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Labor History Volume 18, 1977 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Ambiguous legacy: The union security problem during World War II

Nelson Lichtenstein Instructor in History, Ohio State Univ.,
Pages 214-238 | Published online: 03 Jul 2008

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  • Koistinen , Paul A.C. 1964 . “The Hammer and the Sword: Labor and the Military during World War II” . 107 – 113 . Berkeley : Univ. of California . (unpublished Ph.D. diss.,
  • U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics . 1942 . Report on the Work of the National Defense Mediation Board Washington, D.C.
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  • Golden , Clinton and Ruttenberg , Harold . 1942 . Dynamics of Industrial Democracy 190 – 230 . New York
  • “Testimony of Clinton Golden before House Committee on Education and Labor,” . Hearings on the Conciliation Act of 1941 , 178 – 181 . 77th Congress, 1st Session,
  • Hinton , James . 1973 . The First Shop Stewards Movement London
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  • 1941 . “Address of President Philip Murray on CIO Defense Industry Council Plan,” . July 7
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  • August 4 1941 . “Partial Report of the Grievance Committee of the UAW‐CIO in Re: Grievance of North American Situation,” . In Proceedings 1941 UAW Convention August 4 , 246 Buffalo
  • Report...NDMB , 27 156 – 160 .
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  • Coleman , McAlister . 1943 . Men and Coal 202 New York
  • Stark , Louis . 1941 . New York Times , Nov. 2
  • 1941 . UMW Journal , Sept. 1, Oct. 1
  • 1941 . Iron Age , Oct. 9, 16, 30
  • 1941 . New York Times , Oct. 11
  • 1941 . "Bituminous Coal Operators,” . NDMB Transcript , Nov. 3
  • Bernstein . Turbulent Years , 752 – 767 .
  • 1942 . Proceedings of the 37th Constitutional Convention of the UMW , Oct. 6–14 : 37 – 88 .
  • 1941 . NDMB Transcript , Nov. 4
  • 1942 . CIO News , January 30
  • Siegal , Bernard . 1942 . “Some Comments on Wages in the Little Steel Case,” . July 10
  • Bureau of the Budget . 1946 . United States at War 235 – 248 . Washington, D.C.
  • Bureau of the Budget . United States at War , 250 – 251 .
  • Blum , John Morton . 1967 . From the Morgenthau Diaries: Years of War 34 – 39 . New York
  • Daugherty , Carroll R. and Derber , Milton . 1944 . “Wage Stabilization” . In Yearbook of American Labor Edited by: Warne , Colston E. 162 – 169 . New York
  • 1942 . The New York Times , July 1
  • Mack , Audrey and Mitchell , Broadus . “Labor Looks at the National Income Distribution” . In Yearbook Edited by: Warne . 453 – 464 .
  • Gregory , Chester W. 1974 . Women in Defense Work During World War II New York
  • Quick , Paddy . 1975 . “ Rosie the Riveter: Myths and Realities,” . Racial America , 9 July‐October : 115 – 131 .
  • Lichtenstein , Nelson . 1974 . “Industrial Unionism under the No‐Strike Pledge: A Study of the CIO during the Second World War'’ ” . 257 – 285 . Berkeley : Univ. of California . (unpublished Ph.D. diss.,
  • War Production Board Report . 1944 . ’’ Maintaining Production in the Cotton Textile Industry,” . August 5
  • West Coast Airframe Companies . March 3 1943 . 6 War Labor Reports March 3 , 581 – 639 .
  • Millis , Harry A. , ed. 1942 . How Collective Bargaining Works 527 – 531 . New York
  • McDonald , David J. 1969 . Union Man 120 – 122 . 145 – 155 . New York
  • 1937 . Steel Labor , Sept. 10, Oct. 15
  • Ulman , Lloyd . 1962 . Government of the Steelworkers Union 15 – 36 . New York
  • 1942 . Proceedings of the First Constitutional Convention of the United Steelworkers of America , May 19–22
  • Lewis , Richard H. 1943 . “Effect of War on Employment in the Iron and Steel Industry,” . Monthly Labor Review , 56 : 258 – 267 .
  • SWOC . 1942 . Brief submitted by SWOC to National War Labor Board Panel in the matter of SWOC vs. Bethlehem, Republic, Youngstown Sheet and Tube, and Inland Steel Companies 256 – 260 . Washington, D.C.
  • 1942 . “What's Itching Labor,” . Fortune , 25 November : 102
  • 1942 . Proceedings...USW , May : 292
  • Bethlehem Steel Corporation . July 16 1942 . I, War Labor Board Reports. July 16 , 387
  • 1942 . Proceedings...USW , May : 41 46
  • 1942 . CIO News , March 9
  • 1942 . New York Times , March 14, 18, 25
  • 1942 . CIO News , February 2, March 23, 30
  • 1942 . Militant , March 28
  • Minutes of Proceedings . 1942 . UAW War Emergency Conference . April 7 and 8 1942 .
  • Lichtenstein . “Industrial Unionism...,” . 226 – 284 .
  • 1942 . War Labor Board Transcript , July 3 : 42 – 43 .
  • 1941 . Transcript, NDMB , July 8
  • Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company . April 25 1942 . 1 War Labor Board Reports April 25 , 142 – 143 .
  • 1942 . War Labor Board Transcript , March 26
  • 1944 . Hearings , May 22‐June 8 : 627
  • Alinsky , Saul . 1949 . John L. Lewis 280 – 324 . New York
  • Wechsler , James A. 1944 . Labor Baron 207 – 253 . New York
  • 1942 . UMW Journal , March 1, 15, April 1, May 15
  • 1942 . New York Times , March 29
  • 1942 . Steel Labor , April 24
  • 1942 . The New York Times , June 19
  • 1942 . (see also Marshall Field and Co. [ . February 25 : 47 – 53 .
  • Steel , Bethlehem . 1942 . 1 War Labor Board Reports , July 16 : 397
  • Seidman . American Labor , 99
  • 1942 . New York Times , April 29
  • 1943 . “Maintenance of Membership Awards of the National War Labor Board,” . Monthly Labor Review , 51 : 524 – 533 .
  • Burns , James MacGregor . 1948 . “Maintenance of Membership, a Study in Administrative Statesmanship,” . Journal of Politics , 10 : 101 – 116 .
  • Reynolds , Lloyd G. and Killings , Charles C. 1942 . “The Union Security Issue” . Annals of American Political Science Association , 224 November : 32 – 39 .
  • 1944 . Proceedings...USW , May 9–13
  • U.S. Bureau of the Census . 1958 . Statistical Abstract of the United States 236 Washington, D.C.
  • 1944 . Voice of Local , 212 May 15
  • Washington offices . 1942 . in Proceedings, Fifth Constitutional Convention, CIO , Nov. 9–12 : 283 – 287 .
  • Jennings . 1975 . “Wildcat! The Wartime Strike Wave in Auto,” . Radical America , 9 July‐October : 77 – 106 .
  • Lichtenstein . “Industrial Unionism...,” . 326 – 367 . 596 – 641 .
  • Swafford , Rosa Lee . 1946 . Wartime Record of Strikes and Lockouts, 1940–1945 1 – 37 . Washington, D.C.
  • Scott , Jerome F. and Homans , George C. 1947 . “Reflections on Wildcat Strikes,” . American Sociological Review , 12 : 278 – 287 .
  • Steel , Worchester Pressed . 1942 . 3 War Labor Board Reports , September 30 : 504
  • Corporation , Chrysler . 1943 . 10 War Labor Board Reports , August 27 : 553 – 555 .
  • 1943 . War Labor Board Hearing Transcript , July 28 : 25 – 29 .
  • Sigal , Ben . 1943 . “CIO Weekly Letter,” . August 14
  • Golden and Ruttenberg . Dynamics of Union Democracy , 58 – 110 .
  • Cary , Lorin Lee . 1972 . “Institutional Conservatism in the Early CIO; Adolph Gormer, A Case Study,” . Labor History , 13 : 475 – 504 .
  • Burns . “Maintenance of Membership,” . 113
  • 1943 . WLB Transcript , July 31 : 940 – 941 .
  • Baldwin , Roger . 1946 . “Union Administration and Civil Liberties,” . Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science , 248 November : 54 – 61 .
  • Roberts , Harold S. 1944 . The Rubber Workers 254 362 – 364 . New York
  • 1943 . War Labor Board Reports , May 21
  • September 20–24 1943 . Proceedings, Eighth Convention United Rubber Workers of America September 20–24 , 58 Toronto
  • 1944 . UnitedRubber Worker , February, March
  • 1944 . Labor Action , January 17, 31
  • 1945 . War Labor Reports , January 16 : 182 – 183 .
  • Koistinen . “Hammer and Sword,” . 280
  • 1945 . Textile Labor , February, March
  • 1944 . New York Times , Dec. 12, 13, 14
  • 1945 . PM , March 14, 29, July 21
  • 1945 . Wage Earner , March 20
  • Bernstein , Barton . 1965 . “The Truman Administration and Its Reconversion Wage Policy,” . Labor History , 6 : 214 – 231 .
  • Dunlop , John T. 1949 . “The Decontrol of Wages and Prices,” . In Labor in Postwar America Edited by: Warne , Colston E. 3 – 24 . New York

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