1,171
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Neuroimaging and Occupational Therapy: Bridging the Gap to Advance Rehabilitation in Developmental Coordination Disorder

&
Pages 98-110 | Received 01 Dec 2015, Accepted 29 Oct 2016, Published online: 06 Feb 2017

REFERENCES

  • Adams, I. L. J., Lust, J. M., Wilson, P. H., & Steenbergen, B. (2014). Compromised motor control in children with DCD: A deficit in the internal model?—A systematic review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 47, 225–244.
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders—5th edition (DSM-5) Washington, DC: Author.
  • Armstrong, D. (2012). Examining the evidence for interventions with children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 75, 532–540.
  • Barkovich, A. J., & Raybaud, C. (2011). Pediatric neuroimaging (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Beaulieu, C., Plewes, C., Paulson, L. A., Roy, D., Snook, L., Concha, L., & Phillips, L. (2005). Imaging brain connectivity in children with diverse reading ability. NeuroImage, 25, 1266–1271.
  • Beery, K. E., & Beery, N. A. (2004). Beery-Buktenica developmental test of visual motor integration (5th ed.). Minneapolis, MN: NCS Pearson.
  • Bieyenheuft, Y., Driccot, L., Gilis, N., Kuo, H. C., Grandin, C., Bieyenheuft, C., … Friel, K. M. (2015). Capturing neuroplastic changes after bimanual intensive rehabilitation in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy: A combined DTI, TMS, and fMRI pilot study. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 43–44, 136–149.
  • Boyd, L. A., Vidoni, E. D., & Daly, J. J. (2007). Answering the call: The influence of neuroimaging and electrophysiological evidence on rehabilitation. Physical Therapy, 87, 684–703.
  • Brown-Lum, M., & Zwicker, J. G. (2015). Brain imaging increases our understanding of developmental coordination disorder: A review of literature and future directions. Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 2, 131–140.
  • Blumenfeld-Katzir, T., Pasternak, O., Dagan, M., & Assaf, Y. (2011). Diffusion MRI of structural brain plasticity. PLoS ONE, 6, e20671.
  • Brummelte, S., Grunau, R. E., Chau, V., Poskitt, K. J., Brant, R., Vinall, J., … Miller, S. P. (2012). Procedural pain and brain development in premature newborns. Annals of Neurology, 71, 385–396.
  • Cantell, M. H., Smyth, M. M & Ahonen, T. P. (2003). Two distinct pathways for developmental coordination disorder: Persistence and resolution. Human Movement Science, 22, 413–431.
  • Caeyenberghs, K., Taymans, T., Wilson, P. H., Vanderstraeten, G., Hosseini, H., & Waelvelde, H. (2016). Neural signature of developmental coordination disorder in the structural connectome independent of comorbid autism. Developmental Science, 19, 599–612.
  • Cascio, C. J., Gerig, G., & Piven, J. (2007). Diffusion tensor imaging: Application to the study of the developing brain. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 46, 213–223.
  • Chavhan, G. B., Babyn, P. S., Thomas, B., Shroff, M. M., & Haacke, E. M. (2009). Principles, techniques and applications of T2* - based MR imaging and its special applications. Radiographics, 29, 1422–1449.
  • Ciccarelli, O., Catani, M., Johansen-Berg, H., & Clark, C. (2008). Diffusion-based tractography in neurological disorders: Concepts, applications, and future developments. Lancet, 7, 715–727.
  • Cousins, M. & Smyth, M. M. (2003). Developmental coordination impairments in adulthood. Human Movement Science, 22, 433–459.
  • Debrabant, J., Gheysen, F., Caeyenberghs, K., Van Waelvelde, H., & Vingerhoets, G. (2013). Neural underpinnings of impaired predictive motor timing in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34, 1478–87.
  • Debrabant, J., Vingerhoets, G., Van Waelveide, H., Leemans, A., Taymans, T., & Caeyenberghs, K. (2016). Brain connectomics of visual-motor deficits in children with developmental coordination disorder. Journal of Pediatrics, 169, 21–27. e2
  • Dewey, D., Cantell, M., & Crawford, S. G. (2002). Motor and gestural performance in childrn with autism spectrum disorders, developmental coordination disorder, and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of International Neuropsychological Society, 13, 246–56.
  • Dubois, J., Dehaene-Lambertz, G., Kulikova, S., Poupon, C., Huppi, P. S., & Hertz-Pannier, L. (2014). The early development of brain white matter: A review of imaging studies in fetuses, newborns and infants. Neuroscience, 276, 48–71.
  • Edwards, J., Berube, M., Erlandson, K., Haug, S., Johnstone, H., Meagher, M., … Zwicker, J. G. (2011). Developmental coordination disorder in school-aged children born very preterm and/or at very low birth weight: a systematic review. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 32, 678–87.
  • Englander, Z. A., Sun, J., Case, L., Mikati, M. A., Kurtzberg, J., & Song, A. W. (2015). Brain structural connectivity increases concurrent with functional improvement: Evidence from diffusion tensor MRI in children with cerebral palsy during therapy. NeuroImage: Clinical, 7, 315–324.
  • Gebauer, D., Fink, A., Filippini, N., Johansen-Berg, H., Reishofer, G., Koschutnig, K., … Enzinger, C. (2012). Differences in integrity of white matter and changes with training in spelling impaired children: A diffusion tensor imaging study. Brain Structure & Function, 217, 747–760.
  • Goulardins, J. B., Rigoli, D., Licari, M., Piek, J. P., Hasue, R. H., Oosterlaan, J., & Oliveira, J. A. (2015). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder: Two separate disorders or do they share a common etiology. Behavioral Brain Research, 292, 484–492.
  • Grunau, R. E., Whitfield, M. F., Petrie-Thomas, J., Synnes, A. R., Cepeda, I. L., Keider, A., … Johannesen, D. (2009). Neonatal pain, parenting stress and interaction, in relation to cognitive and motor development at 8 and 18 months in preterm infants. Pain, 143, 138–146.
  • Harris, S. R., Mickelson, E. C. R., & Zwicker, J. G. (2015). Diagnosis and management of developmental coordination disorder. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 187, 659–665.
  • Heeger, D. J., & Ress, D. (2002). What does fMRI tell us about neuronal activity? Nature Review Neuroscience, 3, 142–151.
  • Hellgren, L., Gillberg, C., Gillberg, I. C. & Enerskog, I. (1993). Children with deficits in attention, motor control and perception (DAMP) almost grown up: General health at 16 years. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 35, 881–885.
  • Henderson, S. E., Sudgen, D. A., & Barnett, A. L. (2007). Movement assessment battery for children (2nd ed.). London, UK: Psychological Corporation.
  • Inguaggiato, E., Sgandurra, G., Perazza, S., Guzzetta, A., & Cioni, G. (2013). Brain reorganization following intervention in children with congenital hemiplegia: A systematic review. Neural Plasticity, 2013, 356275.
  • Jones, D. K., Knösche, T. R., & Turner, R. (2013). White matter integrity, fiber count, and other fallicies: The do's and don'ts of diffusion MRI. NeuroImage, 73, 239–254.
  • Kadesjo, B. & Gillberg, C. (1998). Attention deficits and clumsiness in Swedish 7-year-old children. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 49, 796–804.
  • Kaplan, B. J., Crawford, S. G., Wilson, B. N., & Dewey, D. (1997). Comorbidity of developmental coordination disorder and different types of reading disability. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 3, 54.
  • Kaplan, B. J., Wilson, B. N., Dewey, D., & Crawford, S. G. (1998). DCD may not be a discrete disorder. Human Movement Science, 17, 471–490.
  • Kashiwagi, M., Iwaki, S., Narumi, Y., Tamai, H., & Suzuki, S. (2009). Parietal dysfunction in developmental coordination disorder: a functional MRI study. Brain Imaging, 20, 1319–1324.
  • Kawato, M. (1999). Internal models for motor control and trajectory planning. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 9, 718–727.
  • Keller, T. A., & Just, M. A. (2009). Altering cortical connectivity: Remediation-induced changes in the white matter of poor readers. Neuron, 64, 624–631.
  • Kilner, J. M., Friston, K. J., & Frith, C. D. (2007). Predictive coding: An account of the mirror neuron system. Cognitive Processing, 8, 159–166.
  • Kim, J. H., Kwon, Y. M., & Son, S. M. (2015). Motor function outcomes of pediatric patients with hemiplegic cerebral palsy after rehabilitation treatment: A diffusion tensor imaging study. Neural Regeneration Research, 10, 624–630.
  • Kimberley, T. J. & Lewis, S. M. (2007). Understanding neuroimaging. Physical Therapy, 87, 670–683.
  • Krafft, C. E., Schwarz, N. F., Chi, L., Weinberger, A. L., Schaeffer, D. J., Pierce, J. E., … McDowell, J. E. (2014). An 8-month randomized controlled exercise trial alters brain activation during cognitive tasks in overweight children. Obesity, 22, 232–242.
  • Langevin, L. M., MacMaster, F., Crawford, S., Lebel, C., & Dewey, D. (2014). Common white matter microstructure alterations in pediatric motor and attention disorders. Journal of Pediatrics, 164, 1157–1164.e1.
  • Langevin, L. M., MacMaster, F. P., & Dewey, D. (2015). Distinct patterns of cortical thinning in concurrent motor and attention disorder. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 57, 257–264.
  • Lebel, C., Shaywitz, B., Holahan, J., Shaywitz, S., Marchione, K. & Beaulieu, C. (2013). Diffusion tensor imaging correlates of reading ability in dysfluent and non-impaired readers. Brain and Language, 125, 215–222.
  • Licari, M. K., Billington, J., Reid, S. L., Wann, J. P., Elliott, C. M., Winsor, A. M., Bynevelt, M. (2015). Cortical functioning in children with developmental coordination disorder. Experimental Brain Research, 233, 1703–1710.
  • Lloyd, W., Mon-Williams, M., Waiter, G. D., & Williams, J. H. (2010). Developmental coordination disorder: A voxel-based MRI study of neural correlates. Proceedings from the International Society for Magnetic Resonance Medicine, 18.
  • Marien, P., Wackenier, P., De Surgeloose, D., De Deyn, P. P., & Verhoeven, J. (2010). Developmental coordination disorder: Disruption of the cerebello-cerebral network evidced by SEPCT. Cerebellum, 9, 405–410.
  • Mattay, V. & Weinberger, D. (1999). Organization of the human motor system as studied by functional magnetic resonance imaging. European Journal of Radiology, 30, 105114.
  • McCarron, L. T. (1997). MAND McCarron assessment of neuromuscular development: fine and gross motor abilities (rev. ed.). Dallaas, TX: Common Market Press.
  • McLeod, K. R., Langevin, L. M., Goodyear, B. G., & Dewey, D. (2014). Functional connectivity of neural motor networks is disrupted in children with developmental coordination disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. NeuroImage: Clinical, 4, 566–575.
  • Miall, R. C. (2003). Connecting mirror neurons and forward models. Neuroreport, 14, 2135–2137.
  • Miller, L. T., Polatajko, H. J., Missiuna, C., Mandich, A. & Macnab, J. J. (2001). A pilot trial of a cognitive treatment for children with developmental coordination disorder. Human Movement Science, 20, 183–210.
  • Minshew, N. J. & Williams, D. L. (2007). The new neurobiology of autism cortex, connectivity, and neuronal organization. Archives of Neurology, 64, 945–950.
  • Missiuna, C., Gaines, R., & Soucie, H. (2006). Why every office needs a tennis ball: A new approach to assessing the clumsy child. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 175, 471–473.
  • Missiuna, C., Rivard, L., & Bartlett, D. (2003). Early identification and risk management of children with developmental coordination disorder. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 15, 32–38.
  • Mukherjee, P., Miller, J. H., Shimony, J. S., Philip, J. V., Nehra, D., Synder, A. Z., … McKinstry, R. C. (2002). Diffusion-tensor MR imaging of gray and white matter development during normal human brain maturation. American Journal of Neuroradiology, 23, 1445–1456.
  • Nicolson, R. I., Fawcett, A. J., Berry, E. L., Jenkins, I. H., Dean, P., & Brooks, D. J. (1999). Association of abnormal cerebellar activation with motor learning difficulties in dyslexic adults. Lancet, 353, 1662–1667.
  • Partridge, S. C., Muherjee, P., Henry, R. G., Miller, S. P., Berman, J. I., Jin, H., … Vigneron, D. B. (2004). Diffusion tensor imaging: serial quantitation of white matter tract maturity in premature newborns. NeuroImage, 22, 1302–1314.
  • Pitcher, T. M., Piek, J. P., & Hay, D. A. (2003). Fine and gross motor ability in males with ADHD. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 45, 525–535.
