Broodstock conditioning of New Zealand geoduck (Panopea zelandica) within different temperature and feeding ration regimes

References

• Andersen AM 1971. Spawning, growth and spatial distribution of the geoduck clam, Panopea generosa Gould, in Hood Canal, Washington. Unpublished PhD thesis. Washington, University of Washington. 147 p.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson MJ 2001. A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance. Austral Ecology 26: 32–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayne BL 1976. Marine mussels: their ecology and physiology. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 523 p.
   Google Scholar
• Bayne BL, Newell C 1983. Physiological energetics of marine molluscs. In: Saleuddin ASM, Wilbur KM eds. The Mollusca. Vol. 4, Physiology Part 1. New York, NY, Academic Press. Pp. 407–515.
   Google Scholar
• Bayne BL, Hawkins AJS 1990. Filter feeding in bivalve molluscs: controls on energy balance. In: Mellinger J, Truchot JP, Lahlou B eds. Comparative physiology, animal nutrition and transport processes. I. nutrition in wild and domestic animals. Basel, Karger. Pp. 70–83.
   Google Scholar
• Beattie JH 1994. Serial spawning of the geoduck clam (Panopea abrupta). Journal of Shellfish Research 14: 227.
   Google Scholar
• Brougrier S, Geairon P, Deslous-Paoli JM, Bacher C, Jonquières G 1995. Allometric relationships and effects of temperature on clearance and oxygen consumption rates of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg). Aquaculture 134: 143–154. 10.1016/0044-8486(95)00036-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bureau D, Station P 2003. Age, size structure and growth parameters of geoducks (Panopea abrupta, Conrad 1849) from seven locations in British Columbia sampled in 2001 and 2002. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 29 p.
   Google Scholar
• Calderón-Aguilera LE, Aragón-Noriega EA, Reyes-Bonilla H, Paniagua-Chavez CG, Romo-Curiel AE, Moreno-Rivera VM 2010a. Reproduction of the Cortes geoduck Panopea globosa (Bivalvia: Hiatellidae) and its relationship with temperature and ocean productivity. Journal of Shellfish Research 29: 135–141. 10.2983/035.029.0107
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calderón-Aguilera LE, Aragón-Noriega EA, Hand CM, Moreno-Rivera VM 2010b. Morphometric relationships, age, growth and mortality of the geoduck clam Panopea generosa, along the Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico. Journal of Shellfish Research 29: 319–326. 10.2983/035.029.0206
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell A, Ming MD 2003. Maturity and growth of the Pacific geoduck clam, Panopea abrupta, in southern British Columbia, Canada. Journal of Shellfish Research 22: 85–90.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter D 2012. The Government's aquaculture strategy and five-year action plan to support aquaculture. Wellington, Ministry for Primary Industries.
   Google Scholar
• Delgado M, Pérez Camacho A 2007. Influence of temperature on gonadal development of Ruditapes philippinarum (Adams and Reeve, 1850) with special reference to ingested food and energy balance. Aquaculture 264: 398–407. 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.11.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devauchelle N, Mingant C 1991. Review of the reproductive physiology of the scallop, Pecten maximus, applicable to intensive aquaculture. Aquatic Living Resources 4: 41–51. 10.1051/alr:1991004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dridi S, Romdhane MS, Elcafsi M 2007. Seasonal variation in weight and biochemical composition of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas in relation to the gametogenic cycle and environmental conditions of the Bizert lagoon, Tunisia. Aquaculture 263: 238–248. 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.10.028
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabbott PA 1983. Developmental and seasonal metabolic activities in marine molluscs. In: Hochachka PW ed. The mollusca, environmental biochemistry and physiology vol 2. New York, Academic Press. Pp. 165–217.
   Google Scholar
• García-Esquivel Z, Valenzuela-Espinoza E, Buitimea MI, Searcy-Bernal R, Anguiano-Beltrán C, Ley-Lou F 2013. Effect of lipid emulsion and kelp meal supplementation on the maturation and productive performance of the geoduck clam, Panopea globosa. Aquaculture 396–399: 25–31. 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.02.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodwin C, Pease B 1989. Species profiles: life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Northwest) – Pacific geoduck clam. Biological Report. 14 p.
   Google Scholar
• Goodwin L 1976. Observations on spawning and growth of subtidalgeoducks (Panopea generosa, Gould). Proceedings of the National Shellfisheries Association 65: 49–58.
   Google Scholar
• Gosling E 2003. Bivalve mollusc: biology, ecology, and culture. Oxford, Fishing New Books. 455 p.
