16,469
Views
227
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLES

Psychometric Properties of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire: Factor Structure, Reliability, Construct, and Incremental Validity in a French-Speaking Population

, , &
Pages 338-353 | Received 05 Dec 2006, Published online: 05 Dec 2007

REFERENCES

  • Austin , E. J. 2004 . An investigation of the relationship between trait emotional intelligence and emotional task performance . Personality and Individual Differences , 36 : 1855 – 1864 .
  • Austin , E. J. 2005 . Emotional intelligence and emotional information processing . Personality and Individual Differences , 39 : 403 – 414 .
  • Bagby , R. M. , Parker , J. D. A. and Taylor , G. J. 1994 . The 20-Item Toronto-Alexithymia-Scale: 1. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure . Journal of Psychosomatic Research , 38 : 23 – 32 .
  • Bar-On , R. 1997 . EQ–I Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory: Technical manual , Toronto, Ontario, , Canada : Multi-Health Systems .
  • Bar-On , R. , Brown , J. M. , Kirkcaldy , B. D. and Thome , E. P. 2000 . Emotional expression and implications for occupational stress: An application of the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ–I) . Personality and Individual Differences , 28 : 1107 – 1118 .
  • Beck , A. T. , Ward , C. H. , Mendelson , M. , Mock , J. and Erbaugh , J. 1961 . An inventory for measuring depression . Archives of General Psychiatry , 4 : 561 – 571 .
  • Blais , M. R. and Lachance , L. 1992 . Validation de la version française de la mesure de désirabilité sociale de Marlowe–Crowne [French validation of the Marlowe–Crowne social desirability measure] , Montreal, Quebec, , Canada : University of Quebec . Unpublished manuscript
  • Brody , L. R. 2000 . “ The socialization of gender differences in emotional expresssion: Display rules, infant temperament, and differentiation ” . In Gender and emotion: Social psychological perspectives , Edited by: Fischer , A. H. 24 – 47 . New York : Cambridge University Press .
  • Bruchon-Schweitzer , M. and Paulahan , I. 1990 . Manuel de l'inventaire d'Anxiété trait-état (forme Y) [Manual of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory] , Bordeaux, , France : Health Psychology Laboratory, University of Bordeaux II .
  • Chaiken , S. 1980 . Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 39 : 752 – 766 .
  • Chan , D. W. 2003 . Dimensions of emotional intelligence and their relationships with social coping among gifted adolescents in Hong Kong . Journal of Youth and Adolescence , 32 : 409 – 418 .
  • Ciarrochi , J. , Chan , A. Y. C. and Bajgar , J. 2001 . Measuring emotional intelligence in adolescents . Personality and Individual Differences , 31 : 1105 – 1119 .
  • Cohen , J. , Cohen , P. , West , S. G. and Aiken , L. S. 2003 . Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences , Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
  • Collet , L. and Cottraux , J. 1986 . Inventaire abrégé de la dépression de Beck (13 items). Etude de la validité concurrente avec les échelles de Hamilton et de ralentissement de Wildlöcher [Abbreviated Beck Depression Inventory (13 items). A study of the concurrent validity with Hamilton depression scale and the Wildlöcher slowdown scale] . L'Encéphale , 12 : 77 – 79 .
  • Costa , P. T. and McCrae , R. R. 1992 . Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO–PI–R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO–FFI) professional manual , Odessa, FL : Psychological Assessment Resources .
  • Coumans , N. 2005 . L'influence de l'intelligence émotionnelle sur les processus mnésiques impliqués dans la régulation émotionnelle: Analyse du décours temporel [Influence of emotional intelligence on the memory processes involved in emotional regulation: A temporal analysis] , Louvain-la-Neuve, , Belgium : Université catholique de Louvain . Unpublished master thesis
  • Cronbach , L. J. 1949 . Essentials of psychology testing , New York : Harper & Row .
  • Cropanzano , R. , Weiss , H. M. , Hale , J. M. S. and Reb , J. 2003 . The structure of affect: reconsidering the relationship between negative and positive affectivity . Journal of Management , 29 : 831 – 857 .
  • Crowne , D. P. and Marlowe , D. 1960 . A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology . Journal of Consulting Psychology , 24 : 349 – 354 .
  • Engelberg , E. and Sjöberg , L. 2004 . Emotional intelligence, affect intensity, and social adjustment . Personality and Individual Differences , 37 : 533 – 542 .
  • Feingold , A. 1994 . Gender differences in personality: A meta-analysis . Psychological Bulletin , 116 : 429 – 456 .
  • Frijda , N. H. 1986 . The emotions , Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press .
  • Frijda , N. H. , Kuipers , P. and ter Schure , L. 1989 . Relations among emotion, appraisal and emotional action readiness . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 57 : 212 – 228 .
  • Funder , D. C. 2001 . The personality puzzle, , 2nd ed. , New York : Norton .
  • Gaudreau , P. Vers une version française du PANAS : analyses en composantes principales avant, pendant et après une compétition sportive [Toward a French version of the PANAS: Principal component analysis before, during and after a sportive competition] . The International Conference of the French Society for Sport Psychology . Paris, France. July .
  • Hambleton , R. K. 2001 . The next generation of the ITC Test translation and adaptation guidelines . European Journal of Psychological Assessment , 17 : 164 – 172 .
  • Hayton , J. C. , Allen , D. G. and Scarpello , V. 2004 . Factor retention decisions in exploratory factor analysis: A tutorial on Parallel Analysis . Organizational Research Methods , 7 : 191 – 205 .
  • Hemmati , T. , Mills , J. F. and Kroner , D. G. 2004 . The validity of the Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Quotient in an offender population . Personality and Individual Differences , 37 : 695 – 706 .
  • Hunsley , J. and Meyer , G. J. 2003 . The incremental validity of psychological testing and assessment: Conceptual, methodological, and statistical issues . Psychological Assessment , 15 : 445 – 455 .
  • Isen , A. M. , Shalker , T. E. , Clark , M. and Karp , L. 1978 . Affect, accessibility of material in memory, and behavior: A cognitive loop? . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 36 : 1 – 12 .
  • Jensen , A. R. 1998 . The g factor: The science of mental ability , Westport, CT : Praeger .
  • Judd , C. M. and McClelland , G. H. 1989 . Data analysis: A model comparison approach , San Diego, CA : Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich .
  • Kray , L. J. and Thompson , L. 2005 . “ Gender stereotypes and negotiation performance: A review of theory and research ” . In Research in organizational behavior series , Edited by: Staw , B. and Kramer , R. 103 – 182 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
  • Krohne , H. W. , Pieper , M. , Knoll , N. and Breimer , N. 2002 . The cognitive regulation of emotions: The role of success versus failure experience and coping dispositions . Cognition & Emotion , 16 : 217 – 243 .
  • Larsen , R. J. , Diener , E. and Emmons , R. A. 1986 . Affect intensity and reactions to daily life events . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 51 : 803 – 814 .
  • Loas , G. , Otmani , O. , Verrier , A. , Fremaux , D. and Marchand , M. P. 1996 . Factor analysis of the French version of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS–20) . Psychopathology , 29 : 139 – 144 .
  • MacCallum , R. C. , Widaman , K. F. , Zhang , S. and Hong , S. 1999 . Sample size in factor analysis . Psychological Methods , 4 : 84 – 99 .
  • Mikolajczak , M. , Luminet , O. and Menil , C. 2006 . Predicting resistance to stress: Incremental validity of trait emotional intelligence over alexithymia and optimism . Psicothema , 18 : 79 – 88 .
