Use of residual leaf area index and light interception as criteria for spring-grazing management of a ryegrass-dominant pasture

References

• Arnold , G. W. Factors within plant association affecting the performance and grazing animals . British Ecological Society symposium No. 4 . Grazing in terrestrial and marine environments , Edited by: Crisp , D. J. In
   Google Scholar
• Baars , J. A. , Jagusch , K. T. , Dyson , C. B. and Farquhar , P. A. Pasture production sward dynamics under sheep grazing . Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production . Vol. 41 , pp. 101 – 111 .
   Google Scholar
• Boswell , C. C. and Crawford , A. J. M. Changes in the perennial ryegrass component of grazed pastures . Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association . Vol. 40 , pp. 125 – 135 .
   Google Scholar
• Brougham , R. W. 1960 . The effects of frequent hard grazing at different times of the year on the productivity and species yields of a grass-clover pasture . New Zealand journal of agricultural research , 3 : 125 – 136 .
   Google Scholar
• Brougham , R. W. Frequency and intensity of grazing and their effects on pasture production . Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association . Vol. 32 , pp. 137 – 144 .
   Google Scholar
• Brown , R. H. and Blaser , R. E. 1968 . Leaf area index and pasture growth . Herbage abstracts , 38 : 1 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Campbell , A. G. 1966 . Grazed pasture parameters. I. Pasture dry-matter production and availability in a stocking rate and grazing management experiment with dairy cows . Journal of agricultural science Cambridge , 67 : 199 – 210 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowie , J. D. 1978 . Soils and agriculture of Kairanga County, North Island, New Zealand . New Zealand Soil Bureau bulletin , 33
   Google Scholar
• Hall , A. M. 1973 . The principles of pasture growth . Dairyfarming annual , 25 : 102 – 105 .
   Google Scholar
• Harris , W. An approach to evaluate a large number of mixtures under grazing . Proceedings of the XIII International Grassland Congress . Leipzig. pp. 389 – 393 . Berlin : Akadamie-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Hodgson , J. 1979 . Nomenclature and definitions in grazing studies . Grass and forage science , 34 : 11 – 18 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodgson , J. , Bircham , J. S. , Grant , S. A. and King , J. The influence of cutting and grazing management on herbage growth and utilisation . Proceedings of the British Grassland Society occassional symposium . Nottingham. pp. 51 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• Holmes , C. W. and McClenaghan , R. J. 1979 . Grazing management and growth of pasture . Dairyfarming annual , 31 : 79 – 80 .
   Google Scholar
• Hunt , L. A. and Brougham , R. W. 1967 . Some changes in the structure of a perennial ryegrass sward frequently but leniently defoliated during summer . New Zealand journal of agricultural research , 10 : 397 – 404 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt , W. F. 1970 . The influence of leaf death on the rate of accumulation of green herbage during pasture regrowth . Journal of applied ecology , 7 : 41 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , D. K. Some aspects of production and persistency in relation to height of defoliation of Lolium perenne (Var. S23) . Proceedings of the XII International Grassland Congress . Moscow. Vol. I , pp. 274 – 284 .
   Google Scholar
• Jagush , K. T. , Rattray , P. V. , MacLean , K. S. and Joyce , J. P. The dynamics of pasture production under sheep . Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production . Vol. 38 , pp. 129 – 138 .
   Google Scholar
• Jones , G. G. and Haydock , K. P. 1970 . Yield estimation of tropical and temperate pasture species using an electronic capacitance meter . Journal of agricultural science, Cambridge , 75 : 27 – 36 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korte , C. J. 1981 . Studies of late spring grazing management in perennial ryegrass dominant pasture , Massey University Library . Unpublished PhD thesis
   Google Scholar
• Langer , R. H. M. 1963 . Tillering in herbage grasses . Herbage abstracts , 33 : 141 – 148 .
   Google Scholar
• Lewis , K. H. C. and Cullen , N. A. Lamb growth on“long” and“short” grazed pastures of ryegrass or timothy/cocksfoot . Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association . Vol. 34 , pp. 199 – 204 .
   Google Scholar
• Mitamura , T. 1972 . The effect of cutting on the dry matter production of orchardgrass sward (Dactylis glomerata L.) . Bulletin of Institute for Agricultural Research, Tohoku University , 24 : 55 – 93 .
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell , K. J. and Glenday , A. C. 1958 . The tiller population of pastures . New Zealand journal of agricultural research , 1 : 305 – 318 .
   Google Scholar
• Morris , R. M. 1970 . The use of cutting treatments designed to simulate defoliation by sheep . Journal of the British Grassland Society , 25 : 198 – 206 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ollerenshaw , J. H. and Hodgson , D. R. 1977 . The effects of constant and varying heights of cut on the yield of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) . Journal of agricultural science, Cambridge , 89 : 425 – 435 .
   Google Scholar
• Rattray , P. V. Pasture constraints to sheep production . Proceedings Agronomy Society of New Zealand . Vol. 8 , pp. 103 – 108 .
   Google Scholar
• Saxby , S. H. 1948 . Pasture Production in N.Z . New Zealand Department of Agriculture bulletin no. 250. ,
   Google Scholar
• Scales , G. H. , Moss , R. A. and Burton , R. N. Summer ill-thirft in lambs . Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production . Vol. 41 , pp. 112 – 116 .
   Google Scholar
• Scotter , D. R. , Clothier , B. E. and Corker , P. B. 1979a . Soil water in a Fragiaqualf . Australian journal of soil research , 17 : 443 – 453 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scotter , D. R. , Clothier , B. E. and Turner , M. A. 1979b . The soil water balance in a Fragiaqualf and its effect on pasture growth in Central New Zealand . Australian journal of soil research , 17 : 455 – 465 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheard , R. W. and Winch , J. E. 1966 . The use of light interception, grass morphology and time as criteria for the harvesting of timothy, smooth brome and cocksfoot . Journal of the British Grassland Society , 21 : 231 – 237 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tainton , N. M. A comparison of different pasture rotations . Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association . Vol. 35 , pp. 204 – 210 .
   Google Scholar
• Tainton , N. M. 1974b . Effects of different grazing rotations on pasture production . Journal of the British Grassland Society , 29 : 191 – 202 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terai , K. 1977 . Judgement of artificial grassland productiveness (2). Influence of plant density and cutting time on dry matter production of orchard-grass sward (Dactylis glomerata L.) . Reports of the Institute for Agricultural Research, Tohoku University , 28 : 9 – 27 .
   Google Scholar
• Thompson , K. and Grime , J. P. 1979 . Seasonal variation in the seed banks of herbaceous species in ten contrasting habitats . Journal of ecology , 67 : 893 – 922 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomson , N. A. Factors affecting animal production, intake and utilisation by ewes grazing grass/clover and lucerne pastures . Proceedings of the New Zealand Grasslands Association . Vol. 39 , pp. 86 – 97 .
   Google Scholar
• Wilson , D. B. and McGuire , W. S. 1961 . Effects of clipping and nitrogen on competition between three pasture species . Canadian journal of plant science , 41 : 631 – 642 .
   Google Scholar
• Woledge , J. 1977 . The effects of shading and cutting treatments on the photosynthetic rate of ryegrass leaves . Annals of botany , 41 : 1279 – 1286 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar