Recovery of pasture production and soil properties on soil slip scars in erodible siltstone hill country, Wairarapa, New Zealand

References

• Baisden W , Parfitt R , Trustrum NA 2002 . Are eroding landscapes C sources or sinks: testing the ‘dynamic equilibrium’ hypothesis in highly erodible New Zealand pasture . Proceedings of 87th annual meeting of the Ecological Society of America and 14th Annual International Conference of the Society for Ecological Restoration . Tus con, Arizona. Ecological Society of America. http://abstracts.co.allenpress.com/pweb/esa2002/document/17238 (accessed 17 December 2010). .
   Google Scholar
• Beets , PN , Olivera , GR and Clinton , PW . 2002 . Soil carbon protection in podocarp/hardwood forest, and effects of conversion to pasture and exotic pine forest . Environmental Pollution , 116 : S63 – S73 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blakemore LC Searle PL Daly BK Methods for chemical analysis of soils New Zealand Soil Bureau, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Lower Hutt, , New Zealand 103 New Zealand Soil Bureau Scientific Report 80
   Google Scholar
• Blaschke , PM , Trustrum , NA and De Rose , RC . 1992 . Ecosystem processes and sustainable land use in New Zealand steeplands . Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment , 41 : 153 – 178 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Rose , RC , Trustrum , NA , Thomson , RC and Roberts , AHC . 1995 . Effect of landslide erosion on Taranaki hill pasture production and composition . New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research , 38 : 457 – 471 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas , GB , Trustrum , NA and Brown , IC . 1986 . Effect of soil slip erosion on Wairoa hill pasture production and composition . New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research , 29 : 183 – 192 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart PB , West AW , Ross DJ , Sparling GP , Speir TW 1990 . The importance of organic matter for restoration of soil fertility in drastically disturbed New Zealand landscapes . In : Gregg PEH , Stewart RB , Currie LD Proceedings of conference on Issues in the Restoration of Disturbed Land . Fertilizer and Lime Research Centre, Massey University , Palmerston North . Occasional report no. 4 269 285 .
   Google Scholar
• Lambert , MG , Trustrum , NA and Costall , DA . 1984 . Effect of soil slip erosion on seasonally dry Wairarapa hill pastures . New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research , 27 : 57 – 64 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambert , MG , Trustrum , NA , Costall , DA and Foote , AG . 1993 . Revegetation of landslide scars in Wairarapa hill country . Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association , 55 : 177 – 181 .
   Google Scholar
• Metservice 2010 . http://www.metservice.com/ ( accessed 12 September 2010 ).
   Google Scholar
• Moir , JL , Scotter , DR , Hedley , MJ and Mackey , AD . 2000 . A climate-driven, soil fertility dependent, pasture production model . New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research , 43 : 491 – 500 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mullan B , Porteous A , Wratt D , Hollis M 2005 . Changes in drought risk with climate change . : Prepared for Ministry for the Environment (NZ Climate Change Office) and Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry NIWA Client Report: WLG2005-23
   Google Scholar
• NIWA (National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research) 2010 . http://cliflo.niwa.co.nz/ (accessed 17 December 2010 ).
   Google Scholar
• NSD, Landcare Research 2008 , http://soils.landcareresearch.co.nz/contents/SoilData_NSD_About.aspx (accessed July 2008).
   Google Scholar
• NWSCO (National Water and Soil Conservation Organisation) 1979 . Our land resources, a bulletin to accompany New Zealand Land Resource Inventory worksheets . NWSCO , Wellington .
   Google Scholar
• Page , MJ , Reid , LM and Lynn , IH . 1999 . Sediment production from cyclone bola landslides, Waipaoa catchment . Journal of Hydrology (NZ) , 38 ( 2 ) : 289 – 308 .
   Google Scholar
• Parfitt , RL , Roberts , AHC , Thompson , NA and Cook , FJ . 1985 . Water use, irrigation, and pasture production on Stratford silt loam . New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research , 28 : 393 – 401 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payne R , Murray D , Harding S , Baird D , Soutar D , Land P 2002 . Genstat for Windows , 6th edn Lawes Agricultural Trust , Oxford, , UK .
