Immature leaves of Weinmannia racemosa are more heat tolerant than mature leaves based on differences in chlorophyll a fluorescence and solute leakage

References

• Bagard , M , Le Thiec , D , Delacote , E , Hasenfratz-Sauder , M-P , Bonvoy , J , Gérard , J , Dizengremel , P and Jolivet , Y . 2008 . Ozone-induced changes in photosynthesis and photorespiration of hybrid poplar in relation to the developmental stages of the leaves . Physiologia Plantarum , 134 : 559 – 574 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barker , DH , Seaton , GGR and Robinson , SA . 1997 . Internal and external photoprotection of developing leaves of the CAM plant Cotyledon orbiculata . Plant, Cell & Environment , 20 : 617 – 624 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bligh , EG and Dyer , WJ . 1959 . A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification . Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology , 37 : 911 – 917 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Blum , A and Ebercon , A . 1981 . Cell membrane stability as a measure of drought and heat tolerance in wheat . Crop Science , 21 : 43 – 47 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boa , Y and Nilsen , ET . 1988 . The ecophysiological significance of leaf movements in Rhododendron maximum . Ecology , 69 : 1578 – 1587 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carreau , JP and Dubacq , JP . 1978 . Adaptation of macro-scale method to the micro-scale for the fatty acid methyl transesterification of biological lipid extracts . Journal of Chromatography , 151 : 384 – 390 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chalker-Scott , L . 1999 . Environmental significance of anthocyanins in plant stress responses . Photochemistry and Photobiology , 70 : 1 – 9 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choinski , JS Jr , Ralph , P and Eamus , D . 2003 . Changes in photosynthesis during leaf expansion in Corymbia gummifera . Australian Journal of Botany , 51 : 111 – 118 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choinski , JS Jr and Wise , RR . 1999 . Leaf growth and development in relation to gas exchange in Quercus marilandica . Journal of Plant Physiology , 154 : 302 – 309 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daas , C , Montpied , P , Hauchi , B and Dryer , E . 2008 . Responses of photosynthesis to high temperatures in oak saplings assessed by chlorophyll-a fluorescence: inter-specific diversity and temperature-induced plasticity . Annals of Forest Science , 65 : 305
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demmig-Adams , B and Adams , WW . 1998 . Survey of thermal energy dissipation and pigment composition in sun and shade leaves . Plant and Cell Physiology , 39 : 474 – 482 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillenburg , LR , Sullivan , JH and Teramura , AH . 1995 . Leaf expansion and development of photosynthetic capacity and pigments in Liquidambar styraciflua (Hammamelidaceae) . American Journal of Botany , 82 : 433 – 440 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dodd , IC , Critchley , C , Woodall , GS and Stewart , GR . 1998 . Photoinhibition in different coloured juvenile leaves of Syzygium species . Journal of Experimental Botany , 49 : 1437 – 1445 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ehleringer , JR and Mooney , HA . 1978 . Leaf hairs: effects on physiological activity and adaptive value to a desert shrub . Oecologia , 37 : 183 – 201 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Froux , F , Ducrey , M , Epron , D and Dreyer , E . 2004 . Seasonal variations and acclimation potential of the thermostability of photochemistry in four Mediterranean conifers . Annals of Forest Science , 61 : 235 – 241 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Genty , B , Briantais , JM and Baker , NR . 1989 . The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta , 990 : 87 – 92 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gould , K . 2004 . Nature's Swiss army knife: the diverse protective roles of anthocyanins in leaves . Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology , 5 : 314 – 320 .
   Google Scholar
• Green , TGA and Jane , GT . 1983 . Changes in osmotic potential during bud break and leaf development of Nothofagus menziesii, Weinmannia racemosa, Quintinia acutifolia, and Ixerba brexioides . New Zealand Journal of Botany , 21 : 391 – 395 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haldimann , P and Feller , U . 2004 . Inhibition of photosynthesis by high leaf temperature in oak (Quercus pubescens L.) leaves grown under natural conditions closely correlates with a reversible heat-dependent reduction of the activation state of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase . Plant, Cell & Environment , 27 : 1169 – 1183 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haldimann , P and Feller , U . 2005 . Growth at moderately elevated temperature alters the physiological response of the photosynthetic apparatus to heat stress in pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaves . Plant, Cell & Environment , 28 : 302 – 317 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Havaux , M and Tardy , F . 1996 . Temperature-dependent adjustment of the thermal stability of photosystem II in vivo: possible involvement of xanthophyll-cycle pigments . Planta , 186 : 324 – 333 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heckathorn , SA , Ryan , SL , Baylis , JA , Wang , D , Hamilton , EW , Cundiff , L and Luthe , DS . 2002 . In vivo evidence from an Agrostis stolonifera selection genotype that chloroplast small heat-shock proteins can protect photosystem II during heat stress . Functional Plant Biology , 29 : 933 – 944 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes , NM , Morley , CB and Smith , WK . 2007 . Coordination of anthocyanin decline and photosynthetic maturation in juvenile leaves of three deciduous tree species . New Phytologist , 175 : 675 – 685 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang , C-D , Jiang , G-M , Wang , X , Li , L-H , Biswas , DK and Li , Y-G . 2006 . Increased photosynthetic activities and thermostability of photosystem II with leaf development of elm seedlings (Ulmus pumila) probed by the fast fluorescence rise OJIP . Environmental and Experimental Botany , 58 : 261 – 268 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jordan , DN and Smith , WK . 1994 . Energy balance analysis of nighttime leaf temperatures and frost formation in a subalpine environment . Agricultural and Forest Meteorology , 71 : 359 – 372 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karim , MA , Fracheboud , Y and Stamp , P . 1999 . Photosynthetic activity of developing leaves of Zea mays is less affected by heat stress than that of developed leaves . Physiologia Plantarum , 105 : 685 – 693 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , K and Portis , AR Jr . 2005 . Temperature dependence of photosynthesis in Arabidopsis plants with modifications in rubisco activase and membrane fluidity . Plant and Cell Physiology , 46 : 522 – 530 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knudson , LL , Tibbits , TW and Edwards , GE . 1977 . Measurement of ozone injury by determination of leaf chlorophyll concentration . Plant Physiology , 60 : 606 – 608 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krause , GH , Virgo , A and Winter , K . 1995 . High susceptibility to photoinhibition of young leaves of tropical forest trees . Planta , 197 : 583 – 591 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lichtenthaler , HK . 1987 . Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes . Methods in Enzymology , 148 : 350 – 382 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manetas , Y , Drinia , A and Petropoulou , Y . 2002 . High contents of anthocyanins in young leaves are correlated with low pools of xanthophyll cycle components and low risk of photoinhibition . Photosynthetica , 40 : 349 – 354 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manetas , Y , Petropoulou , Y , Psaras , GK and Drinia , A . 2003 . Exposed red (anthocyanic) leaves of Quercus coccifera display shade characteristics . Functional Plant Biology , 30 : 265 – 270 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsumoto , J , Muraoka , H and Washitani , I . 2000 . Ecophysiological mechanisms used by Aster kantoensis, an endangered species, to high light and heat stresses of its gravelly floodplain habitat . Annals of Botany , 86 : 777 – 785 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murakami , Y , Tsuyama , M , Kobayashi , Y , Kodama , H and Iba , K . 2000 . Trienoic fatty acids and plant tolerance of high temperature . Science , 287 : 476 – 477 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orshan , G . 1964 . “ Seasonal dimorphism of desert and Mediterranean chamaephytes and its significance as a factor in their water economy ” . In The water relations of plants , Edited by: Rutter , AJ and Whitehead , FH . 206 – 222 . Edinburgh, Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Oxborough , K and Baker , NR . 1997 . Resolving chlorophyll a fluorescence efficiency into photochemical and non-photochemical components – calculation of q P and Fv′/Fm′ without measuring F 0 . Photosynthesis Research , 54 : 135 – 142 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park , SH , Jun , SS , An , GH , Hong , YN and Park , MC . 2003 . A comparative study on the protective role of trehalose and LEA proteins against abiotic stresses in transgenic Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris) overexpressing CaLEA or otsA . Journal of Plant Biology , 46 : 277 – 286 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettigrew , WT and Vaughn , KC . 1998 . Physiological, structural and immunological characterization of leaf and chloroplast development in cotton . Protoplasma , 202 : 23 – 37 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polle , A , Schwanz , P and Rudolf , C . 2001 . Developmental and seasonal changes of stress responsiveness in beech leaves (Fagus sylvatica L.) . Plant, Cell & Environment , 24 : 821 – 829 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radin , JW , Lu , Z , Percy , RG and Zeiger , E . 1994 . Genetic variability for stomatal conductance in Pima cotton and its relation to improvements of heat adaptation . Proceedings of the National Acadamy of Science (USA) , 91 : 7217 – 7221 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharkey , TD . 2005 . Effects of moderate heat stress on photosynthesis: importance of thylakoid reactions, rubisco deactivation, reactive oxygen species, and thermotolerance provided by isoprene . Plant, Cell & Environment , 28 : 269 – 277 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharkey , TD , Wiberley , AE and Donohue , AR . 2008 . Isoprene emission from plants: why and how . Annals of Botany , 101 : 5 – 18 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singsaas , EL , LaPorte , MM , Shi , J-Z , Monson , RK , Bowling , DR , Johnson , K , Lerdau , M , Jasentuliytana , A and Sharkey , TD . 1999 . Kinetics of leaf temperature fluctuation affect isoprene emission from red oak (Quercus rubra) leaves . Tree Physiology , 19 : 917 – 924 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snider JS , Choinski JS Jr , Slaton W 2010 . Juvenile leaves of Rhus glabra have higher photosynthetic thermal tolerance than mature leaves . Botany 88 : 286 289 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snider JS , Choinski JS Jr , Wise RR 2009 . Juvenile Rhus glabra leaves have higher temperatures and lower gas exchange rates than mature leaves in the field when compared during periods of high irradiance . Journal of Plant Physiology 166 : 686 696 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang , Y , Chen , M , Xu , Y and Kuang , T . 2007 . Changes in thermostability of photosystem II and leaf lipid composition of a rice mutant with deficiency of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complexes . Journal of Integrative Plant Biology , 49 : 515 – 522 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Telewski , FW . 1995 . “ Wind-induced physiological and developmental responses in trees ” . In Wind and trees , Edited by: Coutts , MP and Grace , J . 237 – 263 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Weston , DJ and Bauerle , WL . 2007 . Inhibition and acclimation of C-3 photosynthesis to moderate heat: a perspective from thermally contrasting genotypes of Acer rubrum (red maple) . Tree Physiology , 27 : 1083 – 1092 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiberley , AE , Linskey , AR , Falbel , TG and Sharkey , TD . 2005 . Development of the capacity for isoprene emission in kudzu . Plant, Cell & Environment , 28 : 898 – 905 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodall , GS , Dodd , IC and Stewart , GR . 1998 . Contrasting leaf development within the genus Syzygium . Journal of Experimental Botany , 49 : 79 – 87 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar