References
- Shannon , David . 1967 . The Socialist Party of America , 9 86 94 125 192 211 218 237 244 Chicago : Quadrangle Books .
- Bell , Daniel . 1952 . “The Background and Development of Marxian Socialism in the United States,” . In Socialism in American Life , Edited by: Egbert , Donald and Persons , Stow . Vol. v. 1 , 294 318 370 377 – 78 . 381 Princeton : Princeton Univ. Press .
- 1960 . Who Was Who in America Vol. 13 , 507 Chicago
- 1948 . World Biography 2720 New York
- Kautsky's . 1930 . Bolshevism at a Deadlock Vienna originally published in