   Google Scholar
• RDCT R (Development Core Team) 2009 . R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, R Foundation for Statistical Computing . http://www.R-project.org (accessed 17 December 2010 ).
   Google Scholar
• Rosser B , Ross C 2008 . Recovery of topsoil characteristics on landslide scars in erodible siltstone hill country, Wairarapa . Landcare Research Lincoln, , New Zealand 29 Landcare Research Contract Report LC0708/159
   Google Scholar
• Rosser B , Ross C 2009 . Recovery of pasture productivity on landslide scars in erodible siltstone hill country, Wairarapa . Landcare Research Lincoln, , New Zealand 25 Landcare Research Contract Report LC0910/038
   Google Scholar
• SCRCC (Soil Conservation and Rivers Control Council) 1974 . Land use capability survey handbook. A New Zealand handbook for the classification of land . SCRCC , Wellington .
   Google Scholar
• Singh , KP , Mandal , TN and Tripathi , SK . 2001 . Patterns of restoration of soil physicochemical properties and microbial biomass in different landslide sites in the sal forest ecosystem of Nepal Himalaya . Ecological Engineering , 17 : 385 – 401 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smale , MC , McLeod , M and Smale , PN . 1997 . Vegetation and soil recovery on shallow landslide scars in Tertiary hill country, East Cape region, New Zealand . New Zealand Journal of Ecology , 21 ( 1 ) : 31 – 41 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sparling , G , Ross , D , Trustrum , N , Arnold , G , West , A , Speir , T and Schipper , L . 2003 . Recovery of topsoil characteristics after landslip erosion in dry hill country of New Zealand, and a test of the space-for-time hypothesis . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 35 : 1575 – 1586 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephens , PR , Trustrum , NA and Hicks , DL . 1983 . Experimental aerial photographic survey of erosion and catchment condition, Gladstone District, Wairarapa . Water and Soil Miscellaneous Publication , 52 : 129 – 154 .
   Google Scholar
• Tate , KR , Parshotam , A and Ross , DJ . 1995 . Soil carbon storage and turnover in temperate forests and grasslands—a New Zealand perspective . Journal of Biogeography , 22 : 695 – 700 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trustrum , NA and De Rose , RC . 1988 . Soil depth: age relationship of landslides on deforested hillslopes, Taranaki, New Zealand . Geomorphology , 1 : 143 – 160 .
   Google Scholar
• Trustrum , NA and Stephens , PR . 1981 . Selection of hill-country pasture measurement sites by interpretation of sequential aerial photographs . New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture , 9 : 31 – 34 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trustrum NA , Lambert MG , Thomas VJ 1983 The impact of soil slip erosion on hill country pasture production in New Zealand Proceedings of the second International Conference on Soil Erosion and Conservation, Honolulu, Hawaii, January 1983 SA El-Swaify WC Moldenhauer A Lo Ankerly Soil Conservation Society of America Iowa 1985 . 793 .
   Google Scholar
• Trustrum NA , Blaschke PM , De Rose RC , West AW 1990 . Regolith changes and pastoral productivity declines following deforestation in steeplands of north Island, New Zealand . Transactions of 14th international soil science congress. International Soil Science Society, Kyoto, Japan, August 1990. Section I : 125 130
   Google Scholar
• Vincent KW , Milne JDG 1990 . Soil pattern of Te Whanga trail site, Wairarapa: soil landscapes, effects of erosion, and soil amelioration in steep eroded siltstone hill country . Unpublished DSIR Land Resources report .
   Google Scholar
• Yadav , V and Malanson , GP . 2009 . Modeling impacts of erosion and deposition on soil organic carbon in the Big Creek Basin of southern Illinois . Geomorphology , 106 : 304 – 314 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeates , GW . 1991 . Impact of historical changes in land use on the soil fauna . New Zealand Journal of Ecology , 15 ( 1 ) : 99 – 106 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar