728
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Assessing Anger Expression: Construct Validity of Three Emotion Expression-Related Measures

, , , , &
Pages 640-648 | Received 21 Jul 2015, Published online: 01 Jun 2016

References

  • Bagby, R. M., Taylor, G. J., & Parker, J. D. (1994). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale-II. Convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 33–40. doi:10.1016/0022-3999(94)90006-X
  • Banks, S. M., & Kerns, R. D. (1996). Explaining high rates of depression in chronic pain: A diathesis-stress framework. Psychological Bulletin, 119, 95. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.119.1.95
  • Barbour, K. A., Eckhardt, C. I., Davison, G. C., & Kassinove, H. (1998). The experience and expression of anger in maritally violent and maritally discordant-nonviolent men. Behavior Therapy, 29, 173–191. doi:10.1016/S0005-7894(98)80001-4
  • Barrett, L. F. (1998). Discrete emotions or dimensions? The role of valence focus and arousal focus. Cognition & Emotion, 12, 579–599. doi:10.1080/026999398379574
  • Beck, A., Steer, R., & Brown, G. (1996). BDI–II: Beck Depression Inventory. Manual. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
  • Bendig, A. W. (1956). The development of a short form of the Manifest Anxiety Scale. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 20, 384. doi:10.1037/h0045580
  • Berghuis, J. P., & Stanton, A. L. (2002). Adjustment to a dyadic stressor: A longitudinal study of coping and depressive symptoms in infertile couples over an insemination attempt. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 433–438. doi:10.1037//0022-006X.70.2.433
  • Berking, M., & Wupperman, P. (2012). Emotion regulation and mental health: Recent findings, current challenges, and future directions. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 25, 128–134. doi:10.1097/YCO.0b013e3283503669
  • Bornstein, R. F. (2015). Personality assessment in the diagnostic manuals: On mindfulness, multiple methods, and test score discontinuities. Journal of Personality Assessment, 97, 446–455. doi:10.1080/00223891.2015.1027346
  • Burns, J. W., Gerhart, J. I., Bruehl, S., Peterson, K. M., Smith, D. A., Porter, L. S., … & Keefe, F. J. (2015). Anger arousal and behavioral anger regulation in everyday life among patients with chronic low back pain: Relationships to patient pain and function. Health Psychology, 34, 547–555. doi:10.1037/hea0000091
  • Burns, J. W., Quartana, P. J., Gilliam, W., Gray, E., Matsuura, J., Nappi, C., … & Lofland, K. (2008). Effects of anger suppression on pain severity and pain behaviors among chronic pain patients: A test of an ironic process model. Health Psychology, 27, 645–652. doi:10.1037/a0013044
  • Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1995). Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development. Psychological Assessment, 7, 309. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.7.3.309
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Dagan, M., Sanderman, R., Hoff, C., Meijerink, W. J., Baas, P. C., van Haastert, M., & Hagedoorn, M. (2014). The interplay between partners' responsiveness and patients' need for emotional expression in couples coping with cancer. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 37, 828–838. doi:10.1007/s10865-013-9543-4
  • Deffenbacher, J. L., Oetting, E. R., Lynch, R. S., & Morris, C. D. (1996). The expression of anger and its consequences. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 34, 575–590. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(96)00018-6
  • DiGiuseppe, R., & Tafrate, R. C. (2003). Anger treatment for adults: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 70–84. doi:10.1093/clipsy.10.1.70
  • Eastabrook, J. M., Lanteigne, D. M., & Hollenstein, T. (2013). Decoupling between physiological, self-reported, and expressed emotional responses in alexithymia. Personality and Individual Differences, 55, 978–982. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.08.001
  • Eckhardt, C., Jamison, T. R., & Watts, K. (2002). Anger experience and expression among male dating violence perpetrators during anger arousal. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 17, 1102–1114. doi:10.1177/088626002236662
  • Eckhardt, C., Norlander, B., & Deffenbacher, J. (2004). The assessment of anger and hostility: A critical review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 9, 17–43. doi:10.1016/S1359-1789(02)00116-7
  • Ekman, P. (1992). An argument for basic emotions. Cognition & Emotion, 6, 169–200. doi:10.1080/02699939208411068
  • Engebretson, T. O., Matthews, K. A., & Scheier, M. F. (1989). Relations between anger expression and cardiovascular reactivity: Reconciling inconsistent findings through a matching hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 513–521. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.57.3.513
  • Everson, S. A., Goldberg, D. E., Kaplan, G. A., Julkunen, J., & Salonen, J. T. (1998). Anger expression and incident hypertension. Psychosomatic Medicine, 60, 730–735. doi:10.1097/00006842-199811000-00014
  • Fernandez, E., & Turk, D. C. (1995). The scope and significance of anger in the experience of chronic pain. Pain, 61, 165–175. doi:10.1016/0304-3959(95)00192-U
  • Ganellen, R. J. (2007). Assessing normal and abnormal personality functioning: Strengths and weaknesses of self-report, observer, and performance-based methods. Journal of Personality Assessment, 89, 30–40. doi:10.1080/00223890701356987
  • Inbar, Y., & Gilovich, T. (2011). Angry (or disgusted), but adjusting? The effect of specific emotions on adjustment from self-generated anchors. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2, 563–569. doi:10.1177/1948550611401426
  • Keefer, K. V. (2015). Self-report assessments of emotional competencies: A critical look at methods and meanings. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 33, 3–23. doi:10.1177/0734282914550381
  • Kelly, J. R., & Hutson-Comeaux, S. L. (1999). Gender-emotion stereotypes are context specific. Sex Roles, 40, 107–120. doi:10.1023/A:1018834501996
  • Kennedy-Moore, E., & Watson, J. C. (1999). Expressing emotion. New York, NY: Guilford.
  • Kerns, R. D., Rosenberg, R., & Jacob, M. C. (1994). Anger expression and chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 17, 57–67. doi:10.1007/BF01856882
  • Kitayama, S., Jiyoung, P., Boylan, J. M., Miyamota, Y., Levin, C. S., Markus, H. R., … & Ryff, C. D. (2015). Expression of anger and ill health in two cultures: An examination of inflammation and cardiovascular risk. Psychological Science, 26, 211–220. doi:10.1177/0956797614561268
  • Krystal, H. (1979). Alexithymia and psychotherapy. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 33, 17–31.
  • Lepore, S. J., Fernandez-Berrocal, P., Ragan, J., & Ramos, N. (2004). It's not that bad: Social challenges to emotional disclosure enhance adjustment to stress. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 17, 341–361. doi:10.1080/10615800412331318625
  • Lumley, M. A., Neely, L. C., & Burger, A. J. (2007). Assessing alexithymia in the medical setting: Implications for understanding and treating health problems. Journal of Personality Assessment, 89, 1–17. doi:10.1080/00223890701629698
  • Lumley, M. A., Sklar, E. R., & Carty, J. N. (2012). Emotional disclosure interventions for chronic pain: From the laboratory to the clinic. Translational Behavioral Medicine: Practice, Policy, Research, 2, 73–81. doi:10.1007/s13142-011-0085-4
  • Neff, K. D. (2003). The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2, 223–250. doi:10.1080/15298860309027
  • Nemiah, J. C., Freyberger, H., & Sifneos, P. E. (1976). Alexithymia: A view of the psychosomatic process. In O. W. Hill (Ed.), Modern trends in psychosomatic research (Vol. 3, pp. 430–439). London, UK: Buttersworth.
  • Ong, A. D., Zautra, A. J., & Reid, M. C. (2015). Chronic pain and the adaptive significance of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 70, 283–284. doi:10.1037/a0038816
  • Pennebaker, J. W., Booth, R. J., & Francis, M. E. (2007). Linguistic inquiry and word count (LIWC 2007): A computer-based text analysis program [Computer software]. Austin, TX: LIWC.net.
  • Quartana, P., & Burns, J. W. (2007). Painful consequences of anger suppression. Emotion, 7, 400–414. doi:10.1037/a0013044
  • Räikkönen, K., Keltikangas-Järvinen, L., Adlercreutz, H., & Hautanen, A. (1996). Psychosocial stress and the insulin resistance syndrome. Metabolism, 45, 1533–1538. doi:10.1016/S0026-0495(96)90184-5
  • Rasting, M., Brosig, B., & Beutel, M. E. (2005). Alexithymic characteristics and patient–therapist interaction: A video analysis of facial affect display. Psychopathology, 38, 105–111. doi:10.1159/000085772
  • Roedema, T. M., & Simmons, R. F. (1999). Emotion-processing deficit in alexithymia. Psychophysiology, 36, 379–387. doi:10.1017/S0048577299980290
  • Saarimäki, H., Gotsopoulos, A., Jääskeläinen, I. P., Lampinen, J., Vuilleumier, P., Hari, R., … & Nummenmaa, L. (2015). Discrete neural signatures of basic emotions. Cerebral Cortex. Advance online publication. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhv086
  • Sifneos, P. E. (1967). Clinical observations on some patients suffering from a variety of psychosomatic diseases. Acta Medicina Psychosomatica, 7, 1–10.
  • Sifneos, P. E. (1973). The prevalence of “alexithymic” characteristics in psychosomatic patients. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 22, 255–262. doi:10.1159/000286529
  • Sifneos, P. E., Apfel-Savitz, R., & Frankel, F. H. (1977). The phenomenon of “alexithymia”: Observations in neurotic and psychosomatic patients. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 28, 47–57. doi:10.1159/000287043
  • Slavin-Spenny, O., Lumley, M. A., Thakur, E. R., Nevedal, D. C., & Hijazi, A. M. (2013). Effects of anger awareness and expression training versus relaxation training on headaches: A randomized trial. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 46, 181–192. doi:10.1007/s12160-013-9500-z
  • Smith, J. A., Lumley, M. A., & Longo, D. J. (2002). Contrasting emotional approach coping with passive coping for chronic myofascial pain. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 24, 326–335. doi:10.1207/S15324796ABM2404_09
  • So, J., Achar, C., Han, D., Agrawal, N., Duhachek, A., & Maheswaran, D. (2015). The psychology of appraisal: Specific emotions and decision-making. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 25, 359–371. doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2015.04.003
  • Spielberger, C. D., Johnson, E. H., Russell, S. F., Crane, R. J., Jacobs, G. A., & Wordern, T. J. (1985). The experience and expression of anger: Construction and validation of an anger expression scale. In M. A. Chesney & R. H. Rosenman (Eds.), Anger and hostility in cardiovascular and behavioral disorders (pp. 5–30). New York, NY: Hemisphere.
  • Spielberger, C. D., Krasner, S. S., & Solomon, E. P. (1988). The experience, expression and control of anger. In M. P. Janisse (Ed.), Health psychology: Individual differences and stress (pp. 89–108). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
  • Stanton, A. L., Danoff-Burg, S., Cameron, C. L., & Ellis, A. P. (1994). Coping through emotional approach: Problems of conceptualizaton and confounding. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 350–362. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.66.2.350
  • Stanton, A. L., Kirk, S. B., Cameron, C. L., & Danoff-Burg, S. (2000). Coping through emotional approach: Scale construction and validation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 1150–1169. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.78.6.1150
  • Stone, S. V., & Costa, P. T., Jr. (1990). Disease-prone personality or distress-prone personality? The role of neuroticism in coronary heart disease. In H. S. Friedman (Ed.), Personality and disease (pp. 178–200). Oxford, UK: Wiley.
  • Taylor, G. J., Bagby, R. M., & Parker, J. D. A. (1997). Disorders of affect regulation: Alexithymia in medical and psychiatric illness. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Thomas, S. P. (1989). Gender differences in anger expression: Health implications. Research in Nursing & Health, 12, 389–398. doi:10.1002/nur.4770120609
  • Tracy, J. L. (2014). An evolutionary approach to understanding distinct emotions. Emotion Review, 6, 308–312. doi:10.1177/1754073914534478
  • Tull, M. T., Medaglia, E., & Roemer, L. (2005). An investigation of the construct validity of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale through the use of a verbalization task. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 59, 77–84. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.02.016
  • van Middendorp, H., Lumley, M. A., Moerbeek, M., Jacobs, J. W., Bijlsma, J. W., & Geenen, R. (2010). Effects of anger and anger regulation styles on pain in daily life of women with fibromyalgia: A diary study. European Journal of Pain, 14, 176–182. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.03.007
  • Verona, E., Patrick, C. J., & Lang, A. R. (2002). A direct assessment of state and trait negative emotion in aggressive behavior. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111, 249–258. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.111.2.249
  • Wagner, H., & Lee, V. (2008). Alexithymia and individual differences in emotional expression. Journal of Research in Personality, 42, 83–95. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2007.04.001
  • Watson, D., & Pennebaker, J. W. (1989). Health complaints, stress, and distress: Exploring the central role of negative affectivity. Psychological Review, 96, 234–254. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.96.2.234
  • Webb, T. L., Miles, E., & Sheeran, P. (2012). Dealing with feeling: A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of strategies derived from the process model of emotion regulation. Psychological Bulletin, 138, 775. doi:10.1037/a0027600

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.