   Google Scholar
• Gribben PE, Creese RG 2005. Age, growth, and mortality of the New Zealand geoduck clam, Panopea zelandica (Bivalvia: Hiatellidae) in two North Island populations. Bulletin of Marine Science 77: 119–135.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gribben PE, Hay BE 2003. Larval development of the New Zealand geoduck Panopea zelandica (Bivalvia: Hiatellidae). New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 37: 231–239. 10.1080/00288330.2003.9517161
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gribben PE, Helson J, Jeffs AG 2004. Reproductive cycle of the New Zealand geoduck, Panopea zelandica, in two north island populations. The Veliger 47: 53–65.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamburger K, Møhlenberg F, Randløv A, Riisgård HU 1983. Size, oxygen consumption and growth in the mussel Mytilus edulis. Marine Biology 75: 303–306. 10.1007/BF00406016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helm MM, Bourne N, Lovatelli A 2004. Hatchery culture of bivalves: a practical manual. Rome, FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. 177 p.
   Google Scholar
• Howard DW, Smith CS 1983. Histological techniques for marine bivalve mollusks. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/NEC-25. Woods Hole, MA, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
   Google Scholar
• Kaspar HF, Keys EF, King N, Smith KF, Kesarcodi-Watson A, Miller MR 2014. Continuous production of Chaetoceros calcitrans in a system suitable for commercial hatcheries. Aquaculture 420–421: 1–9. 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.10.021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucas A, Beninger PG 1985. The use of physiological condition indices in marine bivalve aquaculture. Aquaculture 44: 187–200. 10.1007/BF00428653
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacDonald BA, Thompson RJ 1986. Influence of temperature and food availability on the ecological energetics of the giant scallop Placopecten magellanicus. III. Physiological ecology, the gametogenic cycle and scope for growth. Marine Biology 93: 37–48. 10.1007/BF00428653
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshall R 2012. Broodstock conditioning and larval rearing of the geoduck clam (Panopea generosa Gould, 1850). Unpublished PhD thesis. Vancouver, University of British Columbia. 227 p.
   Google Scholar
• Marshall R, McKinley RS, Pearce CM 2012. Effect of temperature on gonad development of the Pacific geoduck clam (Panopea generosa Gould, 1850). Aquaculture 338–341: 264–273. 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.01.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navarro J, Leiva G, Martinez G, Aguilera C 2000. Interactive effects of diet and temperature on the scope for growth of the scallop Argopecten purpuratus during reproductive conditioning. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 247: 67–83. 10.1016/S0022-0981(00)00140-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ngo TTT, Kang S, Kang D, Sorgeloos P, Choi K 2006. Effect of culture depth on the proximate composition and reproduction of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas from Gosung Bay, Korea. Aquaculture 253: 712–720. 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.09.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pérez-Valencia SA, Aragón-Noriega EA 2013. Age and growth of the Cortes geoduck Panopea globosa (Dall, 1898) in the Upper Gulf of California. Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Science 42: 201–205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sloan NA, Robinson SMC 1984. Age and gonad development in the geoduck clam Panopea abrupta (Conrad) from southern British Columbia, Canada. Journal of Shellfish Research 4: 131–137.
   Google Scholar
• Thompson R, Newell R, Kennedy V, Mann R 1996. Reproductive processes and early development. In: Kennedy V, Newell R, Eble A eds. The eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica. Maryland, Maryland Sea Grant Books. Pp. 355–370.
   Google Scholar
• Toba M, Miyama Y 1995. Influence of temperature on sexual maturation in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Aquaculture Science 43: 305–314.
   Google Scholar
• Utting SD, Spencer BE 1991. The hatchery culture of bivalve mollusc larvae and juveniles. Laboratory Leaflet no. 68. Lowestoft, MAFF Directorate of Fisheries. 31 p.
   Google Scholar
• Utting SD, Millican PF 1997. Techniques for the hatchery conditioning of bivalve broodstocks and the subsequent effect on egg quality and larval viability. Aquaculture 155: 45–54. 10.1016/S0044-8486(97)00108-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Molen S, Kroeck M, Ciocco N 2007. Reproductive cycle of the southern geoduck clam, Panopea abbreviata (Bivalvia: Hiatellidae), in north Patagonia, Argentina. Invertebrate Reproduction & Development 50: 75–84. 10.1080/07924259.2007.9652230
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walne PR 1976. Experiments on the culture in the sea of the butterfish Venerupis decussata L. Aquaculture 8: 271–381. 10.1016/0044-8486(76)90119-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar