313
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research articles

Changes in the abundance and diversity of earthworms in hill soils under different long-term fertiliser and sheep stocking regimes

ORCID Icon, &
Pages 162-177 | Received 14 Nov 2018, Accepted 07 Feb 2019, Published online: 26 Feb 2019

References

  • Baker G, Carter P, Barrett V, Hirth J, Mele P, Gourley C. 2002. Does the deep-burrowing earthworm, Aporrectodea longa, compete with resident earthworm communities when introduced to pastures in south-eastern Australia? European Journal of Soil Biology. 38:39–42. doi: 10.1016/S1164-5563(01)01121-9
  • Bardgett RD. 2005. The biology of soil: A community and ecosystem approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bardgett RD, Chan KF. 1999. Experimental evidence that soil fauna enhance nutrient mineralization and plant nutrient uptake in montane grassland ecosystems. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 31:1007–1014. doi: 10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00014-0
  • Barrios E. 2007. Soil biota, ecosystem services and land productivity. Ecological Economics. 64:269–285. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.03.004
  • Beare MH, McNeill SJ, Curtin D, Parfitt RL, Jones HS, Dodd MB, Sharp J. 2014. Estimating the organic carbon stabilisation capacity and saturation deficit of soils: A New Zealand case study. Biogeochemistry. 120:71–87. doi: 10.1007/s10533-014-9982-1
  • Blouin M, Hodson ME, Delgado EA, Baker G, Brussaard L, Butt KR, Dai J, Dendooven L, Peres G, Tondoh JE, et al. 2013. A review of earthworm impact on soil function and ecosystem services. European Journal of Soil Science. 64:161–182. doi: 10.1111/ejss.12025
  • Bronick CJ, Lal R. 2005. Soil structure and management: A review. Geoderma. 124:3–22. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.03.005
  • Caradus JR, Woodfield DR. 1998. Genetic control of adaptive root characteristics in white clover. Plant and Soil. 200:63–69. doi: 10.1023/A:1004296707631
  • Chan KY, Barchia I. 2007. Soil compaction controls the abundance, biomass and distribution of earthworms in a single dairy farm in south-eastern Australia. Soil and Tillage Research. 94:75–82. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2006.07.006
  • Condron LM, Black A, Wakelin SA. 2012. Effects of long-term fertiliser inputs on the quantities of organic carbon in a soil profile under irrigated grazed pasture. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research. 55:161–164. doi: 10.1080/00288233.2012.662898
  • Curry JP, Doherty P, Purvis G, Schmidt O. 2008. Relationships between earthworm populations and management intensity in cattle-grazed pastures in Ireland. Applied Soil Ecology. 39:58–64. doi: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.11.005
  • Drewry JJ, Cameron KC, Buchan GD. 2008. Pasture yield and soil physical property responses to soil compaction from treading and grazing - a review. Australian Journal of Soil Research. 46:237–256. doi: 10.1071/SR07125
  • Edwards CA, Bohlen PJ. 1996. Biology and Ecology of earthworms. London, UK: Chapman & Hall.
  • Edwards CA, Bohlen PJ, Linden DR, Subler S. 1995. Earthworms in agroecosystems. In: Hendrix P. F., editor. Earthworm Ecology and Biogeography in North America. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers; p. 185–213.
  • Giannopoulos G, Pulleman MM, Van Groenigen JW. 2010. Interactions between residue placement and earthworm ecological strategy affect aggregate turnover and N2O dynamics in agricultural soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 42:618–625. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.12.015
  • Giller KE, Beare MH, Lavelle P, Izac AMN, Swift MJ. 1997. Agricultural intensification, soil biodiversity and agroecosystem function. Applied Soil Ecology. 6:3–16. doi: 10.1016/S0929-1393(96)00149-7
