A New Record of Domesticated Little Barley (Hordeum pusillum Nutt.) in Colorado: Travel, Trade, or Independent Domestication

References

• Adams, Karen R. 1987 Appendix 9.C. Little Barley (Hordeum pusillum Nutt.) as a Possible New World Domesticate. In Specialized Studies in the Economy, Environment, and Culture of La Ciudad, Part III, edited by JoAnn E. Kisselburg, Glen E. Rice, and Brenda L. Shears, pp. 203–237. Arizona State University Anthropological Field Studies 20, Tempe, Arizona.
   Google Scholar
• Adams, Karen R. 2001 Looking Back Through Time, Southwestern U.S. Archaeobotany at the New Millennium. In Ethnobiology at the Millennium, Past, Promise and Future Prospects, edited by Richard I. Ford, pp. 49–99. Anthropological Papers Number 91, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
   Google Scholar
• Adams, Karen R. 2003 Plant Remains. In From the Desert to the Mountains. Archaeology of the Transition Zone. The State Route 87-Sycamore Creek Project: Analyses of Prehistoric Remains, vol. 2, edited by Eric Eugene Klucas, Richard Ciolek-Torrello, and Rein Vanderpot, pp. 223–246. Statistical Research Technical Series No. 73. Statistical Research, Tucson, Arizona.
   Google Scholar
• Adams, Karen R. 2014 Little Barley Grass (Hordeum pusillum Nutt.) A Prehispanic New World Domesticate Lost to History. In New Lives for Ancient and Extinct Crops, edited by Paul E. Minnis, pp. 139–179. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
   Google Scholar
• Adams, Karen R., and Rex K. Adams 1998 How Does Our Agave Grow? Reproductive Biology of a Suspected Ancient Arizona Cultivar, Agave murpheyi Gibson. Desert Plants 14:11–20.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, S.T. 1979 Identification of Wild Grass and Cereal Pollen. Danmarks Geologiske Undersögelse Ärbog. 1978:69–72.
   Google Scholar
• Asch, David L., and Nancy B. Asch 1985 Prehistoric Plant Cultivation in West-Central Illinois. In Prehistoric Food Production in North America, edited by Richard I. Ford, pp. 149–203. Anthropological Papers No. 7S. Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
   Google Scholar
• Asch, David L. and John P. Hart 2004 Crop Domestication in Prehistoric Eastern North America. In Encyclopedia of Plant and Crop Science, edited by Robert M. Goodman, pp. 314–319. Marcel Dekker, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Baum, Bernard R., and Douglas A. Johnson 2000 The 5S rRNA Gene Units in the Native New World Annual Hordeum species (Triticeae: Poaceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 78:1590–1602.
   Google Scholar
• Benson, Larry, Linda Cordell, Kirk Vincent, Howard Taylor, John Stein, G. Lang Farmer, and Klyoto Futa 2003 Ancient Maize from Chacoan Great Houses: Where Was It Grown? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100(22):13111–13115. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2135068100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohrer, Vorsila L. 1962 Nature and Interpretation of Ethnobotanical Materials from Tonto National Monument. In Archeological Studies at Tonto National Monument, Arizona, edited by Charlie R. Steen, Lloyd M. Pierson, Vorsila L. Bohrer and Kate Peck Kent, pp. 75–114. Southwestern Monuments Association Technical Series, Vol. 2, Globe, Arizona.
   Google Scholar
• Bohrer, Vorsila L. 1975 The Prehistoric and Historic Role of the Cool Season Grasses in the Southwest. Economic Botany 29(3):199–208. doi: 10.1007/BF02873166
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohrer, Vorsila L. 1977 Preliminary Report for the Central Arizona Ecotone Project Concerning the Plant Remains from Arizona N:16:46 and Pollen from Arizona T:4:8. Manuscript on file with Vorsila L. Bohrer, Portales, NM.
   Google Scholar
• Bohrer, Vorsila L. 1984 Domesticated and Wild Crops in the CAEP Study Area. In Prehistoric Cultural Development in Central Arizona: Archaeology of the Upper New River Region, edited by Patricia M. Spoerl, and G. J. Gumerman, pp. 183–259. Southern Illinois University at Carbondale Center for Archaeological Investigations Occasional Paper No. 5, Carbondale, Illinois.
   Google Scholar
• Bohrer, Vorsila L. 1987 The Plant Remains from La Ciudad, a Hohokam Site in Phoenix. In Specialized Studies in the Economy, Environment and Culture of La Ciudad, Part III, edited by JoAnn E. Kisselburg, Glen E. Rice, and Brenda L. Shears, pp. 67–202. Arizona State University Anthropological Field Studies 20, Tempe, Arizona.
   Google Scholar
• Bohrer, Vorsila L. 1991 Recently Recognized Cultivated and Encouraged Plants Among the Hohokam. Kiva 56(3):227–235. doi: 10.1080/00231940.1991.11758169
   Google Scholar
• Chacón, M. I., Barbara Pickersgill, and D. G. Debouck 2005 Domestication Patterns in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and the Origin of the Mesoamerican and Andean Cultivated Races. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 110:432–444. doi: 10.1007/s00122-004-1842-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Covas, Guillermo 1949 Taxonomic Observations on the North American Species of Hordeum. Madroño 10:1–21.
   Google Scholar
• Dai, Fei, Eviatar Nevo, Dezhi Wu, Jordi Comadran, Meixue Zhou, Long Qiu, Zhonghua Chen, Avigdor Beiles, Guoxiong Chen, and Guoping Zhang 2012 Tibet is One of the Centers of Domestication of Cultivated Barley. Proceedings of the National Academy of the Sciences of the United States of America. 109(42):16969–16973. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1215265109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Storme, Nico, Linda Zamariola, Martin Mau, Timothy F. Sharbel, and Danny Geelen 2013 Volume-Based Pollen Size Analysis: An Advanced Method to Assess Somatic and Gametophytic Ploidy in Flowering Plants. Plant Reproduction 26(2):65–81. doi:10.1007/s00497-012-0209-0 PMID: 23686220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doebley, John F. 1984 “Seeds” of Wild Grasses: A Major Food of Southwestern Indians. Economic Botany 38(1):52–64. doi: 10.1007/BF02904415
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doolittle, William E. and Jonathan B. Mabry 2006 Environmental Mosaics, Agricultural Diversity, and the Evolutionary Adoption of Maize in the American Southwest. In Histories of Maize, Multidisciplinry Approaches to the Prehistory, Linguistics, Biogeography, Domestication, and Evolution of Maize, edited by John E. Staller, Robert H. Tykot, and Bruce F. Benz, pp. 109–121. Elsevier, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Dunmire, William W. 2004 Gardens of New Spain: How Mediterranean Plants and Foods Changed America. University of Texas Press, Austin.
   Google Scholar
• Fægri, Knut, and Johs Iversen 1989 Textbook of Pollen Analysis. 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Fish, Suzanne K. 1984 Agriculture and Subsistence Implications of the Salt-Gila Aqueduct Pollen Analysis. In Environment and Subsistence, Hohokam Archaeology Along the Salt-Gila Aqueduct Central Arizona Project, vol. 7, edited by Lynn S. Teague and Patricia L. Crown, pp. 111–138. Arizona State Museum Archaeological Series No. 150. University of Arizona, Tucson.
   Google Scholar
• Fish, Suzanne K., and Paul R. Fish 2014 Agave (Agave spp.), A Crop Lost and Found in the US-Mexico Borderlands. In New Lives for Ancient and Extinct Crops, edited by Paul E. Minnis, pp. 102–138. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
   Google Scholar
• Fish, Suzanne, Paul Fish, and John Madsen 1992 Large Scale Agave Cultivation in the Marana Community. In The Marana Community in the Hohokam World, edited by Suzanne Fish, Paul Fish, and John Madsen, pp. 71–87. Anthropological Papers of the University of Arizona 56. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
   Google Scholar
• Fish, Suzanne K., Paul R. Fish, Charles Miksicek, and John Madsen 1985 Prehistoric Agave Cultivation in Southern Arizona. Desert Plants 7(2):107–112.
