Impact of farm‐dairy effluent application on the amounts and forms of phosphorus loss by leaching from irrigated grassland

References

• Cameron , K. C. , Smith , N. P. , McLay , C. D. A. , Fraser , P. M. , McPherson , R. J. , Harrison , D. F. and Harbottle , P. 1992 . Lysimeters without edge‐flow: an improved design and sampling procedure. . Soil Science Society of America Journal , 56 : 1625 – 1628 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron , K. C. , Di , H. J. and Condron , L. M. 2002 . “ Nutrient and pesticide transfer from agricultural soils to water in New Zealand ” . In Agriculture, hydrology and water quality , Edited by: Haygarth , P. M. and Jarvis , S. C. 373 – 393 . Wallingford, , UK : CAB International .
   Google Scholar
• Condron , L. M. 2004 . “ Phosphorus—surplus and deficiency ” . In Managing soil quality‐challenges in modern agriculture , Edited by: Schjonning , P. , Christensen , B. T. and Elmholt , S. 69 – 84 . Wallingford, , UK : CAB International .
   Google Scholar
• De Clerq , P. , Gertsis , A. C. , Hofman , G. , Jarvis , S. C. , Neeteson , J. J. and Sinabell , F. 2001 . Nutrient management legislation in European countries 347 Wageningen Press, , The Netherlands
   Google Scholar
• Djodjic , F. , Borling , K. and Bergstrom , L. 2004 . Phosphorus leaching in relation to soil type and soil phosphorus content. . Journal of Environmental Quality , 33 : 678 – 684 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebina , J. T. , Tsutsui , T. and Shirai , T. 1983 . Simultaneous determination of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in water using peroxodisulfate oxidation. . Water Research , 17 : 1721 – 1726 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards , D. R. and Daniel , T. C. 1993 . Effects of litter application rate and rainfall intensity on quality of runoff from fescue grass plots. . Journal of Environmental Quality , 22 : 361 – 365 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fardeau , J. C. 1996 . Dynamics of phosphate in soils. An isotopic outlook. . Fertilizer Research , 45 : 1 – 100 .
   Google Scholar
• Fox , R. L. 1981 . “ External phosphorus requirements of crops ” . In Chemistry in the soil environment , 224 – 239 . Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy .
   Google Scholar
• Frossard , E. , Feller , C. , Tiessen , H. , Stewart , J. W. B. , Fardeau , J. C. and Morel , J. L. 1993 . Can an isotopic method allow for the determination of the phosphate fixing capacity of soils? . Communications in Soil Science & Plant Analysis , 24 : 367 – 377 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frossard , E. and Sinaj , S. 1997 . The isotopic exchange technique: a method to describe the availability of inorganic nutrients. Applications to K, PO4 SO4 and Zn. . Environmental Health Studies , 33 : 61 – 77 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heathwaite , A. L. and Dils , R. M. 2000 . Characterizing phosphorus loss in surface and subsurface hydrological pathways. . Science of the Total Environment , 251 : 523 – 538 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernandez , I. , Christmas , M. , Yelloly , J. M. and Whitton , B. A. 1997 . Factors affecting surface alkaline phosphatase activity in the brown alga Fucus spiralis at a North Sea intertidal site (Tyne sands, Scotland). . Journal of Phycology , 33 : 569 – 575 .
   Google Scholar
• Leinweber , P. , Meissner , R. , Eckhardt , K. U. and Seeger , J. 1999 . Management effects on forms of phosphorus in soil and leaching losses. . European Journal of Soil Science , 50 : 413 – 424 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy , J. and Riley , J. P. 1962 . A modified single solution method for determination of phosphate in natural waters. . Analytica Chimica Acta , 27 : 31 – 36 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohno , T. and Zibilske , L. M. 1991 . Determination of low concentrations of phosphorus in soil extracts using malachite green. . Soil Science Society of America Journal , 55 : 892 – 895 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen , S. R. , Cole , C. V. , Watanabe , F. S. and Dean , L. A. 1954 . Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate , Washington DC : United States Department of Agriculture . Circular no. 939
   Google Scholar
• Salcedo , I. H. , Bertino , F. and Sampaio , E. S. V. B. 1991 . Reactivity of phosphorus in northeastern Brazilian soils assessed by isotopic dilution . Soil Science Society of America Journal , 55 : 140 – 145 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders , W. M. H. and Williams , E. G. 1955 . Observations on the determination of total organic phosphorus in soils. . Journal of Soil Science , 6 : 254 – 267 .
   Google Scholar
• Shan , Y. , McKelvie , I. D. and Hart , B. T. 1994 . Determination of alkaline phosphatase‐hydrolyzable phosphorus in natural water systems by enzymatic flow injection. . Limnology and Oceanography , 39 : 1993 – 2000 .
   Google Scholar
• Sharpley , A. N. 1997 . Rainfall frequency and nitrogen and phosphorus runoff from soil amended with poultry litter. . Journal of Environmental Quality , 26 : 1127 – 1132 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharpley , A. N. , Gburek , W. J. , Folmar , G. and Pionke , H. B. 1999 . Sources of phosphorus exported from an agricultural watershed in Pennsylvania. . Agricultural Water Management , 41 : 77 – 89 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simard , R. R. , Beauchemin , S. and Haygarth , P. M. 2000 . Potential for preferential pathways of phosphorus transport. . Journal of Environmental Quality , 29 : 97 – 105 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sims , J. T. , Simard , R. R. and Joern , B. C. 1998 . Phosphorus loss in agricultural drainage ‐ historical perspective and current research. . Journal of Environmental Quality , 27 : 277 – 293 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinaj , S. , Stamm , C. , Toor , G. S. , Condron , L. M. , Hendry , T. , Di , H. J. , Cameron , K. C. and Frossard , E. 2002 . Phosphorus exchangeability and leaching losses from two grassland soils . Journal of Environmental Quality , 31 : 319 – 330 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toor , G. S. , Condron , L. M. , Di , H. J. , Cameron , K. C. and Cade‐Menun , B. J. 2003 . Characterization of organic phosphorus in leachate from a grassland soil. . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 35 : 1317 – 1323 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toor , G. S. , Condron , L. M. , Di , H. J. and Cameron , K. C. 2004a . Seasonal fluctuations in phosphorus loss by leaching from a grassland soil. . Soil Science Society of America Journal , 68 : 1429 – 1436 .
   Google Scholar
• Toor , G. S. , Condron , L. M. , Cade‐Menun , B. J. , Di , H. J. and Cameron , K. C. 2004b . Preferential phosphorus leaching from an irrigated grassland soil . European Journal of Soil Science , doi: 10.1111/j.1365–2389.2004.00656.x.
   Google Scholar
• Toor , G. S. , Condron , L. M. , Di , H. J. , Cameron , K. C. and Sims , J. T. 2004c . Assessment of phosphorus leaching losses from a free draining grassland soil. . Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems , 69 : 167 – 184 .
   Google Scholar
• Toor , G. S. , Sims , J. T. and Dou , Z. 2004d . Reducing phosphorus in dairy diets improves farm nutrient balances and decreases the risk of nonpoint pollution of surface and ground waters. . Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment , doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2004.06.003.
   Google Scholar
• Tran , T. S. , Fardeau , J. C. and Giroux , M. 1988 . Effects of soil properties on plant‐available phosphorus determined by the isotopic dilution phosphorus‐32 method. . Soil Science Society of America Journal , 52 : 1383 – 1390 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner , B. L. and Haygarth , P. M. 2000 . Phosphorus forms and concentrations in leachate under four grassland soil types. . Soil Science Society of America Journal , 64 : 1090 – 1099 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitton , B. A. , Grainger , S. L. J. , Hawley , G. R. W. and Simon , J. W. 1991 . Cell‐bound and extracellular phosphatase activities of cyanobacterial isolates. . Microbial Ecology , 21 : 85 – 98 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar