Patterns of Substrate Utilization by Some Fungal Endophytes from Coniferous Foliage

LITERATURE CITED

• Bernstein, M. E., and G. C. Carroll. 1977. Internal fungi in old-growth Douglas fir foliage. Canad. J. Bot. 55: 644–653.
   Google Scholar
• Carroll, F. E., E. Müller, and B. C. Sutton. 1977. Preliminary studies on the incidence of needle endophytes in some European conifers. Sydowia 29: 87–103.
   Google Scholar
• Carroll, G. C., and F. E. Carroll. 1978. Studies on the incidence of coniferous needle endophytes in the Pacific Northwest. Canad. J. Bot. 56: 3034–3043.
   Google Scholar
• Dix, N. J. 1979. Inhibition of fungi by gallic acid in relation to growth on leaves and litter. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 73: 329–336.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksson, K. E., and E. W. Goodell. 1974. Pleiotropic mutants of the wood-rotting fungus Polyporus adustus lacking cellulase, mannanase, and xylanase. Canad. J. Microbiol. 20: 371–378.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flanagan, P. W. 1981. Fungal taxa, physiological groups, and biomass: a comparison between ecosystems. Pp. 569–592. In: The fungal community. Eds., D. T. Wicklow and G. C. Carroll. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
   Google Scholar
• Gibbons, J. D. 1976. Nonparametric methods for quantitative analysis. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc., New York, New York. 463 p.
   Google Scholar
• Gochenaur, S. E. 1981. Response of soil fungal communities to disturbance. Pp. 459–479. In: The fungal community. Eds., D. T. Wicklow and G. C. Carroll. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
   Google Scholar
• Hacskaylo, E. 1973. Carbohydrate physiology of ectomycorrhizae. Pp. 207–230. In: Ectomycorrhizae. Eds., G. C. Marks and T. T. Kozlowski. Academic Press, New York and London.
   Google Scholar
• Hankin, L., and S. Anagnostakis. 1975. The use of solid media for detection of enzyme production by fungi. Mycologia 67: 597–607.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hankin, L., and S. Anagnostakis, M. Zucker, and D. C. Sands. 1971. Improved solid medium for the detection and enumeration of pectolytic bacteria. Appl. Microbiol. 22: 205–209.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harkin, J. M., and J. R. Obst. 1973. Syringaldazine, an effective reagent for detecting laccase and peroxidase in fungi. Experientia 29: 381–387.
   Google Scholar
• McNaughton, S. J., and L. L. Wolff. 1979. General ecology. 2nd ed. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc., New York, New York. 702 p.
   Google Scholar
• Millar, C. S. 1974. Decomposition of coniferous leaf litter. Pp. 105–128. In: Biology of plant litter decomposition. Eds., C. H. Dickinson and G. J. F. Pugh. Academic Press, New York and London.
   Google Scholar
• Nilsson, T. 1973. Studies on wood degradation and cellulolytic activity of microfungi. Stud. Forest. Suec. 104: 1–40.
   Google Scholar
• Nilsson, T.. 1974. The degradation of cellulose and the production of cellulase, xylanase, mannanase, and amylase by wood-rotting microfungi. Stud. Forest. Suec. 114: 1–61.
   Google Scholar
• Petrini, O., and G. Carroll. 1981. Endophytic fungi in foliage of some Cupressaceae in Oregon. Canad. J. Bot. 59: 629–636.
   Google Scholar
• Petrini, O., and G. Carroll, and M. Dreyfuss. 1981. Endophytische Pilze in epiphytischen Araceae, Bromeliaceae, und Orchidaceae. Sydowia 34: 135–148.
   Google Scholar
• Petrini, O., and G. Carroll, and M. Dreyfuss, E. Müller, and M. Luginbühl. 1979. Pilze als Endophyten von grünen Pflanzen. Naturwissenschaften 66: 262.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrini, O., and G. Carroll, and M. Dreyfuss, E. Müller, and M. Luginbühl, J. Stone, and F. E. Carroll. 1982. Endophytic fungi in evergreen shrubs in western Oregon: a preliminary study. Canad. J. Bot. 60: 789–796.
   Google Scholar
• Rautela, G. S., and E. B. Cowling. 1966. Simple cultural test for relative cellulolytic activity of fungi. Appl. Microbiol. 14: 892–898.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ruinen, J. 1963. The phyllosphere II. Yeasts from the phyllosphere of tropical foliage. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Ned. Tijdschr. Hyg. 29: 425–438.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruinen, J.. 1966. The phyllosphere IV. Cuticle decomposition by microorganisms in the phyllosphere. Ann. Inst. Pasteur (Suppl.) 111: 342–346.
   Google Scholar
• Sierra, G. 1957. A simple method for the detection of lipolytic activity of microorganisms and some observations on the influence of the contact between cells and fatty substances. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Ned. Tijdschr. Hyg. 23: 15–22.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Starmer, W. T. 1981. An analysis of the fundamental and reaHzed niche of cactophilic yeasts. Pp. 129–156. In: The fungal community. Eds., D. T. Wicklow and G. C. Carroll. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
   Google Scholar
• Sundman, V., and L. Näse. 1971. A simple plate-test for direct visualization of biological lignin degradation. Paper and Timber 53: 57–61.
   Google Scholar
• Swift, M. J. 1976. Species diversity and the structure of microbial communities in terrestrial habitats. Pp. 185–222. In: The role of terrestrial and aquatic organisms in decomposition. Eds., J. M. Anderson and A. Macfadyen. Blackwell Scientific Publ. Oxford.
   Google Scholar
• Tansey, M. R. 1971. Agar-diffusion assay of cellulolytic ability of thermophilic fungi. Arch. Mikrobiol. 77: 1–11.
   Google Scholar
• Van Uden, N., and J. W. Fell. 1968. Marine yeasts. Pp. 167–201. In: Advances in microbiology of the sea. Vol. 1. Eds., M. R. Droop and E. J. F. Woods. Academic Press, New York.
   Google Scholar