  • Greenwood KL, McKenzie BM. 2001. Grazing effects on soil physical properties and the consequences for pastures: a review. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture. 41:1231–1250. doi: 10.1071/EA00102
  • Laakso J, Setälä H, Palojarvi A. 2000. Influence of decomposer food web structure and nitrogen availability on plant growth. Plant and Soil. 225:153–165. doi: 10.1023/A:1026534812422
  • Lambert M. 1986. Earthworms in southern North Island hill pastures. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association. 47:279–282. doi: 10.33584/jnzg.1986.47.1740
  • Lambert MG, Barker DJ, Mackay AD, Springett J. 1996. Biophysical indicators of sustainability of North Island hill pasture systems. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association. 57:31–36.
  • Lambert MG, Clark DA, Grant DA, Costall DA, Fletcher RH. 1983. Influence of fertilizer and grazing management on North Island moist hill country.1. Herbage accumulation. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research. 26:95–108. doi: 10.1080/00288233.1983.10420958
  • Lambert MG, Clark DA, Mackay AD. 1990. Long term effects of withholding phosphate application on North Island hill country: Ballantrae. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association. 51:25–28. doi: 10.33584/jnzg.1990.51.1912
  • Lambert MG, Mackay AD, Ganesh S, Upsdell MP. 2014. Responses of grazed New Zealand hill pastures to rates of superphosphate application. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research. 57:149–164. doi: 10.1080/00288233.2014.898663
  • Laossi K-R, Barot S, Carvalho D, Desjardins T, Lavelle P, Martins M, Mitja D, Rendeiro AC, Rousseau G, Sarrazin M, et al. 2008. Effects of plant diversity on plant biomass production and soil macrofauna in Amazonian pastures. Pedobiologia. 51:397–407. doi: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2007.11.001
  • Lee KE. 1961. Interactions between native and introduced earthworms. New Zealand Journal of Ecology. 8:60–62.
  • Lowe CN, Butt KR. 2002. Influence of organic matter on earthworm production and behaviour: a laboratory-based approach with applications for soil restoration. European Journal of Soil Biology. 38:173–176. doi: 10.1016/S1164-5563(02)01141-X
  • Lubbers IM, Pulleman MM, Van Groenigen JW. 2017. Can earthworms simultaneously enhance decomposition and stabilization of plant residue carbon? Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 105:12–24. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.11.008
  • Mackay AD, Costall DA. 2016. Long-term changes in soil fertility in hill country. Hill Country - Grassland Practice and Research Series. 16:157–162.
  • Mackay AD, Costall DA, Koolaard JP. 2016. Agresearch Ballantrae long-term phosphorus fertiliser and sheep grazing study: monitoring in 2015-2016. In: RE500/2016/16336 report prepared for The fertiliser association of New Zealand Incorporated. Palmerston North: AgResearch; p. 9.
  • Mackay AD, Lambert MG, Barker DJ. 1999. Effect of intensification of livestock farming on the physical properties of a hill soil. Proceedings of the Fertiliser and Lime Research Centre Conference. 12:311–315.
  • Mackay AD, Vibart R, McKenzie C. 2018. Changes in soil carbon in hill-country under contrasting phosphorus fertiliser and sheep stocking rates. Journal of New Zealand Grasslands. 80:263–268.
  • Olsen SR, Cole CV, Watanabe FS, Dean LA. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium hydrogen carbonate. United States: Department of Agriculture. Circular No. 939, p. 19.
  • Parfitt RL, Yeates GW, Ross DJ, Schon NL, Mackay AD, Wardle DA. 2010. Effect of fertilizer, herbicide and grazing management of pastures on plant and soil communities. Applied Soil Ecology. 45:175–186. doi: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.03.010
  • Parsons AJ, Leafe EL, Collett B, Penning PD, Lewis J. 1983. The physiology of grass production under grazing. 2. Photosynthesis, crop growth and animal intake of continuously-grazed swards. Journal of Applied Ecology. 20:127–139. doi: 10.2307/2403381
  • Rizhiya E, Bertora C, van Vliet PCJ, Kuikman PJ, Faber JH, van Groenigen JW. 2007. Earthworm activity as a determinant for N2O emission from crop residue. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 39:2058–2069. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.008
  • Schipper LA, Mudge PL, Kirschbaum MUF, Hedley CB, Golubiewski NE, Smaill SJ, Kelliher FM. 2017. A review of soil carbon change in New Zealand’s grazed grasslands. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research. 60(2):93–118. doi: 10.1080/00288233.2017.1284134
  • Schon NL, Bartlam S, Deakin EL, Gray RA, Mackay AD, van Koten C. 2017. Do exotic earthworms invade New Zealand native forests? New Zealand Natural Sciences Journal. 42:6–17.
  • Schon NL, Curtin D, Beare MH, Mackay AD, Gray RA, Dodd MB, van Koten C. Forthcoming. Earthworm induced transfer of dung-carbon into particle size fractions Pedobiologia.
  • Schon NL, Gray RA, Mackay AD. 2016. Earthworms stimulate pasture production in sheep and beef systems: their economic value. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association. 78:89–92. doi: 10.33584/jnzg.2016.78.523
  • Schon NL, Mackay AD, Gray RA, Dodd MB, van Koten C. 2015. Quantifying dung carbon incorporation by earthworms. European Journal of Soil Science. 66:348–358. doi: 10.1111/ejss.12217
  • Schon NL, Mackay AD, Minor MA. 2011. Earthworms in New Zealand sheep- and dairy-grazed pastures with focus on anecic Aporrectodea longa. Pedobiologia. 54:S131–S137. doi: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2011.09.007
  • Schon NL, Mackay AD, Minor MA. 2012. Relationship between food resource, soil physical condition and invertebrates in pastoral soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 76:1644–1654.
  • Schon NL, Mackay AD, Minor MA, Yeates GW, Hedley MJ. 2008. Soil fauna in grazed New Zealand hill country pastures at two management intensities. Applied Soil Ecology. 40:218–228. doi: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.04.007
  • Springett JA. 1981. A new method for extracting earthworms from soil cores, with a comparison of 4 commonly used methods for estimating earthworm populations. Pedobiologia. 21:217–222.
  • Springett JA. 1983. Effect of five species of earthworm on some soil properties. Journal of Applied Ecology. 20:865–872. doi: 10.2307/2403131
  • Springett JA. 1992. Distribution of lumbricid earthworms in New Zealand. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 24:1377–1381. doi: 10.1016/0038-0717(92)90121-D
  • Springett J, Gray R. 1997. The interaction between plant roots and earthworm burrows in pasture. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 29:621–625. doi: 10.1016/S0038-0717(96)00235-0
  • Springett JA, Gray RAJ, Barker DJ, Lambert MG, Mackay AD, Thomas VJ. 1998. Population density and distribution of the New Zealand indigenous earthworm Octochaetus multiporus (Megascolecidae: Oligochaeta) in hill pastures. New Zealand Journal of Ecology. 22:87–93.
  • Stockdill SMJ. 1982. Effects of introduced earthworms on the productivity of New Zealand pastures. Pedobiologia. 24:281–299.
  • van Breemen N, Buurman P. 2002. Soil Formation. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  • van Groenigen JW, Lubbers IM, Vos HMJ, Brown GG, De Deyn GB, van Groenigen KJ. 2014. Earthworms increase plant production: a meta-analysis. Scientific Reports. 4:1–7.
  • Wardle DA, Bardgett RD, Klironomos JN, Setälä H, van der Putten WH, Wall DH. 2004. Ecological linkages between aboveground and belowground biota. Science. 304:1629–1633. doi: 10.1126/science.1094875
  • Waters RAS. 1955. Numbers and weights of earthworms under a highly productive pasture. New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology. 36:516–525.
  • Yeates GW. 2003. Nematodes as soil indicators: functional and biodiversity aspects. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 37:199–210. doi: 10.1007/s00374-003-0586-5

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.