Force-Time Entropy of Isometric Impulse

REFERENCES

• Abdi, H. (2010). Holm's sequential Bonferroni procedure. In N. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design (pp. 573–577). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Carlton, L. G. (1979). Control processes in the production of discrete aiming responses. Journal of Human Movement Studies, 5, 115–124.
   Google Scholar
• Carlton, L. G. (1994). The effects of temporal-precision and time-minimization constraints on the spatial and temporal accuracy of aimed hand movements. Journal of Motor Behavior, 26, 42–55.
   Google Scholar
• Carlton, L. G., Kim, S., Liu, Y. T., & Newell, K. M. (1993). Impulse variability in isometric tasks. Journal of Motor Behavior, 25, 33–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlton, L. G., & Newell, K. M. (1985). Force variability in isometric tasks. In D. A. Winter, R. W. Norman, K. C. Hayes, R. P. Wells, & A. Patla (Eds.), Biomechanics-IX (pp. 128–132). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Carlton, L. G., & Newell, K. M. (1993). Force variability and characteristics of force production. In K. M. Newell & D. M. Corcos (Eds.), Variability and motor control (pp. 15–36). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Crossman, E. R., & Goodeve, P. J. (1983). Feedback control of hand-movement and Fitts' law. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology, 35A, 251–278.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elliott, D., Hansen, S., Mendoza, J., & Tremblay, L. (2004). Learning to optimize speed, accuracy, and energy expenditure: A framework for understanding speed-accuracy relations in goal-directed aiming. Journal of Motor Behavior, 36, 339–351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elliott, D., & Khan, M. (2010). Vision and goal directed movement: Neurobehavioral perspectives. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Fitts, P. M. (1954). The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 47, 381–391.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fitts, P. M., & Peterson, J. R. (1964). Information capacity of discrete motor responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 67, 103–112.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fullerton, G. S., & Cattell, J. M. (1892). On the perception of small differences. University of Pennsylvania Philosophical Series. no. 2.
   Google Scholar
• Ghez, C., & Vicario, D. (1978). The control of limb movement in the cat: II. Scaling of isometric force adjustments. Experimental Brain Research, 33, 191–202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, S. B., & Salkind, N. J. (2003). Using SPSS for windows and macintosh: Analyzing and understanding data (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Hancock, P. A., & Newell, K. M. (1985). The movement speed-accuracy relationship in space-time. In H. Heuer, U. Kleinbeck, & K. H. Schmidt (Eds.), Motor behavior: Programming, control and acquisition (pp. 153–188). Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Hsieh, T. Y., Liu, Y. T., Mayer-Kress, G., & Newell, K. M. (2013). The movement speed-accuracy relation in space-time. Human Movement Science, 32, 257–269.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsieh, T. Y., Pacheco, M. M., & Newell, K. M. (under review). Entropy of space-time outcome in a movement speed-accuracy task. Human Movement Science.
   Google Scholar
• Kim, S., Carlton, L. G., Liu, Y. T., & Newell, K. M. (1999). Impulse and movement space-time variability. Journal of Motor Behavior, 31, 341–357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai, S. C., Hsieh, T. Y., & Newell, K. M. (2015). Entropy of movement outcome in space-time. Motor Control, 19, 173–190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai, S. C., Mayer-Kress, G., & Newell, K. M. (2006). Information entropy and the variability of space-time movement error. Journal of Motor Behavior, 38, 451–466.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer, D. E., Abrams, R. A., Kornblum, S., Wright, C. E., & Smith, J. E. K., (1988). Optimality in human motor performance: Ideal control of rapid aimed movements. Psychological Review, 95, 340–370.
   Google Scholar
• Newell, K. M. (1980). The speed—accuracy paradox in movement control: Errors of time and space. In G. E. Stelmach & J. Requin (Eds.), Tutorials in motor behavior (pp. 501–510). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: North-Holland.
   Google Scholar
• Newell, K. M., & Carlton, L. G. (1985). On the relationship between peak force and peak force variability in isometric tasks. Journal of Motor Behavior, 17, 230–241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newell, K. M., & Carlton, L. G. (1988). Force variability in isometric responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 14, 37–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newell, K. M., Carlton, L. G., & Carlton, M. J. (1982). The relationship of impulse to response timing error. Journal of Motor Behavior, 14, 25–45.
   Google Scholar
• Newell, K. M., Carlton, L. G., & Hancock, P. A. (1984). Kinetic analysis of response variability. Psychological Bulletin, 96, 133–151.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newell, K. M., Hoshizaki, L., Carlton, M. J., & Halbert, J. A. (1979). Movement time and velocity as determinants of movement timing accuracy. Journal of Motor Behavior, 11, 49–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plamondon, R., & Alimi, A. M. (1997). Speed/accuracy trade-offs in target-directed movements. Behavior and Brain Sciences, 20, 279–349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, R. A., & Sherwood, D. E. (1982). An inverted-U relation between spatial error and force requirements in rapid limb movements: Further evidence for the impulse-variability model. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 8, 158–170.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, R. A., Zelaznik, H., Hawkins, B., Frank, J. S., & Quinn, J. T. Jr. (1979). Motor-output variability: A theory for the accuracy of rapid motor acts. Psychological Review, 47, 415–451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, D. W. (1992). Multivariate density estimation. New York: John Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Sherwood, D. E., & Schmidt, R. A. (1980). The relationship between force and force variability in minimal and near-maximal static and dynamic contractions. Journal of Motor Behavior, 12, 75–89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shannon, C. E., & Weaver, W. (1949). The mathematical theory of communication. New York, NY: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Urbin, M. A., Stodden, D. F., Fischman, M. G., & Weimar, W. H. (2011). Impulse-variability theory: Implications for ballistic, multijoint motor skill performance. Journal of Motor Behavior, 43, 275–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urbin, M. A., Stodden, D. F., Rhonda, R., & Shannon, D. (2012). Examining impulse-variability in overarm throwing. Journal of Motor Control, 16, 19–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, G. P. (1997). Chaos theory tamed. Washington, DC: Joseph Henry Press.
   Google Scholar
• Woodworth, R. S. (1899). The accuracy of voluntary movement. Psychological Review-Monograph Supplements, 3, 1–114.
   Google Scholar
•    
   Google Scholar