Trait-Emotional Intelligence and the Tendency to Emotionally Manipulate Others Among Grandiose and Vulnerable Narcissists

References

• Ames, D. R., & Kammrath, L. (2004). Mind-reading and metacognition: Narcissism, not actual competence, predicts self-estimated ability. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 28(3),187–209. doi: 10.1023/B:JONB.0000039649.20015.0e
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austin, E. J., Farrelly, D., Black, C., & Moore, H. (2007). Emotional intelligence, Machiavellianism and emotional manipulation: Does EI have a dark side? Personality and Individual Differences, 43(1),179–189. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2006.11.019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austin, E. J., & O’Donnell, M. M. (2013). Development and preliminary validation of a scale to assess managing the emotions of others. Personality and Individual Differences, 55(7),834–839. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bar-On, R. (1997). The Emotional Intelligence Inventory (EQ-i): Technical manual. Toronto, ON, Canada: Multi-Health Systems.
   Google Scholar
• Casale, S., Fioravanti, G., Rugai, L., Flett, G. L., & Hewitt, P. L. (2016). The interpersonal expression of perfectionism among grandiose and vulnerable narcissists: Perfectionistic self-presentation, effortless perfectionism, and the ability to seem perfect. Personality and Individual Differences, 99,320–324. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1),155–159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deliĉ, L., Novak, P., Kovaĉiĉ, J., & Avsec, A. (2011). Self-reported emotional and social intelligence and empathy as distinctive predictors of narcissism. Psychological Topics, 20,477–488.
   Google Scholar
• Di Fabio, A., & Saklofske, D. H. (2014). Comparing ability and self-report trait emotional intelligence, fluid intelligence, and personality traits in career decision. Personality and Individual Differences, 64,174–178. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.02.024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickinson, K. A., & Pincus, A. L. (2003). Interpersonal analysis of grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. Journal of Personality Disorders, 17(3),188–207. doi: 10.1521/pedi.17.3.188.22146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farwell, L., & Wohlwend-Lloyd, R. (1998). Narcissistic processes: Optimistic expectations, favorable self-evaluations, and self-enhancing attributions. Journal of Personality, 66,65–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2),175–191. doi: 10.3758/BF03193146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Field, A. (2005). Discovering statistics using SPSS. London: SAGE Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Fossati, A., Borroni, S., Grazioli, F., Dornetti, L., Marcassoli, I., Maffei, C., & Cheek, J. (2009). Tracking the hypersensitive dimension in narcissism: Reliability and validity of the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale. Personality and Mental Health, 3(4),235–247. doi: 10.1002/pmh.92
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franco, M., & Tappatà, L. (2009). EQ-iTM Emotional Quotient Inventory. Validazione italiana [EQ-iTM Emotional Quotient Inventory. Italian validation]. Firenze, Italy: Giunti O.S.
   Google Scholar
• Freudenthaler, H. H., & Neubauer, A. C. (2005). Emotional intelligence: The convergent and discriminant validities of intra- and interpersonal emotional abilities. Personality and Individual Differences, 39(3),569–579. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2005.02.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freudenthaler, H. H., & Papousek, I. (2013). The typical and maximum performance of intra- and interpersonal emotion management. In C.Mohiyeddini (Ed.), Emotional relationships. Types, challenges and physical/mental health impacts (pp.125–160). New York, NY: Nova Science Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Gabbard, G. O. (1989). Two subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 53,527–532.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart, W., Adams, J., Burton, K. A., & Tortoriello, G. K. (2017a). Narcissism and self-presentation: Profiling grandiose and vulnerable narcissists’ self-presentation tactic use. Personality and Individual Differences, 104,48–57. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.06.062
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart, W., Richardson, K., Tortoriello, G., & Tullett, A. (2017b). Strategically out of control: A self-presentational conceptualization of narcissism and low self-control. Personality and Individual Differences, 114,103–107. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.03.046
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendin, H. M., & Cheek, J. M. (1997). Assessing hypersensitive narcissism: A re-examination of Murray’s Narcism Scale. Journal of Research in Personality, 31(4),588–599. doi: 10.1006/jrpe.1997.2204
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kauten, R. L. (2016). The influence of informant and measurement on the relations among adolescent narcissism, prosocial behavior, and emotional and social intelligence (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Southern Mississippi. Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1133&context=dissertations
   Google Scholar
• Lobbestael, J., Baumeister, R. F., Fiebig, T., & Eckel, L. A. (2014). The role of grandiose and vulnerable narcissism in self-reported and laboratory aggression and testosterone reactivity. Personality and Individual Differences, 69,22–27. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.05.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikolajczak, M., Nélis, D., Hansenne, M., & Quoidbach, J. (2008). If you can regulate sadness, you can probably regulate shame: Associations between trait emotional intelligence, emotion regulation and coping efficiency across discrete emotions. Personality and Individual Differences, 44(6),1356–1368. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2007.12.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, J. D., Hoffman, B. J., Gaughan, E. T., Gentile, B., Maples, J., & Campbell, W. K. (2011). Grandiose and vulnerable narcissism: A nomological network analysis. Journal of Personality, 79(5),1013–1042. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2012.685907
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morf, C. C., & Rhodewalt, F. (2001). Unraveling the paradoxes of Narcissism: A dynamic self-regulatory processing model. Psychological Inquiry, 12(4),177–196. doi: 10.1207/S15327965PLI1204_1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagler, U. K. J., Reiter, K. J., Furtner, M. R., & Rauthmann, J. F. (2014). Is there a “dark intelligence”? Emotional intelligence is used by dark personalities to emotionally manipulate others. Personality and Individual Differences, 65,47–52. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.01.025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakayama, R., & Nakaya, M. (2006). Developmental transformation of narcissism in adolescence. Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology, 54(2),188–198. [in Japanese]. doi: 10.5926/jjep1953.54.2_188
   Google Scholar
• Pincus, A. L., Ansell, E. B., Pimentel, C. A., Cain, M. N., Wright, A. G. C., & Levy, K. N. (2009). Initial construction and validation of the Pathological Narcissism Inventory. Psychological Assessment, 21(3),365–379. doi: 10.1037/a0016530
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pincus, A. L., & Roche, M. J. (2011). Narcissistic grandiosity and narcissistic vulnerability. In W. K.Campbell & J. D.Miller (Eds.), Handbook of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder: Theoretical approaches, empirical findings, and treatments (pp.31–40). New York, NY: Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Petrides, K. V., Vernon, P. A., Schermer, J. A., & Veselka, L. (2011). Trait emotional intelligence and the dark triad traits of personality. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 14(01),35–41. doi: 10.1375/twin.14.1.35
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Raskin, R., Novacek, J., & Hogan, R. (1991). Narcissism, self-esteem, and defensive self-enhancement. Journal of Personality, 59(1),19–38. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00766.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose, P. (2002). The happy and unhappy faces of narcissism. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(3),379–391. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00162-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., & Caruso, D. (2002). The positive psychology of emotional intelligence. In C. R.Snyder & S. J.Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp.159–171). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tews, M. J., Michel, J. W., & Noe, R. A. (2011). Beyond objectivity: The performance impact of the perceived ability to learn and solve problems. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79,489–495. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2010.11.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tortoriello, G., Hart, W., Richardson, K., & Tullett, A. M. (2017). Do narcissists try to make their partners jealous on purpose? An examination of motives for deliberate jealousy induction among subtypes of narcissism. Personality and Individual Differences, 114,10–15. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.03.052
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vonk, J., Zeigler-Hill, V., Mayhew, P., & Mercer, S. (2013). Mirror, mirror on the wall, which form of narcissist knows self and others best of all? Personality and Individual Differences, 54(3),396–401. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2012.10.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace, H. M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2002). The performance of narcissists rises and falls with perceived opportunity for glory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(5),819–834. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.82.5.819
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson, P. J., Grisham, S. O., Trotter, M. V., & Biderman, M. D. (1984). Narcissism and empathy: Validity evidence for the Narcissistic Personality Inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48(3),301–305. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa4803_12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson, P. J., McKinney, J., Hawkins, C., & Morris, R. J. (1988). Assertiveness and narcissism. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 25(1),125–131. doi: 10.1037/h0085308
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson, P. J., & Morris, R. J. (1991). Narcissism, empathy and social desirability. Personality and Individual Differences, 12(6),575–579. doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(91)90253-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wink, P. (1991). Two faces of narcissism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61,74–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H., Wang, Z., You, X., Lü, W., & Luo, Y. (2015a). Associations between narcissism and emotion regulation difficulties: Respiratory sinus arrhythmia reactivity as a moderator. Biological Psychology, 110,1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.06.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, W., Zou, H., Wang, M., & Finy, M. S. (2015b). The role of the dark triad traits and two constructs of emotional intelligence on loneliness in adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 75,74–79. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.10.025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar