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Journal of Motor Behavior Volume 25, 1993 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Impulse Variability in Isometric Tasks

Les G. Carlton Department of Kinesiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
,
Ky-Houng Kim Department of Kinesiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
,
Yeou-Teh Liu Department of Kinesiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
&
Karl M. Newell Department of Kinesiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
Pages 33-43 | Published online: 14 Jul 2010

References

  • Carlton , L. G. and Newell , K. M. 1985 . “ Force variability in isometric tasks ” . In Biomechanics IX , Edited by: Winter , D. A. , Norman , R. W. , Hayes , K. C. , Wells , R. P. and Patla , A. 128 – 132 . Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics .
  • Carlton , L. G. and Newell , K. M. 1988 . Force variability and movement accuracy in spacehyphen;time . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 14 : 24 – 36 .
  • Freund , H. J. and Budingen , H. J. 1978 . The relationship between speed and amplitude of the fastest voluntary contractions of human arm muscles . Experimental Brain Research , 31 : 1 – 12 .
  • Fullerton , G. S. and Cattell , J. McK. 1892 . On the perception of small differences , University of Pennsylvania Philosophical Series. No. 2
  • Ghez , C. and Vicario , D. 1978 . The control of rapid limb movement in the cat. II. Scaling of isometric force adjustments . Experimental Brain Research , 33 : 191 – 202 .
  • Kim , S. , Carlton , L. G. and Newell , K. M. 1990 . Preload and isometric force variability . Journal of Motor Behavior , 22 : 177 – 190 .
  • Meyer , D. E. , Smith , J. E. K. and Wright , C. E. 1982 . Models for the speed and accuracy of aimed movements . Psychological Review , 89 : 449 – 482 .
  • Newell , K. M. and Carlton , L. G. 1985 . On the relationship between peak force and peak force variability in isometric tasks . Journal of Motor Behavior , 17 : 230 – 241 .
  • Newell , K. M. and Carlton , L. G. 1988 . Force variability in isometric responses . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 14 : 37 – 44 .
  • Newell , K. M. , Carlton , L. G. and Carlton , M. J. 1982 . The relationship of impulse to timing error . Journal of Motor Behavior , 14 : 24 – 45 .
  • Newell , K. M. , Carlton , L. G. , Carlton , M. J. and Halbert , J. A. 1980 . Velocity as a factor in movement timing accuracy . Journal of Motor Behavior , 12 : 47 – 56 .
  • Newell , K. M. , Carlton , L. G. and Hancock , P. A. 1984 . A kinetic analysis of response variability . Psychological Bulletin , 96 : 133 – 151 .
  • Newell , K. M. , Sparrow , W. A. and Quinn , J. T. 1985 . Kinetic information feedback for learning isometric tasks . Journal of Human Movement Studies , 11 : 113 – 123 .
  • Schmidt , R. A. and Sherwood , D. E. 1982 . An invertedhyphen;U relation between spatial error and force requirements in rapid limb movements: Further evidence for the impulse variability model . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 8 : 158 – 170 .
  • Schmidt , R. A. , Sherwood , D. E. , Zelaznik , H. N. and Leikind , B. J. 1985 . “ Impulsehyphen;variability theory: Recent developments and implications for the control of rapid motor responses ” . In Motor behavior: Programming, control and acquisition , Edited by: Heuer , H. , Kleinbeck , U. and Schmidt , K. H. 79 – 123 . Berlin : Springerhyphen;Verlag .
  • Schmidt , R. A. , Zelaznik , H. N. , Hawkins , B. , Frank , J. S. and Quinn , J. T. 1979 . Motorhyphen;output variability: A theory for the accuracy of rapid motor acts . Psychological Review , 86 : 415 – 441 .
  • Sherwood , D. E. 1986 . Impulse characteristics in rapid movement: Implications for impulsehyphen;variability models . Journal of Motor Behavior , 18 : 188 – 214 .

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