Old age in the modern world. Edinburgh: Livingstone, 1955.
  • Keele, S. W. Movement control in skilled motor performances. Psychological Bulletin, 1968, 70, 387–403.
  • Kerr, B. Decisions about movement direction and extent, Journal of Human Movement Studies, 1976, 3, 199–213.
  • Klapp, S. T. Feedback versus motor programming in the control of aimed movements. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1975, 104, 147–153.
  • Klapp, S. T. Response programming, as assessed by reaction time, does not establish commands for particular muscles. Journal of Motor Behavior, 1977, 9, 301–312. (a)
  • Klapp, S. T. Reaction time analysis of programmed control. In R. Hutton (Ed.), Exercise and sports sciences reviews (Vol. 5). Santa Barbara, California: Journal Publishing Affiliates, 1977. (b)
  • Klapp, S. T. The memory drum theory after twenty years: Comments on Henry's note. Journal of Motor Behavior, 1980, 12, 169–171.
  • Klapp, S. T., & Erwin, C. I. Relation between programming time and duration of the response being programmed. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1976, 105, 591–598.
  • Klapp, S. T., & Griem, D. M. Programmed control of aimed movements re-visited: The role of target visibility and symmetry. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1979, 108, 509–521.
  • Larish, D. D. On the relationship between response organization processes and response programming. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1980.
  • McCracken, H. D. Programming direction, extent, and duration in aimed hand movements. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1979.
  • Megaw, E. D. Direction and extent uncertainty in step-input tracking. Journal of Motor Behavior, 1972, 4, 171–186.
  • Newell, K. M., Hoshizaki, L. E. F., Carlton, M. J., & Halbert, J. A. Movement time and velocity as determinants of movement timing accuracy. Journal of Motor Behavior, 1979, 11, 49–58.
  • Rabbitt, P. M. A. An age-decrement in the ability to ignore irrelevant information. Journal of Gerontology, 1965, 20, 233–238.
  • Rabbitt, P. M. A., & Rogers, M. Age and choice between responses in a self-paced repetitive task. Ergonomics, 1965, 8, 435–444.
  • Rosenbaum, D. A. Human movement initiation: Specification of arm, direction, and extent. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 1980, 109, 444–474.
  • Siegel, D. S. The effect of movement amplitude and target diameter on reaction time. Journal of Motor Behavior, 1977, 9, 257–265.
  • Silverman, I. Age and the tendency to withhold a response. Journal of Gerontology, 1963, 18, 372–375.
  • Simon, J. R. Choice reaction time as a function of auditory S-R correspondence, age, and sex. Ergonomics, 1967, 10, 659–654.
  • Simon, J. R. Signal processing time as a function of aging. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1968, 78, 76–80.
  • Simon, J. R. Stereotypic reactions in information processing. In L. E. Smith (Ed.), Psychology of motor learning. Chicago: The Athletic Institute, 1970.
  • Simon, J. R., Craft, J. L., & Small, A. M. Manipulating the strength of a stereotype: Interference effects in an auditory information-processing task. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1970, 86, 63–68.
  • Simon, J. R., & Pouraghabagher, A. R. The effect of aging on the stages of processing in a choice reaction time task. Journal of Gerontology, 1978, 33, 553–561.
  • Tobin, P., & Simon, J. R. Effect of task complexity and stimulus duration on perceptualmotor performance of two disparate age groups. Ergonomics, 1968, 11, 283–290.
  • Welford, A. T. Aging and human skill. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1958.
  • Welford, A. T. Motor performance. In J. E. Birren and K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1977.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.