335
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

Age-Related Changes in Smoothness of Gait of Healthy Children and Early Adolescents

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 694-702 | Received 10 Jul 2019, Accepted 09 Oct 2019, Published online: 25 Oct 2019

References

  • Alderson, L. M., Joksaite, S. X., Kemp, J., Main, E., Watson, T., Platt, F. M., & Cortina-Borja, M. (2019). Age-related gait standards for healthy children and young people: The GOS-ICH paediatric gait centiles. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 104(8), 755. archdischild-2018-316311. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2018-316311
  • Beck, R. J., Andriacchi, T. P., Kuo, K. N., Fermier, R. W., & Galante, J. O. (1981). Changes in the gait patterns of growing children. The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, 63(9), 1452–1457. doi:10.2106/00004623-198163090-00012
  • Bellanca, J. L., Lowry, K. A., VanSwearingen, J. M., Brach, J. S., & Redfern, M. S. (2013). Harmonic ratios: A quantification of step to step symmetry. Journal of Biomechanics, 46(4), 828–831. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.12.008
  • Bisi, M., Riva, F., & Stagni, R. (2014). Measures of gait stability: Performance on adults and toddlers at the beginning of independent walking. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 11(1), 131. doi:10.1186/1743-0003-11-131
  • Bisi, M. C., & Stagni, R. (2016). Development of gait motor control: What happens after a sudden increase in height during adolescence? BioMedical Engineering Online, 15(1), 47. doi:10.1186/s12938-016-0159-0
  • Bisi, M. C., Tamburini, P., & Stagni, R. (2019). A ‘Fingerprint’ of locomotor maturation: Motor development descriptors, reference development bands and data-set. Gait & Posture, 68, 232–237. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.11.036
  • Brach, J. S., McGurl, D., Wert, D., VanSwearingen, J. M., Perera, S., Cham, R., & Studenski, S. (2011). Validation of a measure of smoothness of walking. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 66A(1), 136–141. doi:10.1093/gerona/glq170
  • Calhoun, M., Longworth, M., & Chester, V. L. (2011). Gait patterns in children with autism. Clinical Biomechanics, 26(2), 200–206. doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2010.09.013
  • Chen, X., Liao, S., Cao, S., Wu, D., & Zhang, X. (2017). An acceleration-based gait assessment method for children with cerebral palsy. Sensors, 17(5), 1002. doi:10.3390/s17051002
  • Cho, Y.-S., Jang, S.-H., Cho, J.-S., Kim, M.-J., Lee, H. D., Lee, S. Y., & Moon, S.-B. (2018). Evaluation of validity and reliability of inertial measurement unit-based gait analysis systems. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 42(6), 872–883. doi:10.5535/arm.2018.42.6.872
  • Cimolin, V., Capodaglio, P., Cau, N., Galli, M., Santovito, C., Patrizi, A., … Sartorio, A. (2017). Computation of spatio-temporal parameters in level walking using a single inertial system in lean and obese adolescents. Biomedical Engineering/Biomedizinische Technik, 62(5). https://doi.org/10.1515/bmt-2015-0180
  • Cimolin, V., Cau, N., Sartorio, A., Capodaglio, P., Galli, M., Tringali, G., … Pau, M. (2019). Symmetry of gait in underweight, normal and overweight children and adolescents. Sensors, 19(9), 2054. doi:10.3390/s19092054
  • Dini, P., & David, A. (2009). Repetibilidade dos parâmetros espaço-temporais da marcha: Comparação entre crianças normais e com paralisia cerebral do tipo hemiplegia espástica. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 13(3), 215–222. doi:10.1590/S1413-35552009005000031
  • Dominici, N., Ivanenko, Y. P., Cappellini, G., d’Avella, A., Mondì, V., Cicchese, M., … Lacquaniti, F. (2011). Locomotor primitives in newborn babies and their development. Science, 334(6058), 997–999. doi:10.1126/science.1210617
  • Froehle, A. W., Nahhas, R. W., Sherwood, R. J., & Duren, D. L. (2013). Age-related changes in spatiotemporal characteristics of gait accompany ongoing lower limb linear growth in late childhood and early adolescence. Gait & Posture, 38(1), 14–19. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.10.005
  • Gouelle, A., & Mégrot, F. (2016). Interpreting spatiotemporal parameters, symmetry, and variability in clinical gait analysis. In Müller B. et al. (Eds.), Handbook of human motion. Cham: Springer.
  • Gouelle, A., Leroux, J., Bredin, J., & Mégrot, F. (2016). Changes in gait variability from first steps to adulthood: Normative data for the gait variability index. Journal of Motor Behavior, 48(3), 249–255. doi:10.1080/00222895.2015.1084986
  • Grieve, D. W., & Gear, R. J. (1966). The relationships between length of stride, step frequency, time of swing and speed of walking for children and adults. Ergonomics, 9(5), 379–399. doi:10.1080/00140136608964399
  • Hagmann-von Arx, P., Manicolo, O., Lemola, S., & Grob, A. (2016). Walking in school-aged children in a dual-task paradigm is related to age but not to cognition, motor behavior, injuries, or psychosocial functioning. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1–13. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00352
  • Hallemans, A., Verbecque, E., Dumas, R., Cheze, L., Van Hamme, A., & Robert, T. (2018). Developmental changes in spatial margin of stability in typically developing children relate to the mechanics of gait. Gait & Posture, 63, 33–38. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.04.019
  • Hausdorff, J. M., Zemany, L., Peng, C.-K., & Goldberger, A. L. (1999). Maturation of gait dynamics: Stride-to-stride variability and its temporal organization in children. Journal of Applied Physiology, 86(3), 1040–1047. doi:10.1152/jappl.1999.86.3.1040
  • Hausdorff, J. M. (2005). Gait variability: Methods, modeling and meaning. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 2, 19. doi:10.1186/1743-0003-2-19
  • Hillman, S. J., Stansfield, B. W., Richardson, A. M., & Robb, J. E. (2009). Development of temporal and distance parameters of gait in normal children. Gait & Posture, 29(1), 81–85. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2008.06.012
  • Hof, A. L. (2008). The ‘extrapolated center of mass’ concept suggests a simple control of balance in walking. Human Movement Science, 27(1), 112–125. doi:10.1016/j.humov.2007.08.003
  • Iosa, M., Fusco, A., Morone, G., & Paolucci, S. (2014). Development and decline of upright gait stability. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 6, 14. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2014.00014
  • Iosa, M., Paradisi, F., Brunelli, S., Delussu, A. S., Pellegrini, R., Zenardi, D., … Traballesi, M. (2014). Assessment of gait stability, harmony, and symmetry in subjects with lower-limb amputation evaluated by trunk accelerations. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 51(4), 623–634. doi:10.1682/JRRD.2013.07.0162
  • Kraan, C. M., Tan, A. H. J., & Cornish, K. M. (2017). The developmental dynamics of gait maturation with a focus on spatiotemporal measures. Gait & Posture, 51, 208–217. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.10.021
  • Lowry, K. A., Smiley-Oyen, A. L., Carrel, A. J., & Kerr, J. P. (2009). Walking stability using harmonic ratios in Parkinson’s disease. Movement Disorders, 24(2), 261–267. doi:10.1002/mds.22352
  • Lowry, K. A., Lokenvitz, N., & Smiley-Oyen, A. L. (2012). Age- and speed-related differences in harmonic ratios during walking. Gait & Posture, 35(2), 272–276. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.09.019
  • Manicolo, O., Grob, A., & Hagmann-von Arx, P. (2017). Gait in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in a dual-task paradigm. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 34. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00034
  • Menz, H. B., Lord, S. R., & Fitzpatrick, R. C. (2003). Acceleration patterns of the head and pelvis when walking on level and irregular surfaces. Gait & Posture, 18(1), 35–46. doi:10.1016/S0966-6362(02)00159-5
  • Menz, H. B., Lord, S. R., St George, R., & Fitzpatrick, R. C. (2004). Walking stability and sensorimotor function in older people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85(2), 245–252. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2003.06.015
  • Menkveld, S. R., Knipstein, E. A., & Quinn, J. R. (1988). Analysis of gait patterns in normal school-aged children. Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics, 8(3), 263–267. doi:10.1097/01241398-198805000-00002
  • Moreno-Hernández, A., Rodríguez-Reyes, G., Quiñones-Urióstegui, I., Núñez-Carrera, L., & Pérez-SanPablo, A. I. (2010). Temporal and spatial gait parameters analysis in non-pathological Mexican children. Gait & Posture, 32(1), 78–81. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.03.010
  • Müller, J., Müller, S., Baur, H., & Mayer, F. (2013). Intra-individual gait speed variability in healthy children aged 1–15 years. Gait & Posture, 38(4), 631–636. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.02.011
  • Pasciuto, I., Bergamini, E., Iosa, M., Vannozzi, G., & Cappozzo, A. (2017). Overcoming the limitations of the Harmonic Ratio for the reliable assessment of gait symmetry. Journal of Biomechanics, 53, 84–89. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.01.005
  • Pau, M., Mandaresu, S., Leban, B., & Nussbaum, M. A. (2015). Short-term effects of backpack carriage on plantar pressure and gait in schoolchildren. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 25(2), 406–412. doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.11.006
  • Pau, M., Mandaresu, S., Pilloni, G., Porta, M., Coghe, G., Marrosu, M. G., & Cocco, E. (2017). Smoothness of gait detects early alterations of walking in persons with multiple sclerosis without disability. Gait & Posture, 58, 307–309. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.08.023
  • Pau, M., Leban, B., Pilloni, G., Porta, M., Cubeddu, F., Secci, C., … Monticone, M. (2018). Trunk rotation alters postural sway but not gait in female children and early adolescents: Results from a school-based screening for scoliosis. Gait & Posture, 61, 301–305. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.01.031
  • Perry, J., & Burnfield, J. M. (2010). Gait analysis: Normal and pathological function (2nd ed.). Thorofare, NJ: Slack Incorporated.
  • Potter, J. M., Evans, A. L., & Duncan, G. (1995). Gait speed and activities of daily living function in geriatric patients. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 76(11), 997–999. doi:10.1016/S0003-9993(95)81036-6
  • Rose-Jacobs, R. (1983). Development of gait at slow, free, and fast speeds in 3- and 5-year-old children. Physical Therapy, 63(8), 1251–1259. doi:10.1093/ptj/63.8.1251
  • Stansfield, B. W., Hillman, S. J., Hazlewood, M. E., & Robb, J. E. (2006). Regression analysis of gait parameters with speed in normal children walking at self-selected speeds. Gait & Posture, 23(3), 288–294. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2005.03.005
  • Studenski, S. (2011). Gait speed and survival in older adults. JAMA, 305(1), 50. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1923
  • Sutherland, D. H., Olshen, R., Cooper, L., & Woo, S. L. (1980). The development of mature gait. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 62(3), 336–353.
  • Sylos Labini, F., Meli, A., Ivanenko, Y. P., & Tufarelli, D. (2012). Recurrence quantification analysis of gait in normal and hypovestibular subjects. Gait & Posture, 35(1), 48–55. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.08.004
  • Tamburini, P., Storm, F., Buckley, C., Bisi, M. C., Stagni, R., & Mazzà, C. (2018). Moving from laboratory to real life conditions: Influence on the assessment of variability and stability of gait. Gait & Posture, 59, 248–252. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.10.024
  • Thevenon, A., Gabrielli, F., Lepvrier, J., Faupin, A., Allart, E., Tiffreau, V., & Wieczorek, V. (2015). Collection of normative data for spatial and temporal gait parameters in a sample of French children aged between 6 and 12. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 58(3), 139–144. doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2015.04.001
  • Wilmut, K., Du, W., & Barnett, A. L. (2016). Gait patterns in children with developmental coordination disorder. Experimental Brain Research, 234(6), 1747–1755. doi:10.1007/s00221-016-4592-x

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.