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ARTICLES

THE VOYAGE OF THE SNOW AFRICA

Pages 187-196 | Published online: 22 Mar 2013

References

  • I was able to see this log-book through the courtesy of the Director of the Bristol Museum
  • A privateer would often be at sea for a cruise of four months, while the triangular voyage in the Africa trade (Bristol—West Indies—Bristol) would last upwards of eight or nine months
  • M.M. 75 V. McGrath has shown this was true of Bristol merchants in the seventeenth century also. Cf. ‘The Merchant Venturers and Bristol Shipping in the Early Seventeenth Century,’ in Vol. XXXVI
  • 1760 . Additional restrictions were imposed on the slave trade by the various colonies. Pennsylvania (in, Connecticut (in 1769) Maryland (in 1771) and Jamaica (in 1774) passed legislation which increased the duty payable on the import of slaves
  • Damer Powell , J. W. Bristol Privateers and Ships of War 250 pp., 252
  • van Bea , A. B. Bristol Lists: Municipal and Miscellaneous.
  • R.O., CO 5/1449
  • Damer Powell , J. W. 237 op. cit. pp., 240
  • Rogers , B. M. H. “ The Privateering Voyages of the ” . In Tartar 236 – 43 . of Bristol', in MM. Vol. XVII
  • The Lives of the Norths Vol. 1 , 250 R. North, Vol.
  • Powell , Damer . 289 op. cit.
  • CO 5/1449
  • 1729 . A Gateway of Empire 202 The averae size of seventy-nine Bristol ships in the Africa trade from to 1769 was 101 tons. Cf. C. M. MacInnes
  • The Cotton Trade and Industrial Lancashire 1600–1780 151 All these were coarse cottons exported under their Indian names (cf. A. Wadsworth and J. de L. Mann, p.). The natives preferred Indian fabrics to English because they were cheaper
  • Defoe , D. A Tour of England and Wales 36 (Everyman ed.), Vol. II
  • Donnan , E. Documents illustrative of the history of the Slave Trade to America 311 IV pp.,454
  • 1 December 1774 . 1 December , Amended in the final account of to £4445. 14s. od.
  • Dysentery, to which the negroes were liable on the voyage
  • The men were normally paid half of the wages still owed to them in the West Indies
  • Some sugar was often available in April and May
  • The Combe pilot was responsible for pilotage from Lundy to Flatholm where the Pill pilot took over
  • 52 33 George II cap
  • 20 November 1789 . A West-India Fortune 20 November , 209 Cf. a letter of from John Pinney and Company, Bristol West India merchants, to Ulysses Lynch: ‘Our ships are entirely owned by ourselves which….makes it absolutely necessary that we should find freight both out and home for them, without which they must prove very sinking funds indeed.’ R. Pares
  • 18 January 1775 . 18 January , Society of Merchants, Bristol, Petition of
  • 231 Damer Powell, op. cit.

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