Mode of use of sexually dimorphic glands in a Neotropical harvestman (Arachnida: Opiliones) with paternal care

References

• Allen LE, Barry KL, Holwell GI. 2012. Mate location and antennal morphology in the praying mantid Hierodula majuscula. Aust J Entomol. 51:133–140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersson M. 1994. Sexual Selection. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Atkeson TD, Marchinton RL. 1982. Forehead glands in White-Tailed Deer. J Mammal. 63:613–617.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barja I, Miguel FJ, Bárcena F. 2004. The importance of crossroads in faecal marking behaviour of the wolves (Canis lupus). Naturwissenschaften. 91:489–492.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhadra A, Iyer PL, Sumana A, Deshpande SA, Ghosh S, Gadagkar R. 2007. How do workers of the primitively eusocial wasp Ropalidia marginata detect the presence of their queens? J Theoretic Biol. 246:574–582.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brum PED, Costa-Schmidt LE, Araujo AM. 2012. It is a matter of taste: chemical signals mediate nuptial gift acceptance in a neotropical spider. Behav Ecol. 23:442–447.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cangussu SD, Vieira FG, Rossoni RB. 2002. Sexual dimorphism and seasonal variation in submandibular gland histology of Bolomys lasiurus (Rodentia, Muridae). J Morphol. 254:320–327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carazo P, Font E, Desfilis E. 2011. The role of scent marks in female choice of territories and refuges in a lizard (Podarcis hispanica). J Comp Psychol. 125:362–365.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chelini M-C, Willemart RH, Hebets EA. 2009. Costs and benefits of freezing behaviour in the harvestman Eumesosoma roeweri (Arachnida, Opiliones). Behav Proc. 82:153–159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa TM, Willemart RH. 2013. First experimental evidence that a harvestman (Arachnida: opiliones) detects odors of non-rotten dead prey by olfaction. Zoologia (Curitiba). 30:359–361.
   Google Scholar
• Del-Claro K, Oliveira PS. 1996. Honeydew flicking by treehoppers provides cues to potential tending ants. Anim Behav. 51:1071–1075.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donaldson ZR, Grether GF. 2007. Tradition without social learning: scent-mark-basedcommunal roost formation in a Neotropical harvestman (Prionostemma sp.). Behav Ecol Sociobiol. 61:801–809.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erlinge S, Sandell M, Brinck C. 1982. Scent-marking and its territorial significance in stoats, Mustela erminea. Anim Behav. 30:811–818.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandes NS, Willemart RH 2014. Neotropical harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones) use sexually dimorphic glands to spread chemicals in the environment. Compt Rend Biol. 337:269–275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gainett G, Sharma PP, Pinto-da-Rocha R, Giribet G, Willemart RH. 2014. Walk it off: predictive power of appendicular characters toward inference of higher-level relationships in Laniatores (Arachnida: opiliones). Cladistics. 30:120–138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaskett AC. 2007. Spider sex pheromones: emission, reception, structures, and functions. Biol Rev. 82:27–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gnaspini P, Hara MR. 2007. Defense Mechanisms. In: Pinto-da-Rocha R, Machado G, Giribet G, editors. Harvestmen: the Biology of Opiliones. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; p. 374–399.
   Google Scholar
• Gosling LM, Roberts SC. 2001. Scent-marking by male mammals: cheat-proof signals to competitors and mates. Adv Stud Behav. 30:169–217.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hara MR, Gnaspini P, Machado G. 2003. Male egg guarding behavior in the neotropical harvestman Ampheres leucopheus (Mello-Leitão 1922) (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae). J Arachnol. 31:441–444.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoh JH, When-L L, Nadakavukaren MJ. 1984. Sexual dimorphism in the Harderian gland proteins of the golden hamster. Comp Bioch Physiol. 77:729–773.
   Google Scholar
• Hutchings MR, White PCL. 2000. Mustelid scent-marking in managed ecosystems: implications for population management. Mamm Rev. 30:157–169.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibáñez A, López P, Martín J. 2012. Discrimination of conspecifics’ chemicals may allow Spanish terrapins to find better partners and avoid competitors. Anim Behav. 83:1107–1113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaffe K, Mirás B, Cabrera A. 2007. Mate selection in the moth Neoleucinodes elegantalis: evidence for a supernormal chemical stimulus in sexual attraction. Anim Behav. 73:727–734.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarau S, Hrncir M, Zucchi R, Barth FG. 2004. A stingless bee uses labial gland secretions for scent trail communication (Trigona recursa Smith 1863). J Comp Physiol. 190:233–239.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juberthie-Jupeau L, Lopez A. 1991. Sexual dimorphism of gnathocoxal glands of the spider Leptyphantes sanctivincentii. Tiss and Cell. 23:423–426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khannoon ER, El-Gendy A, Hardege JD. 2011. Scent marking pheromones in lizards: cholesterol and long chain alcohols elicit avoidance and aggression in male Acanthodactylus boskianus (Squamata: lacertidae). Chemoecol. 21:143–149.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kruuk H, Gorman M, Leitch A. 1984. Scent-marking with the subcaudal gland by the European badger, Melesmeles L. Anim Behav. 32:899–907.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machado G, Bonato V, Oliveira P. 2002. Alarm communication: a new function for the scent-gland secretion in harvestmen (Arachnida: opiliones). Naturwiss. 89:357–360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machado G, Requena GS, Buzatto BA, Osses F, Rosseto LM. 2004. Five new cases of paternal care in harvestmen (Arachnida: opiliones): implications for the evolution of male guarding in the Neotropical family Gonyleptidae. Sociobiol. 44:1–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martín J, López P. 2011. Pheromones and reproduction in Reptiles. In: Norris DO, Lopez KH, editors. Hormones and reproduction of vertebrates. Vol. 3. Reptiles. San Diego, California: Academic Press; p. 141–167.
