3,498
Views
111
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Assessing Normal and Abnormal Personality Functioning: Strengths and Weaknesses of Self-Report, Observer, and Performance-Based Methods

Pages 30-40 | Received 20 Mar 2006, Published online: 05 Dec 2007

REFERENCES

  • Achenbach , T. M. 1991 . Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist and 1991 profile , Burlington : University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry .
  • Achenbach , T. M. , McConaughy , S. H. and Howell , C. T. 1987 . Child/adolescent behavioral and emotional problems: Implications of cross-informant correlation for situational specificity . Psychological Bulletin , 101 : 213 – 232 .
  • American Psychiatric Association . 1987 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, , 3rd ed., rev. , Washington, DC : Author .
  • American Psychiatric Association . 2001 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, , 4th ed. , Washington, DC : Author .
  • American Psychiatric Association . 2001 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, , 4th ed., text revision , Washington, DC : Author .
  • Barnett , P. and Gotlib , I. 1988 . Psychosocial functioning and depression: Distinguishing antecedents, concomitants, and consequences . Psychological Bulletin , 104 : 97 – 126 .
  • Bernstein , D. P. , Kasapis , C. H. , Bergman , A. , Weld , E. , Mitropoulou , V. Horvath , T. 1997 . Assessing Axis II disorders by informant interview . Journal of Personality Disorders , 11 : 158 – 167 .
  • Blais , M. A. , Hilsenroth , M. J. , Castelbury , F. , Fowler , J. C. and Baity , M. R. 2001 . Predicting DSM-IV Cluster B Personality Disorder criteria from MMPI–2 and Rorschach data: A test on incremental validity . Journal of Personality Assessment. , 76 : 150 – 168 .
  • Bornstein , R. F. 1996 . Construct validity of the Rorschach Oral Dependency scale: 1967–1995 . Psychological Assessment. , 8 : 200 – 205 .
  • Bornstein , R. F. 1998 . Implicit and self-attributed dependency strivings: Differential relationships to laboratory and field measures of help-seeking . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 75 : 779 – 787 .
  • Bornstein , R. F. , Rossner , S. C. , Hill , E. L. and Stepanian , M. L. 1994 . Face validity and fakability of objective and projective measures of dependency . Journal of Personality Assessment , 63 : 363 – 386 .
  • Butcher , J. N. , Dahlstrom , W. G. , Graham , J. R. , Tellegen , A. and Kaemmer , B. 1989 . MMPI–2: Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2: Manual for administration and scoring. , Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press .
  • Clark , L. A. and Watson , D. 1999 . “ Temperament: A new paradigm for trait psychology ” . In Handbook of personality. Theory and research, , 2nd ed. , Edited by: Pervin , L. and John , O. 399 – 423 . New York : Guilford .
  • Costa , P. T. Jr. and Widiger , T. A. 2002 . Personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality, , 2nd ed. , Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
  • Dreesen , L. , Hildebrand , M. and Arntz , A. 1998 . Patient-informant concordance on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–III–R personality disorders (SCID–II) . Journal of Personality Disorders , 12 : 149 – 161 .
  • Exner , J. E. Jr. 2003 . The Rorschach: A comprehensive system: Vol. 1: Basic foundations, , 4th ed. , New York : Wiley .
  • Ferro , T. and Klein , D. N. 1997 . Family history assessment of personality disorders: I. Concordance with direct interview and between pairs of informants . Journal of Personality Disorders , 11 : 123 – 136 .
  • First , M. B. , Spitzer , R. L. , Gibbon , M. and Williams , J. B. W. 1995 . The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–III–R Personality Disorders (SCID–II) . Journal of Personality Disorders , 9 : 83 – 91 .
  • First , M. B. , Spitzer , R. L. , Gibbon , M. , Williams , J. B. W. , Davies , M. Borus , J. 1995 . The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–III–R Personality Disorders (SCID–II). Part II: Multi-site test–retest reliability study . Journal of Personality Disorders , 9 : 92 – 104 .
  • Fitzgerald , H. E. , Zucker , R. A. , Maguin , E. T. and Reider , E. E. 1994 . Time spent with child and parental agreement about preschool children's behavior . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 79 : 336 – 338 .
  • Fowler , J. C. , Piers , C. , Hilsenroth , M. J. , Holdwick , D. J. and Padawer , J. R. 2001 . The Rorschach Suicide Constellation: Assessing various degrees of lethality . Journal of Personality Assessment , 76 : 333 – 351 .
  • Gabbard , G. O. 2000 . “ Combining medication with psychotherapy in the treatment of personality disorders ” . In Psychotherapy for Personality Disorders , Edited by: Gunderson , J. G. and Gabbard , G. O. 65 – 90 . Washington, DC : American Psychiatric Press .
  • Ganellen , R. J. 1996 . Integrating the Rorschach and the MMPI–2 in Personality Assessment , Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. .
  • Ganellen , R. J. 2004 . “ Rorschach contributions to assessment of suicide risk ” . In Assessment, treatment, and prevention of suicide , Edited by: Yufit , R. and Lester , D. 93 – 120 . New York : Wiley .
  • Ganellen , R. J. 2006 . “ Rorschach assessment of normal and abnormal personality ” . In Differentiating normal and abnormal personality , Edited by: Strack , S. 473 – 500 . Springer-Verlag .
  • Hathaway , S. R. and McKinley , J. C. 1943 . The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. , Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press .
  • Hiller , J. B. , Rosenthal , R. , Bornstein , R. F. , Berry , D. T. R. and Brunell-Neuleib , S. 1999 . A comparative meta-analysis of Rorschach and MMPI validity . Psychological Assessment , 11 : 278 – 296 .
  • Hirschfeld , R. M. A. , Klerman , G. L. , Gough , H. G. , Barrett , J. , Korchin , S. J. and Chodoff , P. 1977 . A measure of interpersonal dependency . Journal of Personality Assessment , 41 : 610 – 618 .
  • Hunsley , J. and Bailey , J. M. 2001 . Whither the Rorschach? An analysis of the evidence . Psychological Assessment , 13 : 472 – 485 .
  • Huprich , S. 2006 . Rorschach assessment of personality disorders , Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
  • Huprich , S. and Ganellen , R. J. 2006 . “ Clinical utility of the Rorschach Inkblot Method in the assessment of personality disorders ” . In Rorschach assessment of personality disorders , Edited by: Huprich , S. 27 – 53 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
  • Klein , D. N. 2003 . Patients' versus informants' reports of personality disorders in predicting 7 1/2 year outcome in outpatients with depressive disorder . Psychological Assessment , 15 : 216 – 222 .
  • Klonsky , E. D. , Oltmanns , T. F. and Turkheimer , E. 2002 . Informant-reports of personality disorder: Relation to self-reports and future research directions . Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice , 9 : 300 – 311 .
  • Loranger , A. W. 1988 . Personaliity Disorder Examination (PDE) manual , Yonkers, NY : DV Communications .
  • Masling , J. M. , Rabie , L. and Blondheim , S. H. 1967 . Obesity, level of aspiration, and Rorschach and TAT measures of oral dependency . Journal of Consulting Psychology , 31 : 233 – 239 .
  • McClelland , D. C. , Koestner , R. and Weinberger , J. 1989 . How do self-attributed and implicit motives differ? . Psychological Review , 96 : 690 – 702 .
  • Meyer , G. J. and Archer , R. P. 2001 . The hard science of Rorschach research: What do we know and where do we go? . Psychological Assessment , 13 : 486 – 502 .
  • Meyer , G. J. , Finn , S. E. , Eyde , L. D. , Kay , G. G. , Moreland , K. L. Dies , R. R. 2001 . Psychological testing and psychological assessment: A review of evidence and issues . American Psychologist. , 56 : 128 – 165 .
  • Miller , J. D. , Pilkonis , P. A. and Clifton , A. 2005 . Self- and other-reports of traits from the Five-factor model: Relations to personality disorder . Journal of Personality Disorders , 19 : 400 – 419 .
  • Millon , T. 1994 . Manual for the MCMI–III. , Minneapolis, MN : National Computer Systems .
  • Murray , H. A. 1943 . Thematic Apperception Test. , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
  • Oldham , J. M. 2006 . Integrated treatment for borderline personality disorder . Psychiatric Annals , 36 : 361 – 369 .
  • Oldham , J. M. , Gabbard , G. O. , Goin , M. K. , Gunderson , J. , Soloff , P. Spiegel , D. 2002 . “ Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorder ” . In American Psychiatric Association practice guidelines for the treatment of psychiatric disorders: Compendium 2002 , 767 – 855 . Washington, DC : American Psychiatric Association .
  • Ready , R. E. and Clark , L. A. 2002 . Correspondence of psychiatric patient and informant ratings of personality traits, temperament, and interpersonal problems . Psychological Assessment , 14 : 39 – 49 .
  • Ready , R. E. , Watson , D. and Clark , L. A. 2002 . Psychiatric patient- and informant-reported personality predicting concurrent and future behavior . Assessment , 9 : 361 – 372 .
  • Riso , L. P. , Klein , D. N. , Anderson , R. L. , Ouimette , P. C. and Lizardi , H. 1994 . Concordance between patients and informants on the personality disorder examination . American Journal of Psychiatry , 151 : 568 – 573 .
  • Soloff , P. H. 2000 . Psychopharmacology of borderline personality disorder . The Psychiatric Clinics of North America , 23 : 169 – 192 .
  • Spitzer , R. L. 1983 . Psychiatric diagnosis: Are clinicians still necessary? . Comprehensive Psychiatry , 24 : 399 – 411 .
  • Verheul , R. 2005 . Clinical utility for dimensional models of personality pathology . Journal of Personality Disorders , 19 : 283 – 302 .
  • Wechsler , D. 1955 . Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. , New York : Psychological Corporation .
  • Widiger , T. A. and Coker , L. A. 2001 . “ Assessing personality disorders ” . In Clinical personality assessment: Practical approaches, , 2nd ed. , Edited by: Butcher , J. N. 407 – 434 . New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Widiger , T. A. , Mangine , S. , Corbitt , E. M. , Ellis , C. G. and Thomas , G. V. 1995 . Personality Disorder Interview–IV: A semistructured interview for the assessment of personality disorders , Odessa, FL : Psychological Assessment Resources .
  • Widiger , T. A. and Simonsen , E. 2005 . Alternative dimensional models of personality disorder: Finding a common ground . Journal of Personality Disorders , 19 : 110 – 130 .
  • Widiger , T. A. , Simonsen , E. , Krueger , R. , Livesley , J. and Verheul , R. 2005 . Personality disorder research agenda for the DSM–V . Journal of Personality Disorders , 19 : 315 – 338 .
  • Zimmerman , M. Interstudy rater variance: A major problem in diagnosing personality disorders . Paper presented at the 3rd International Congress on the Disorders of Personality . Cambridge, MA. September .
  • Zimmerman , M. 1994 . Diagnosing personality disorders: A review of issues and research methods . Archives of General Psychiatry , 51 : 225 – 245 .
  • Zimmerman , M. , Pfohl , B. , Coryell , W. , Stangl , D. and Corenthal , C. 1988 . Diagnosing personality disorder in depressed patients: A comparison of patient and informant interviews . Archives of General Psychiatry , 45 : 733 – 737 .
  • Zimmerman , M. , Pfohl , B. , Stangl , D. and Corenthal , C. 1986 . Assessment of DSM-III personality disorders: The importance of interviewing an informant . Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. , 47 : 261 – 263 .
  • Zucker , M. , Morris , M. K. , Ingram , S. M. , Morris , R. D. and Bakeman , R . 2002 . Concordance of self- and informant ratings of adults' current and childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms . Psychological Assessment , 14 : 379 – 389 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.