  • Polatajko, H. J. (1999). Developmental coordination disorder (DCD): alias the clumsy child syndrome In K. Whitmore, K. Hart, & G. Willems (Eds.), A Neurodevelopmental Approach to Specific Learning Disorders. Clinics in Developmental Medicine No. 145 (pp. 119–133). London, UK: MacKeith Press.
  • Polatajko, H. J. & Cantin, N. (2006). Developmental coordination disorder (dyspraxia): An overview of the state of the art. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, 12, 250–258.
  • Polatajko, H. J., Mandich, A. D., Miller, L. T., & Macnab, J. J. (2001a). Cognitive orientation to dailuy occupational performance (CO-OP). Part II—the evidence. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 20, 83–106.
  • Polatajko, H. J., Mandich, A. D., Missiuna, C., Miller, L. T., Macnab, J. J., Malloy-Miller, T., & Kinsella, E. A. (2001b). Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP): Part III—the protocol in brief. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 20, 107–123.
  • Prunty, M. M., Barnett, A. L., Wilmut, K., & Plumb, M. S. (2014). An examination of writing pauses in the handwriting of children with developmental coordination disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35, 2894–2905.
  • Querne, L., Berquin, P., Vernier-Hauvette, M.-P., Fall, S., Deltour, L., Meyer, M.-E., & Marco, G. (2008). Dysfunction of the attentional brain network in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A fMRI study. Brain Research, 1244, 89–102.
  • Ranger, M., Zwicker, J. G., Chau, C. M. Y., Park, M. T. T., Chakravarthy, M. M., Poskitt, K., … Grunau, R. E. (2015). Neonatal pain and infection relate to smaller cerebellum in very preterm children at school age. The Journal of Pediatrics, 167, 292–308.
  • Reynolds, J. E., Licari, M. K., Billington, J., Chen, Y., Aziz-Zadeh, L., Werner, J., … Bynevelt, M. (2015). Mirror neuron activation in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A functional MRI study. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 47, 309–319.
  • Salat, D. H., Tuch, D. S., Hevelone, N. D., Fischl, B., Corkin, S., Rosas, D., & Dale, A. M. (2005). Age-related alterations in white matter microstructure measured by diffusion tensor imaging. Neurobiology of Aging, 26, 1215–1227.
  • Saling, L. L., Phillips, J. G. (2007). Automatic behaviour: Efficient not mindless. Brain Research Bulletin, 73, 1–20.
  • Sheck, S. M., Boyd, R. N., & Rose, S. E. (2012). New insights into the pathology of white matter tracts in cerebral palsy from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging: A systematic review. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 54, 684–696.
  • Smith, G. C., Gutovich, J., Smyser, C., Pineda, R., Newhnham, C., Tjoeng, T. H., … Inder, T. (2011). Neonatal intensive care unit stress is associated with brain development in preterm infants. Annals of Neurology, 70, 541–549.
  • Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M., Blank, R., Van Der Kaay, A. C., Mostered-Van Der Meijs, R., Vlugt-Van Den Brand, E., Polatajko, H. J., … Wilson, P. H. (2013). Efficacy of interventions to improve motor performance in children with developmental coordination disorder: A combined systematic review and meta-analysis. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 55, 229–237.
  • Song, S. K., Sun, S. W., Ramsbottom, M. J., Chang, C., Russell, J., & Cross, A. H. (2002). Dysmyelination revealed through MRI is increased radial (but unchanged axial) diffusion of water. NeuroImage, 17, 1429–1436.
  • Sparks, B. F., Friedman, S. D., Shaw, D. W., Aylward, E., Echelard, D., Artru, A. A., … Dager, S. R. (2002). Brain structural abnormalities in young children with autism spectrum disorder. Neurology, 59, 184–192.
  • Sterling, C., Taub, E., Davis, D., Rickards, T., Gauthier, L. V., Griffin, A., & Uswatte, G. (2013). Structural neuroplastic change after constraint-induced movement therapy in children with cerebral palsy. Pediatrics, 131, e1664–1669.
  • Tam, E. W., Chau, V., Ferriero, D. M., Barkovich, A. J., Poskitt, K. J., Studholme, C., … Miller, S. P. (2011). Preterm cerebellar growth impairment after postnatal exposure to glucocorticoids. Science Translational Medicine, 19, 245–250.