   Google Scholar
• Martín J, Moreira PL, López P. 2007. Status-signalling chemical badges in male Iberian rock lizards. Funct Ecol. 21:568–576.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin P, Bateson P. 2011. Measuring behaviour, an introductory guide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mello-Leitão CF. 1935. Alguns novos opiliões do Estado de S. Paulo e do Districto Federal. Archos Mus Nac. 36:9–37.
   Google Scholar
• Melville JM, Tallarovic SK, Brownell PH. 2003. Evidence of Mate Trailing in the Giant Hairy Desert Scorpion, Hadrurus arizonensis (Scorpionida, Iuridae). J Ins Behav. 16:97–115.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mertl-Millhollen AS. 2007. Lateral bias to the leading limb in an olfactory social signal by male ring-tailed lemurs. Am J Primatol. 69:635–640.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller AL, Formanowicz DR. 2011. Friend or foe: behavioral responses to conspecifics in the northern scorpion, Paruroctonus boreus (Scorpionida: vaejovidae). J Ethol. 29:251–256.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mora G. 1990. Paternal care in a neotropical harvestman, Zygopachylus albomarginis (Arachnida, Opiliones: gonyleptidae). Anim Behav. 39:582–593.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsson P-O, Ryne C, Wallén R, Anderbran O, Löfstedt C. 2006. Male-produced sex pheromone in Tribolium confusum: behaviour and investigation of pheromone production locations. J Stor Prod Res. 42:173–182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearl CA, Cervantes M, Chan M, Ho U, Shoji R, Thomas EO. 2000. Evidence for a mate-attracting chemo signal in the Dwarf African Clawed frog Hymenochirus. Horm Behav. 38:67–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereira RLA, Oliveira MAB. 2010. Etograma de Eira barbara (Carnivora: mustelidae) em cativeiro. Rev Etol. 9:45–57.
   Google Scholar
• Peters RP, Mech LD. 1975. Scent-marking in wolves. Am Scient. 63:628–637.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Proud DN, Víquez C, Townsend Jr VR. 2011. Paternal care in a Neotropical harvestman (Opiliones: cosmetidae) from Costa Rica. J Arachnol. 39:497–499.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ralls K. 1971. Mammalian Scent Marking. Science. 171:443–449.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rentala MJ, Jokinen I, Kortet R, Vainikka A, Suhonen J. 2002. Do pheromones reveal male immunocompetence? Proc Roy Soc London. 269:1681–1685.
   Google Scholar
• Requena GS, Buzatto BA, Martins EG, Machado G. 2012. Paternal care decreases foraging activity and body condition, but does not impose survival costs to caring males in a Neotropical arachnid. Plos One. 7:e46701.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Requena GS, Buzatto BA, Munguía-Steyer R, Machado G. 2009. Efficiency of uniparental male and female care against egg predators in two closely related syntopic harvestmen. Anim Behav. 78:1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Requena GS, Machado G. 2014. Mating behavior of a Neotropical arachnid with exclusive paternal care. Acta Ethol. 17:23–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roux O, Billen J, Orivel J, Dejean A. 2010. An overlooked mandibular-rubbing behavior used during recruitment by the African weaver ant Oecophylla longinoda. Plos One. 5:1–6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santos GC, Hogan JA, Willemart RH. 2013. Associative learning in a harvestman (Arachnida, Opiliones). Behav Proc. 100:64–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steiner S, Ruther J. 2009. Mechanism and behavioral context of male sex pheromone release in Nasonia vitripennis. J Chem Ecol. 35:416–421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suter RB, Renkes G. 1982. Linyphid spider courtship: releaser and attractant functions of a contact sex pheromone. Anim Behav. 30:714–718.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tallamy DW. 2001. Evolution of exclusive paternal care in arthropods. Ann Rev Entomol. 46:139–165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teng B, Dao S, Donaldson ZR, Grether GF. 2012. New communal roosting tradition established through experimental translocation in a Neotropical harvestman. Anim Behav. 84:1183–1190.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teodecki EE, Brodie Jr ED, Formanowicz Jr DR, Nussbaum RA. 1998. Head dimorphism and burrowing speed in the African caecilian Schistometopum thomense (Amphibia: gymnophiona). Herpetologica. 54:154–160.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wabnitz PA, Bowie JH, Tyler MJ, Wallace JC, Smith BP. 1999. Aquatic sex pheromone from a male tree frog. Nature. 401:444–445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wedell N. 2005. Female receptivity in butterflies and moths. J Exp Biol. 208:3433–3440.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willemart RH, Chelini M-C. 2007. Experimental demonstration of close-range olfaction and contact chemoreception in the Brazilian harvestman Iporangaia pustulosa. Entomol Exp App. 123:73–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willemart RH, Chelini MC, Andrade R, Gnaspini P. 2007. An ethological approach to a SEM survey on sensory structures and tegumental gland openings of two neotropical harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae). Ital J Zool. 74:39–54.
   Google Scholar
• Willemart RH, Farine J-P, Gnaspini P. 2009. Sensory biology of Phalangida harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones): a review, with new morphological data on 18 species. Acta Zool. 90:209–227.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willemart RH, Hebets EA. 2012. Sexual differences in the behavior of the harvestman Leiobunum vittatum (Opiliones, Sclerosomatidae) towards conspecific cues. J Ins Behav. 25:12–23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willemart RH, Pérez-González A, Farine JP, Gnaspini P. 2010. Sexually dimorphic tegumental gland openings in Laniatores (Arachnida, Opiliones), with new data on 23 species. J Morph. 271:641–653.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyatt TD. 2003. Pheromones and animal behavior, communication by smell and taste. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar