References
- Quoted in Baer Barbara L. Matthews Glenna ‘You Find a Way’: The Women of the Boycott The Nation Feb. 1974 23 233 233
- Quoted in boycott newsletter [undated] 1969 Jan. c. Dear Boycotters from Cesar, UFW Philadelphia Boycott Office (acc 376) Box 4, Folder 3, Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs, Walter P. Reuther Library, Wayne State Univ. (hereafter ALUA).
- These include Eugene Nelson Huelga: The First Hundred Days of the Delano Grape Strike Delano 1966 John Gregory Dunne, Delano: the Story of the California Grape Strike (New York, 1967); Peter Matthiessen, Sal Si Puedes: Cesar Chavez and the New American Revolution (New York, 1969); Mark Day, Forty Acres: Cesar Chavez and the Farm Workers (New York, 1971); Joan London and Henry Anderson, So Shall Ye Reap (New York, 1970).
- Zinn , Maxine Baca . 1975 . Political Familism: Toward Sex Role Equality in Chicano Families . Aztlan , 6 ( 1 ) : 13 – 27 . notes the significance of family participation in the Chicano movement.
- Kessler-Harris , Alice . 1982 . Out to Work: A History of Wage-Earning Women in the United States New York Ruth Milkman, Gender at Work: The Dynamics of Job Segregation by Sex During World War II (Urbana, 1987); Nancy Gabin, “‘They Have Placed a Penalty on Womanhood’: The Protest Actions of Women Auto Workers in Detroit-Area UAW Locals, 1945–1947,” Ferminist Studies, 8 (1982), 373–398; Marjorie Penn Lasky, “‘Where I was a person’: The Ladies’ Auxiliary in the 1934 Minneapolis Teamsters' Strikes,” in Ruth Milkman, ed., Women, Work, and Protest: a Century of U.S. Women's Labor History (Boston, 1985), 181–205.
- García , Mario T. 1980 . The Chicana in American History: The Mexican Women of El Paso, 1880–1920 — A Case Study . Pacific Historical Review , 49 : 315 – 337 . Vicki L. Ruiz, Cannery Women, Cannery Lives: Mexican Women, Unionization, and the California Food Processing Industry, 1930–1950 (Albuquerque, NM, 1987); Patricia Zavella, Women's Work and Chicano Families: Cannery Workers of The Santa Clara Valley (Ithaca, 1987); Sarah Deutsch, No Separate Refuge: Culture, Class, and Gender on An Anglo-Hispanic Frontier in the American Southwest, 1880–1940 (New York, 1987); Michael Wilson, Salt of the Earth, Commentary by Deborah Silverton Rosenfelt (Old Westbury, NY, 1978).
- There are exceptions to the family pattern of union activism: see Rose Margaret Eleanor Women in the United Farm Workers: A Study of Chicana and Mexicana Participation in a Labor Union, 1950 to 1980 Univ. of California Los Angeles 1988 unpublished PhD diss. chapters 2, 5, 7.
- Taylor . Chavez , 233 – 233 .
- Jerald , Brown Barry . 1972 . The United Farm Workers Grape Strike and Boycott, 1965–1970: An Evaluation of the Culture of Poverty Theory , 191 – 191 . Latin American Studies Program, Cornell Univ. . unpublished PhD diss.
- July 1983 . Interview with Esther Uranday, Delano, CA July , 29 – 29 . 12
- Taylor . Chavez , 229 – 230 .
- Quoted in Baer Matthews You Find a Way 236 236
- Quoted in Baer Matthews You Find a Way 236 236
- July 1970 . El Malcriado July , 4 – 4 . 1
- Quoted in El Malcriado 1970 Dec. 4 4 15 11
- Dec. 1970 . El Malcriado Dec. , 4 – 4 .
- Quoted in Baer Matthews You Find a Way 234 234
- Taylor . 88 – 90 . Meister and Loftis, 118–119. Levy, 181. See also “Biography,” Gilbert Padilla, UFW, Washington, DC Boycott (7–77), Box 5, Folder: Padilla—Biography, ALUA. (Hereafter D.C.B. [7–77]).
- For another, shorter biographical sketch on Gilbert Padilla, see El Malcriado 1973 Oct. 19
- Report of the Washington, DC Boycott Director, Gilbert Padilla Oct. 1974 9 UFW Boycott Central (acc. May 1977), Box 3, Folder: Washington, DC Boycott, 1974, ALUA. (Hereafter Boy Cen [5–77]).
- Nov. 1988 . Interview with Esther Padilla, Fresno, CA Nov. , 30
- 1974 . Washington Post , Aug. 15
- Padilla Interview. Quoted material in !Acción! 1973 Dec. and Jan. 1974, D.C.B. (7–77), Box 13, Folder: Layout and Materials for Leaflets and Newsletters, 1973–1977, ALUA.
- Padilla Interview. For relations with Cranston, see Levy 112 112 133, 302, and Majka and Majka, 193.
- Quoted in U.S. Congress, Senate, Post Office and Civil Service Committee Voter Registration: Hearing on S. 352 and S. 472 93rd Cong., 1st sess. 93rd Cong., 1st sess. 16 March 1973 250 250
- For an example of Esther Padilla's office work, see Minutes—Boycott Coordinators' Meeting Minutes—Boycott Coordinators' Meeting East Coast Northeast, Southeast, and Eastern Canada Minutes—Boycott Coordinators' Meeting East Coast Northeast, Southeast, and Eastern Canada Feb. 9–12 UFW Boycott Central Files Washington, DC 1974 1973–1977, Box 6, Folder: Barbara—Personal, ALUA. These minutes were prepared by Esther Padilla and Kay Pollock. Press Release, 9 Sept. 1974, D.C.B. (7–77), Box 10, unlabeled folder, ALUA.
- See also letter from Kay Pollock to Rt. Rev. John T. Walker D.C.B. (7–77), ALUA 1973 Sept. 19 Pollock noted that there were twenty-one children ranging from 5 weeks to 16 years. For mention of additional nonpaid volunteers on the staff, see Washington Post, Aug. 15, 1974.
- May 1984 . Interview with Oralia Rodríguez Mata, Martin Luther King Farm Workers Service Center, Lamont, CA May , 21
- Levy . 475 – 510 .
- For samples of the unrest and protests in this area see Lamont Reporter 1973 April 11 and Bakersfield Californian, April 18, 19, 1973. See also Mata Interview.
- For reports of boycott car caravans leaving California, see Bakersfield Californian 1973 Aug. 31 and The McFarland Press, Sept. 7, 1973. See also Meister and Loftis, 181–194.
- see Washington Post 1975 July 27
- In 1974 the Washington, DC boycott raised 79% of its expenses: see Boycott City Income and Expense Summary 1974 February Boy Cen (5–77), Box 1, Folder: Keene (La Paz) Boycott Office, ALUA.
- See also Washington Post 1974 Aug. 15
- Quoted in El Malcriado 1970 July 1
- For a story on and photo of Esther Padilla and her daughter, see Washington Post 1974 Aug. 15
- Quoted in El Malcriado 1967 June 10
- For accounts of several of these fundraising events at the Shrivers' estate, see Washington Post 1973 July 20 and Sept. 9, 1974. At the former event $6000 was raised, at the latter another $11,000 was collected for the union.
- Quoted in Washington Post 1974 Aug. 15
- For Conrado Rodríguez's picket line activity, see El Malcriado 1973 Dec. 28
- For Conrado Rodríguez's attendance at important union meetings, see Minutes—Boycott Coordinators' Meeting, East Coast, Northeast, Southeast, and Eastern Canada UFW Boycott Central Files Washington, DC 1974 Feb. 9–12 1973–1977, Box 6, Folder: Barbara—Personal, ALUA.
- For public support from the religious community, see, for example Washington Post 1973 July 6 and El Malcriado, Oct. 18, 1974.
- For Esther Padilla quote: see Washington Post 1974 Aug. 15
- Dec. 1970 . El Malcriado Dec. , 15
- Dec. 1973 . El Malcriado Dec. , 28
- For an analysis of the contribution of various sectors of the Washington, DC community, see Report of Washington Boycott Director 1974 Oct. 9 Boy Cen (5–77), Box 3, Folder: Washington, DC Boycott, 1974, ALUA.
- El Malcriado November 1973 2 reported on the Herrera's move
- See, for example a pamphlet produced by one of their professional organizations Boycott: A Background Perspective Supermarket Institute Chicago 1975 51 51 prepared by the Food Distribution Information Council Vizzard Papers, Box 16, Folder 6, Stanford.
- For the most thorough discussion of the Agricultural Labor Relations Act and the conflicts between growers and the UFW after its enactment, see Majka Majka 233 247 See also, Meister and Loftis, 215–228 and J. Craig Jenkins, 196–200.
- Quoted in (Washington, DC, boycott newsletter) !Acción! 1975 summer D.C.B. (7–77) Box 13, Folder: Layouts and Materials for Leaflets and Newsletters, etc., 1973–1977, ALUA.
- Aug. 1987 . “ Padilla Interview ” . In Fresno Bee Aug. , 9
- For the departure of the Rodríguez family, see Mata Interview 1975 Aug. See also, Washington Post 4 and Sept. 10, 1975.
- Quoted in From the Fields to the Picket Line: Huelga Women and the Boycott El Malcriado 1970 Aug. 15
- Quoted in El Malcriado 1970 Aug. 15
- For an example of advocacy for women's issues within the labor movement, see Gabin Nancy Wins and Losses: The UAW Women's Bureau After World War II, 1945–1950 “To Toil the Livelong Day”: America's Women at Work, 1780–1980 Groneman Carol Norton Mary Beth Cornell University Press Ithaca 1987 233 249 in
- See Coyle Laurie Hershatter Gayle Honig Emily Women at Farah: An Unfinished Story Mexican Women in the United States: Struggles Past and Present Mora Magdalena Del Castillo Adelaida R. UCLA Chicano Studies Research Center Los Angeles 1980 117 143 See also Vicki L. Ruiz, “Obreras y Madres: Labor Activism among Mexican Women and Its Impact on the Family,” in La Mexicana/Chicana, The Renato Rosaldo Lecture Series Monograph, 1, eds., Ignacio García and Raquel Rubio Goldsmith (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, Mexican American Studies Research Center, 1985), 19–38.