  • Mikolajczak , M. , Menil , C. and Luminet , O. Explaining the protective effect of trait emotional intelligence regarding occupational stress: Exploration of challenge/threat appraisals and emotional labor processes . Journal of Research in Personality , (in press)
  • Mikolajczak , M. , Petrides , K. V. , Luminet , O. and Coumans , N. 2006b . An experimental investigation of the moderating effect of trait emotional intelligence on laboratory-induced stress Manuscript submitted for publication
  • Mikolajczak , M. , Luminet , O. , Roy , E. and Verstrynge , V. 2006a . An exploratory study of the cognitive processes that underlie the trait emotional intelligence construct: Investigation of memory and attention in the context of emotional regulation Manuscript submitted for publication
  • Mikolajczak , M. , Roy , E. , Luminet , O. , Fillée , D. and de Timary , P. Impact of trait emotional intelligence on subjective and neuro-endocrine responses to a laboratory stressor . Psychoneuroendocrinology , (in press)
  • Parker , J. D. A. , Taylor , G. J. and Bagby , R. M. 2003 . The 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale III. Reliability and factorial structure in a community population . Journal of Psychosomatic Research , 55 : 269 – 275 .
  • Pease , A. and Pease , B. 2001 . Why men don't listen and women can't read maps , London : Orion Books .
  • Petrides , K. V. 2001 . A psychometric investigation into the construct of emotional intelligence , London, , England : University College London . Unpublished doctoral dissertation
  • Petrides , K. V. Empirical findings from the Trait Emotional Intelligence Program . The First European CERE Conference on Emotions . Amsterdam, The Netherlands. May .
  • Petrides , K. V. , Frederickson , N. and Furnham , A. 2004 . The role of trait emotional intelligence in academic performance and deviant behavior at school . Personality and Individual Differences , 36 : 277 – 293 .
  • Petrides , K. V. and Furnham , A. 2000 . Gender differences in measured and self-estimated trait emotional intelligence . Sex Roles , 42 ( 5–6 ) : 449 – 461 .
  • Petrides , K. V. and Furnham , A. 2001 . Trait emotional intelligence: Psychometric investigation with reference to established trait taxonomies . European Journal of Personality , 15 : 425 – 448 .
  • Petrides , K. V. and Furnham , A. 2003 . Trait emotional intelligence: Behavioural validation in two studies of emotion recognition and reactivity to mood induction . European Journal of Personality , 17 : 39 – 57 .
  • Petrides , K. V. , Niven , L. and Mouskounti , T. 2006 . The trait emotional intelligence of ballet dancers and musicians . Psicothema , 18 : 101 – 107 .
  • Petrides , K. V. , Pita , R. and Kokkinaki , F. 2007 . The location of trait emotional intelligence in personality factor space . British Journal of Psychology , 98 : 273 – 289 .
  • Rascle , N. , Aguerre , C. , Bruchon-Schweitzer , M. , Nuissier , J. , Cousson , F. Gilliard , J. 1997 . Soutien social et santé: Adaptation française du questionnaire de soutien social de Sarason, le S.S.Q. [Social support and health: French adaptation of the Sarason Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ)] . Les Cahiers Internationaux de Psychologie Sociale , 33 : 35 – 51 .
  • Raven , J. C. 1976 . Advanced Progressive Matrices Set II , Oxford, , England : Oxford Psychologist Press .
  • Régner , I. 2002 . A French translation of the LOT–R http://www.univ-tlse2.fr/cerpp/annuaire/vautier/ Retrieved February 15, 2003, from
  • Rolland , J.-P. and Mogenet , J.-L. 2001 . Manuel du système D5D [Manual of the D5D system]. , 2nd ed. , Paris : ECPA .
  • Salovey , P. and Mayer , J. D. 1990 . Emotional intelligence . Imagination, Cognition and Personality , 9 : 185 – 201 .
  • Salovey , P. , Stroud , L. R. , Woolery , A. and Epel , E. S. 2002 . Perceived emotional intelligence, stress reactivity, and symptom reports: Further explorations using the trait meta-mood scale . Psychology & Health , 17 : 611 – 627 .
  • Sarason , I. G. , Levine , H. M. , Basham , R. B. and Sarason , B. R. 1983 . Assessing social support: The Social Support Questionnaire . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 44 : 127 – 139 .
  • Scheier , M. F. and Carver , C. S. 1985 . Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies . Health Psychology , 4 : 219 – 247 .
  • Schultz , J. H. 1965 . Le training autogène [The autogenic training] , 3rd ed. , Paris : Presses Universitaires de France .
  • Schutte , N. S. , Malouff , J. M. , Hall , L. E. , Haggerty , D. J. , Cooper , J. T. Golden , C. J. 1998 . Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence . Personality and Individual Differences , 25 : 167 – 177 .
  • Schutte , N. S. , Malouff , J. M. , Simunek , M. , McKenley , J. and Hollander , S. 2002 . Characteristic emotional intelligence and emotional well-being . Cognition & Emotion , 16 : 769 – 785 .
  • Slaski , M. 2001 . An investigation into emotional intelligence, managerial stress and performance in a UK supermaket chain , Manchester, , England : Manchester School of Management . Unpublished doctoral dissertation
  • Slaski , M. and Cartwright , S. 2002 . Health, performance and emotional intelligence: An exploratory study of retail managers . Stress and Health , 18 : 63 – 68 .
  • Sonnemans , J. and Frijda , N. H. 1994 . The structure of subjective emotional intensity . Cognition and Emotion , 8 : 329 – 350 .
  • Spearman , C. 1927 . The abilities of man: Their nature and measurement , New York : Macmillan .
  • Spielberger , C. D. , Gorsuch , R. L. , Lushene , R. , Vagg , P. R. and Jacobs , G. A. 1983 . Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory , Palo Alto, CA : Consulting Psychologists Press .
  • Tett , R. P. , Fox , K. E. and Wang , A. 2005 . Development and validation of a self-report measure of emotional intelligence as a multidimensional trait domain . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 31 : 859 – 888 .
  • van der Zee , K. and Wabeke , R. 2004 . Is trait-emotional intelligence simply or more than just a trait? . European Journal of Personality , 18 : 243 – 263 .
  • van Kan , L. 2004 . Intelligence Emotionnelle et régulation de ses émotions: comment mieux gérer le stress en milieu professionnel? [Emotional intelligence and emotional regulation: how can we better manage occupational stress?] , Brussels, , Belgium : Free University of Brussels . Unpublished master's thesis
  • van Kan , L. , Mikolajczak , M. and Luminet , O. 2004 . [The impact of emotional intelligence on the recognition of facial emotional expression] Unpublished raw data
  • Van Rooy , D. L. and Viswesvaran , C. 2004 . Emotional intelligence: A meta-analytic investigation of predictive validity and nomological net . Journal of Vocational Behavior , 65 : 71 – 95 .
  • Van Rooy , D. L. , Viswesvaran , C. and Pluta , P. 2005 . An evaluation of construct validity: What is this thing called emotional intelligence? . Human Performance , 18 : 445 – 462 .
  • Veenhoven , R. 1984 . Databook of happiness , Boston : Reidel Dordrecht .
  • Wallbot , H. G. and Scherer , K. R. 1986 . Cues and chanels in emotion recognition . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 51 : 690 – 699 .
  • Watkins , M. W. 2002a . Monte Carlo PCA for Parallel Analysis [Computer software] http://www.personal.psu.edu/mww10/Watkins3.html Retrieved January 24, 2006, from
  • Watkins , M. W. 2002b . RC: Coefficient of Congruence [Computer software] http://www.personal.psu.edu/mww10/Watkins3.html Retrieved January 24, 2006, from
  • Watson , D. , Clark , L. A. and Tellegen , A. 1988 . Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect—the Panas Scales . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 54 : 1063 – 1070 .
  • Zwick , W. R. and Velicer , W. F. 1986 . Comparison of five rules for determining the number of components to retain . Psychological Bulletin , 99 : 432 – 442 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.