FORAGING BEHAVIOUR AND SELECTION OF PREY AND PERCHES BY THE BUFFSTREAKED CHAT OENANTHE BIFASCIATA

References

• Alexander , R. MCN . 1985 . “ Locomotion, terrestrial. ” . In A Dictionary of Birds Edited by: Campbell , B. and Lack , E. 329 – 330 . Calton : Poyser .
   Google Scholar
• Altmann , J. 1974 . Observational study of behaviour: sampling methods . Behaviour , 49 : 227 – 267 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armstrong , E. A. 1956 . Territory in the Wren . Troglodytes troglodytes. Ibis , 98 : 430 – 437 .
   Google Scholar
• Bryant , D. M. 1973 . The factors influencing the selection of food by the House Martin (Delichon urbica (L.)) . J. Anim. Ecol. , 42 : 539 – 564 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charnov , E. L. , Orians , G. H. and Hyatt , K. 1976 . Ecological implications of resource depression . Am. Nat. , 110 : 247 – 259 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conder , P. J. 1949 . Individual distance . Ibis , 91 : 649 – 655 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conder , P. J. 1956 . The territory of the Wheatear . Oenanthe oenanthe. Ibis , 98 : 453 – 459 .
   Google Scholar
• Copenhaver , C. and Ewald , P. W. 1980 . Cost of territory establishment in hummingbirds . Oecologia , 46 : 155 – 160 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cornwallis , L. 1975 . “ The comparative ecology of eleven species of wheatear (genus ” . In Oenanthe) Oxford University . in S.W. Iran. D. Phil.thesis
   Google Scholar
• Davies , N. B. 1977 . Prey selection and the search strategy of the Spotted Flycatcher (Muscicapa striata): a field study on optimal foraging . Anim. Behav. , 25 : 1016 – 1033 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies , N. B. 1980 . The economics of territorial behaviour in birds . Ardea , 68 : 63 – 74 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies , N. B. and Houston , A. I. 1981 . Owners and satellites: the economics of territory defence in the Pied Wagtail . Motacilla alba. J. Anim. Ecol. , 50 : 157 – 180 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitzpatrick , J. W. 1981 . Search strategies of tyrant-flycatchers . Anim. Behav. , 29 : 810 – 821 .
   Google Scholar
• Gueguen , A. and Delaunay , G. 1980 . Ecologie et bio-énergétique d'une population de Myrmeleotettix maculatus Thunb. (Orthopt. Acrididae) dans une formation pionnière de lande armoricaine. I. Utilisation de 1'Cnergie au cours du développement . Bull. Ecol. , 11 : 483 – 496 .
   Google Scholar
• Gyllenberg , G. 1969 . The energy flow through a Chorthippus parallelus (Zett.) (Orthoptera) population on a meadow in Tvärminne, Finland . Acta Zool. Fenn. , 123 : 1 – 74 .
   Google Scholar
• Hartley , P. H. T. 1949 . The biology of the Mourning Chat in winter quarters . Ibis , 91 : 393 – 413 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kneis , P. and Spretke , T. 1985 . Zwischenartliche Aspekte der Besiedlung zweier mongolischer Berghänge durch Drosselvögel der Gattungen Oenanthe, Monticola und Phoenicurus. Mitt. 2001. Mus. Berlin 61 . suppl: Ann. Orn. , 9 : 71 – 92 .
   Google Scholar
• Leisler , B. , Heine , G. and Siebenrock , K.-H. 1983 . Einnischung und interspezifischer Territorialität überwinternde Steinschmätzer (Oenanthe isabellina, O. oenanthe, O. pleschanka) in Kenia . J. Orn. , 124 : 393 – 413 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maclean , G. L. 1985 . Roberts' birds of southern Africa Cape Town : John Voelcker Bird Book Fund. .
   Google Scholar
• Moreno , J. 1984 . Search strategies of Wheatears (Oenanthe oenanthe) and Stonechats (Saxicola torquata): adaptive variation in perch height, search time, sally distance and inter-perch move length . J. Anim. Ecol. , 53 : 147 – 159 .
   Google Scholar
• Panov , E. N. 1974 . Die Steinschmätzer Wittenberg-Lutherstadt : Ziemsen-Verlag. .
   Google Scholar
• Plait , B. S. 1962 . “ Tables of representative values of foods commonly used in tropical countries. ” . In MRC Special Report Series N302. London : Hmso. .
   Google Scholar
• Potapova , E. G. and Panov , E. N. 1977 . (Structural patterns of jaw apparatus in wheatears of the genus Oenanthe with special reference to the ways of decrease of food competition between closely-related species). Russian, English summary . Zool. Zh. , 56 : 743 – 752 .
   Google Scholar
• Rice , J. C. 1978 . Behavioural interactions of interspecifically territorial vireos. 2. Seasonal variation in response intensity . Anim. Behav. , 26 : 550 – 561 .
   Google Scholar
• Ripley , S. D. 1962 . Brief comments on the thrushes . Postilla , 63 : 1 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• Simmons , K. E. L. 1954 . Field notes on the behaviour of some passerines migrating through Egypt . Ardea , 42 : 140 – 151 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , K. D. 1971 . Notes on Oenanthe spp. in winter in Africa . Bird Study , 18 : 71 – 79 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tatner , P. 1983 . The diet of urban Magpies . Pica pica. Ibis , 125 : 90 – 107 .
   Google Scholar
• Thiollay , J. M. 1970 . L'exploitation par les oiseaux des essaimages de fourmis et termites dans une zone de contact savane-forêt en Côte d'Ivoire . Alauda , 38 : 255 – 273 .
   Google Scholar
• Tinbergen , N. 1957 . The functions of territory . Bird Study , 4 : 14 – 27 .
   Google Scholar
• Tye , A. 1982 . Social organization and feeding in the Wheatear and Fieldfare University of Cambridge . Ph.D.thesis
   Google Scholar
• Tye , A. 1984 . Attacks by shrikes Lanius spp. on wheat-ears Oenanthe spp.: competition, kleptoparasitism or predation? . Ibis , 126 : 95 – 102 .
   Google Scholar
• Tye , A. “ Vocalizations and territoriality by wheatears Oenanthe spp. in winter quarters ” . In Proc. 6 Pan-African Ornithol. Congr. In press a
   Google Scholar
• Tye , A. “ The wheatears ” . In Oenanthe In press b. spp. In
   Google Scholar
• Keith , S. , Urban , E. K. and Fry , C. H. , eds. The Birds of Africa Vol. 4 , London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Vincent , A. W. 1947 . On the breeding habits of some African birds . Ibis , 89 : 163 – 204 .
   Google Scholar
• Zach , R. and Falls , J. B. Prey selection by captive ovenbirds (Aves: Parulidae) . J. Anim. Ecol. , 47 929 – 943 .
   Google Scholar