   Google Scholar
• Fish, Suzanne K. and Gary P. Nabhan 1991 Desert as Context: The Hohokam Environment. In Exploring the Hohokam: Prehistoric Peoples of the American Southwest, edited by George J. Gumerman, pp. 29–60. Amerind Foundation, New World Study Series 1. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
   Google Scholar
• Fritz, Gayle J., Karen R. Adams, Glen E. Rice, and John L. Czarzasty 2009 Evidence for Domesticated Amaranth From A Sedentary Period Hohokam House Floor at Las Canopas. Kiva 74(4):393–419. doi: 10.1179/kiv.2009.74.4.002
   Google Scholar
• Gould, Frank 1951 Grasses of the Southwestern United States. University of Arizona Biological Science Bulletin 7. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
   Google Scholar
• Hammett, Julia Elizabeth 1991 “Ecology of Sedentary Societies Without Agriculture: Paleoethnobotanical Indicators from Native California.” Order No. 9207953, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/303924323?accountid=14244
   Google Scholar
• Harlan, Jack R. 1975 Crops and Man. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin.
   Google Scholar
• Harlan, Jack R. 1979 The Origin of Barley. In Barley: Origin, Botany, Culture, Winter Hardiness, Genetics, Utilization, Pests, pp. 10–36. Agricultural Handbook No. 338. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
   Google Scholar
• Harrington, H. D. 1964 Manual of the Plants of Colorado. 2nd ed. The Swallow Press, Chicago, Illinois.
   Google Scholar
• Helbaek, Hans 1966 Commentary on the Phylogenesis of Triticum and Hordeum. Economic Botany 20:350–360. doi: 10.1007/BF02904055
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendry, George W. 1931 The Adobe Brick as a Historical Source. Agricultural History 5:64–71.
   Google Scholar
• Hodgson, Wendy C. 2006 Verde Valley – A “Hotspot” for Rare Pre-Columbian Agave Cultivars. The Plant Press. Arizona Native Plant Society.
   Google Scholar
• Hodgson, Wendy C., and Andrew M. Salywon 2012 Garden Researchers Report Two New Species of Agave. The Sonoran Quarterly 66(3). Desert Botanical Garden, Phoenix, Arizona.
   Google Scholar
• Hodgson, Wendy C., and Andrew M. Salywon 2013 Two New Agave Species (Agavaceae) from Central Arizona and Their Putative Pre-Columbian Domesticated Origins. Brittonia 65(10):5–15. doi: 10.1007/s12228-012-9255-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunter, Andrea A. 1992 Utilization of Hordeum pusillum (Little Barley) in the Midwest United States: Applying Rindos’ Co-Evolutionary Model of Domestication. Unpublished PhD, Anthropology Department, University of Missouri-Columbia, 348 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Kaplan, Lawrence, and Thomas F. Lynch 1999 Phaseolus (Fabaceae) in Archaeology: AMS Radiocarbon Dates and Their Significance for Pre-Columbian Agriculture. Economic Botany 53:261–272. doi: 10.1007/BF02866636
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knight, Charles A., Rachel B. Clancy, Lars Götzenberger, Leighton Dann, and Jeremy M. Beaulieu 2010 On the Relationships Between Pollen Size and Genome Size. Journal of Botany 2010. Article ID 612017, 7 pages, doi 10.1155/2010/
   Google Scholar
• Kurtz, Edwin B., James L. Liverman, and Henry Tucker 1960 Some Problems Concerning Fossil and Modern Corn Pollen. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 87(2):85–94. doi: 10.2307/2483145
   Google Scholar
• Lamson-Scribner, F., and Jared G. Smith 1897 Native and Introduced Species of the Genera Hordeum and Agropyron. In Studies on American Grasses. USDA Bulletin No. 4, pp. 23–25. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
   Google Scholar
• Love, Askell (editor) 1980 IOPB Chromosome Number Reports 66. Taxon 29(1):163–169.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mabry, Jonathan B. 2008 Chronology. In Las Capas: Early Irrigation and Sedentism in a Southwestern Floodplain, edited by Jonathan B. Mabry, pp. 55–76. Anthropological Papers No. 28. Center for Desert Archaeology, Tucson, Arizona.
   Google Scholar
• Merrill, William L., Robert J. Hard, Jonathan B. Mabry, Gayle J. Fritz, Karen R. Adams, John R. Roney, and A. C. MacWilliams 2009 The Diffusion of Maize to the Southwestern United States and Its Impact. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106(50):21019–21026. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0906075106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers, Lauren Ancel, and Donald A. Levin 2006 On the Abundance of Polyploids in Flowering Plants. Evolution 60(6):1198–1206. doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01198.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miksicek, Charles 1984 Archaeobotanical Remains from Frogtown. In Prehistoric Occupation of the Queen Creek Delta, Hohokam Archaeology Along the Salt-Gila Aqueduct Central Arizona Project, vol. 4, edited by Lynn S. Teague and Patricia L. Crown, pp. 563–590. Arizona State Museum Archaeological Series No. 150. University of Arizona, Tucson.
   Google Scholar
• Miksicek, Charles 1989 Plant Remains and Mollusks from Los Morteros, Locus 1. In Archaeological Investigations at Los Morteros, AZ AA:12:57 (ASM), Locus 1, in the Northern Tucson Basin, edited by Mary Bernard Shaw, pp. 39–48. Technical Report 87–8. Institute for American Research, Goleta, California.
   Google Scholar
• Miksicek, Charles 1999 Appendix K: On the Cusp of History: Archaeobotanical Remains from CA-YOL-182. In Archaeological Investigations at CA-SOL-397 on the University of California, Davis Campus, edited by Lisa A. Shapiro, and Kim J. Tremaine. Prepared by BioSystems Analysis, Sacramento, California for University of California Davis, Office of Planning and Budget, Sacramento, California.
   Google Scholar
• Minnis, Paul (editor) 2014 New Lives for Ancient and Extinct Crops. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
   Google Scholar
• Minnis, Paul and Stephen Plog 1976 A Study of the Site Specific Distribution of Agave Parryi in East-Central Arizona. KIVA 41:299–308. doi: 10.1080/00231940.1976.11757854
   Google Scholar
• Moore, P. D., J. A. Webb, and M. E. Collinson 1991 Pollen Analysis. 2nd ed. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Otto, Sarah P. 2007 The Evolutionary Consequences of Polyploidy. Cell 131(3):452–462. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.10.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker, Kathleen C., J. L. Hamrick, Wendy C. Hodgson, Dorset W. Trapnell, Albert J. Parker, and Robert K. Kuzoff 2007 Genetic Consequences of Pre-Columbian Cultivation for Agave Murpheyi and A. Delamateri (Agavaceae). American Journal of Botany 94(9):1479–1490. doi: 10.3732/ajb.94.9.1479
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker, Kathleen C., Dorset W. Trapnell, J. L. Hamrick, Wendy C. Hodgson, and Albert Parker 2010 Inferring Ancient Agave Cultivation Practices from Contemporary Genetic Patterns. Molecular Ecology 19:1622–1637. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04593.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy, Seetha 2009 Harvesting the Landscape: Protohistoric Plant Exploitation in Coastal Southern California. Society for California Archaeology Proceedings 22:1–10.
   Google Scholar
• Reddy, Seetha 2015 Feeding Family and Ancestors: Persistence of Traditional Native American Lifeways During the Mission Period in Coastal Southern California. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 37:48–66. doi: 10.1016/j.jaa.2014.12.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rieseberg, L. H., and J. H. Willis 2007 Plant Speciation. Science 317(5840):910–914. doi: 10.1126/science.1137729
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rindos, David 1984 Origins of Agriculture. Academic Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Shackley, M. Steven 2005 Chronometry and Geochemistry at McEuen Cave: The Radiocarbon and Obsidian Geochemical Data. Paper presented at the 70th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Salt Lake City, UT.