  • Trivedi, R., Gupta, R. K., Shah, V., Tripathi, M., Rathore, R. K., Kumar, M., … Narayana, P. A. (2008). Treatment-induced plasticity in cerebral palsy: A diffusion tensor imaging study. Pediatric Neurology, 39, 341–349.
  • Tsiotra, G. D., Flouris, A., Koutedakis, Y., & Skenteris, N. (2006). A comparison of developmental coordination disorder prevalence rates in Canadian and Greek children. Journal of Adolescent Health, 39, 125-127.
  • Ugurbil, K., Hu, X., Chen, W., Zhu, X. H., Kim, S. G., & Georgopoulos, A. (1999). Functional mapping in the human brain using high magnetic fields. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences, 354, 1195–1213.
  • Visser, J. (2003). Developmental coordination disorder: A review of research on subtypes and comorbidities. Human Movement Science, 22, 479–493.
  • Werner, J. M., Cermak, S. M., & Aziz-Zadeh, L. (2012). Neural correlates of developmental coordination disorder: The mirror neuron system hypothesis. Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science, 2, 258–268.
  • Williams, D. L. & Minshew, N. J. (2007). Understanding autism and related disorders: What has imaging taught us? Neuroimaging Clinics of North America, 17, 495–509.
  • Wilson, P., Ruddock, S., Smits-Engelsman, B., Polatajko, H., & Blank, R. (2013). Understanding performance deficits in developmental coordination disorder: A meta-analysis of recent research. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 55, 217–228.
  • Wilson, P. H., Thomas, P. R., & Maruff, P. (2002). Motor imagery training ameliorates motor clumsiness in children. Journal of Child Neurology, 17, 491–498.
  • Yoshida, S., Hayakawa, K., Yamamoto, A., Okano, S., Kanda, T., Yamori, Y., … Hirota, H. (2010). Quantitative diffusion tensor tractography of the motor and sensory tract in children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 52, 935–940.
  • Zatorre, R. J., Fields, R. D., & Johansen-Berg, H. (2012). Plasticity in gray and white: Neuroimaging changes in brain structure during learning. Nature Neuroscience, 15, 528–536.
  • Zwicker, J. G., Grunau, R. E., Adams, E., Chau, V., Brant, R., Poskitt, K. J., … Miller, S. P. (2013). Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II and neonatal pain predict corticospinal tract development in premature newborns. Pediatric Neurology, 48, 123–129.
  • Zwicker, J. G., Harris, S. R., & Klassen, A. F. (2013). Quality of life domains affected in children with developmental coordination disorder: A systematic review. Child: Care, Health and Development, 39, 562–580.
  • Zwicker, J. G., Miller, S. P., Grunau, R. E., Chau, V., Brant, R., Studholme, C., … Tam, E. W. Y. (2015). Smaller cerebellar growth and poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes in very preterm infants exposed to neonatal morphine. Journal of Pediatrics, 172, 81–87. e2.
  • Zwicker, J. G., Missiuna, C., & Boyd, L. A. (2009). Neural correlates of developmental coordination disorder: A review of hypotheses. Journal of Child Neurology, 24, 1273–1281.
  • Zwicker, J. G., Missiuna, C., Harris, S., & Boyd, L. A. (2010). Brain activation of children with developmental coordination disorder is different than peers. Pediatrics, 126, e678–e686.
  • Zwicker, J. G., Missiuna, C., Harris, S., & Boyd, L. A. (2011). Brain activation associated with motor skill practice in children with developmental coordination disorder: An fMRI study. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 29, 145–152.
  • Zwicker, J. G., Missiuna, C., Harris, S., & Boyd, L. (2012a). Developmental coordination disorder: A pilot diffusion tensor imaging study. Pediatric Neurology, 46, 162–167.
  • Zwicker, J. G., Missiuna, C., Harris, S., & Boyd, L. (2012b). Developmental coordination disorder: A review and update. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology, 16, 573–81.
  • Zwicker, J. G., Rehal, H., Sodhi, S., Karkling, M., Paul, A., Hilliard, M., & Jarus, T. (2015). Effectiveness of a summer camp intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 35, 163–177.
  • Zwicker, J. G., Yoon, S. W., Mackay, M., Petrie-Thomas, J., Rogers, M., & Synnes, A. R. (2013). Perinatal and neonatal predictors of developmental coordination disorder. Archives of Diseases in Children—Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 98, 118–122.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.