REFERENCES
- Birney , R. C. , Burdick , N. and Teevan , R. C. 1969 . Fear of failure. New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold. .
- Bradley , G. W. 1978 . Self serving biases in the attribution process: A reexamination of the fact or fiction question . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 36 : 56 – 71 .
- Brehm , J. W. and Cohen , A. 1962 . Explorations in cognitive dissonance. New York : Wiley. .
- Burger , J. M. , Brown , R. and Allen , C. A. 1983 . Negative reactions to personal control . Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , 1 : 322 – 342 .
- Covington , M. V. and Omerlich , C. L. 1979 . Are causal attributions causal? A path analysis of the cognitive model of achievement motivation . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 37 : 1487 – 1504 .
- Fiske , S. T. and Taylor , S. E. 1984 . Social cognition. Reading , MA : Addison– Wesley. .
- Frankel , A. and Snyder , M. L. 1978 . Poor performance following unsolvable problems: Learned helplessness or egotism? . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 36 : 1415 – 1424 .
- Harris , B. and Harvey , J. H. 1975 . Self attributed choice as a function of the consequence of a decision . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 31 : 1013 – 1019 .
- Harvey , J. H. 1976 . “ Attribution of freedom. ” . In New directions in attribution research Edited by: Harvey , J. H. , Ickes , W. J. and Kidd , R. F. Vol. 1 , Hillsdale , NJ : Erlbaum. .
- Jones , E. and Berglas , S. 1978 . Control of attributions about the self through self-handicapping strategies: The appeal of alcohol and the role of underachievement . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 4 : 200 – 206 .
- Kelley , H. H. 1967 . “ Attribution theory in social psychology. ” . In Nebraska Symposium on Motivation Edited by: Levine , D. Vol. 15 , Lincoln : University of Nebraska Press. .
- Mehlman , R. C. and Snyder , C. R. 1985 . Excuse theory: A test of the self-protective role of attributions . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 49 : 994 – 1001 .
- Mikulincer , M. 1986 . Attributional processes in the learned helplessness paradigm: The behavioral effects of globality attributions . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 51 : 1248 – 1256 .
- Rodin , J. , Rennert , K. and Solomon , S. 1980 . “ Intrinsic motivation for control: Fact or fiction?. ” . In Advances in environmental psychology: Applications of personal control Edited by: Baum , A. and Singer , J. Vol. 2 , Hillsdale , NJ : Erlbaum. .
- Skowronski , J. J. and Carlston , D. E. 1982 . Effects of previously experienced outcomes on the desire for choice . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 43 : 689 – 701 .
- Smith , T. W. , Snyder , C. R. and Handelsman , M. M. 1982 . On the self-serving function of an academic wood leg: Test anxiety as a self-handicapping strategy . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 42 : 314 – 321 .
- Snyder , C. R. , Higgins , R. L. and Stucky , R. J. 1983 . Excuses: Masquerades in search of grace. New York : Wiley. .
- Snyder , M. L. , Stephan , W. G. and Rosenfield , D. 1978 . “ Attributional egotism. ” . In New directions in attribution research Edited by: Harvey , J. H. , Ickes , W. J. and Kidd , R. F. Vol. 2 , Hillsdale , NJ : Erlbaum. .
- Snyder , M. L. and Wicklund , R. A. 1981 . “ Attribute ambiguity. ” . In New directions in attribution research Edited by: Harvey , J. H. , Ickes , W. J. and Kidd , R. F. Vol. 3 , Hillsdale , NJ : Erlbaum. .
- Steiner , I. D. 1970 . “ Perceived freedom. ” . In Advances in experimental social psychology Edited by: Berkowitz , L. Vol. 5 , 187 – 248 . New York : Academic Press. .
- Winer , B. J. 1971 . Statistical principles in experimental designs. New York : McGraw-Hill. .
- Zuckerman , M. 1979 . Attribution of success and failure revisited or: The motivational bias is alive and well in attribution theory . Journal of Personality , 47 : 245 – 287 .