   Google Scholar
• Simon, Mary L. and Kathryn E. Parker 2006 Prehistoric Plant Use in the American Bottom: New Thoughts and Interpretations. Southeastern Archaeology 25(2):212–257.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Bruce D. 1992a Prehistoric Plant Husbandry in Eastern North America. In Origins of Agriculture: An International Perspective, edited by Wesley Cowan and Patty Jo Watson, pp. 101–119. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Bruce D. 1992b Rivers of Change: Essays on Early Agriculture in Eastern North America. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Susan J. 1998 Chapter 5. Pollen Analysis. In The Desert Mountain Properties Archaeological Testing Project, Scottsdale, Arizona, edited by Douglas R. Mitchell, pp. 55–67. SWCA Cultural Resource Report 98–44, Phoenix, Arizona.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Susan J. 2009 Pollen Analysis of Agricultural Terraces on Perry Mesa, Agua Fria National Monument, Yavapai County, Arizona. Report submitted to Hoski Schaafsma, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Susan J. 2015a Basketmaker Communities Project: Pollen Report 5MT2032. Manuscript on file, Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Susan J. 2015b Basketmaker Communities Project at Indian Camp Ranch: Pollen Analyses from the Dillard Site. Manuscript on file, Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Susan J. 2016a Basketmaker Communities Project at Indian Camp Ranch: Pollen Analyses from the 2015 Excavations. Manuscript on file, Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Susan J. 2016b Pollen Studies. In The Goodman Point Archaeological Project: Goodman Point Community Testing, edited by Grant D. Coffey. In press. Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Susan J. 2016c Pollen Analysis. In The Goodman Point Archaeological Project: Goodman Point Pueblo Excavations, edited by Kristin A. Kuckelman. In press. Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.
   Google Scholar
• Sommer, Caitlin A., Shanna R. Diederichs, Susan C. Ryan, Steven R. Copeland, and Kari L. Schleher 2015 The Basketmaker Communities Project Annual Report, 2014 Field Season [PDF Title]. Available: http://www.crowcanyon.org/basketmaker2014. accessed January 6, 2016
   Google Scholar
• Steen, Charlie R. 1962 Excavations at the Upper Ruin, Tonto National Monument. In Archeological Studies at Tonto National Monument, Arizona, edited by Charlie R. Steen, Lloyd M. Pierson, Vorsila L. Bohrer, and Kate Peck Kent, pp. 1–32. Southwestern Monuments Association Technical Series, vol. 2, Globe, Arizona.
   Google Scholar
• Stubbe, Hans 1959 Considerations of the Genetical and Evolutionary Aspects of some Mutants of Hordeum, Glycine, Lycopersicon and Antirrhinum. Cold Spring Harbor Symposium of Quantitative Biology 24:31–40. doi: 10.1101/SQB.1959.024.01.005
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tanno, Ken-Ichi 2014 A Review of the Research on the Origin of Six-Row Barley. In Ancient Plants and People, Contemporary Trends in Archaeobotany, edited by Marco Madella, Carla Lancelotti, and Manon Savard, pp. 277–291. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
   Google Scholar
• Tracy, William F., Sherry R. Whitt, and Edward S. Buckler 2006 Recurrent Mutation and Genome Evolution: Example of Sugary 1 and the Origin of Sweet Maize. Crop Science 46(Supplement-1):S-49–S-54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• USDA, NRCS 2016 The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, accessed January 6, 2016). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Huai, Anthony J. Studer, Qiong Zhao, Robert Meeley, and John F. Doebley 2015 Evidence That the Origin of Naked Kernels During Maize Domestication Was Caused by a Single Amino Acid Substitution in tga1. Genetics 200:965–974. doi: 10.1534/genetics.115.175752
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watt, Bernice K., and Annabel L. Merrill 1975 Composition of Foods: Raw, Processed, Prepared. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Handbook No. 8. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
   Google Scholar
• Wohlgemuth, Eric 2004 The Course of Plant Food Intensification in Native Central California. Order No. 3148519. The University of California, Davis. http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/305214763?accountidk14244
   Google Scholar
• Wohlgemuth, Eric, Angela Arpaia, Wendy Pierce, and Angela Tingey 2015a Charred Plant Remains from CA-SAC-15. Submitted to AECOM, Sacramento.
   Google Scholar
• Wohlgemuth, Eric, Angela Tingey, and Wendy Pierce 2015b Charred Plant Remains from CA-SAC-485. Submitted to AECOM, Sacramento.
   Google Scholar
• Wood, T. E., N. Takebayashi, M.S. Barker, I. Mayrose, P.B. Greenspoon, and L.H. Rieseberg 2009 The Frequency of Polyploid Speciation in Vascular Plants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106(33):13875–13879. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0811575106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zohary, Daniel, Maria Hopf, and Ehud Weiss 2012 Domestication of Plants in the Old World: The Origin and Spread of Domesticated Plants in South-west Asia, Europe, and the Mediterranean Basin. 4th ed. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
   Google Scholar